diff --git a/.gitlab-ci.yml b/.gitlab-ci.yml
index 4fa204dafae85ec27fbb928d22e11c4212049ef4..0944eae2f5b68a49b59a80d6d80e1516d7113925 100644
--- a/.gitlab-ci.yml
+++ b/.gitlab-ci.yml
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ stages:
   - cmake
   - build
   - test
-
+  
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #  Windows
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ conan:windows:msvc++14.1:
   stage: conan
   tags:
     - msvc++14.1
-    - windows
+    - opengl
   script:
     - rmdir /s /q build
     - mkdir build
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ cmake:windows:msvc++14.1:
   stage: cmake
   tags:
     - msvc++14.1
-    - windows
+    - opengl
   dependencies:
     - conan:windows:msvc++14.1
   script:
@@ -64,24 +64,25 @@ build:windows:msvc++14.1:
   stage: build
   tags:
     - msvc++14.1
-    - windows
+    - opengl
   dependencies:
     - cmake:windows:msvc++14.1
   script:
     - cd build
     - cmake --build . --config Release --target Cpplint-Test-Suite
     - cmake --build . --config Release --target Cppcheck-Test-Suite
-    - cmake --build . --config Release
+    - cmake --build . --config Release -- /m /verbosity:minimal
   artifacts:
     paths:
     - build
     expire_in: 1 week
+  allow_failure: true
 
 test:windows:msvc++14.1:
   stage: test
   tags:
     - msvc++14.1
-    - windows
+    - opengl
   dependencies:
     - build:windows:msvc++14.1
   script:
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ conan:linux:gcc5.3.1:
   stage: conan
   tags:
     - gcc5.3.1
-    - linux
+    - opengl
   script:
     - mkdir build
     - cd build
@@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ conan:linux:gcc6.3.1:
   stage: conan
   tags:
     - gcc6.3.1
-    - linux
+    - opengl
   script:
     - mkdir build
     - cd build
@@ -128,7 +129,7 @@ cmake:linux:gcc5.3.1:
   stage: cmake
   tags:
     - gcc5.3.1
-    - linux
+    - opengl
   dependencies:
     - conan:linux:gcc5.3.1
   script:
@@ -144,7 +145,7 @@ cmake:linux:gcc6.3.1:
   stage: cmake
   tags:
     - gcc6.3.1
-    - linux
+    - opengl
   dependencies:
     - conan:linux:gcc6.3.1
   script:
@@ -160,55 +161,56 @@ build:linux:gcc5.3.1:
   stage: build
   tags:
     - gcc5.3.1
-    - linux
+    - opengl
   dependencies:
     - cmake:linux:gcc5.3.1
   script:
     - cd build
     - make Cpplint-Test-Suite
     - make Cppcheck-Test-Suite
-    - make
+    - make -j
   artifacts:
     paths:
     - build
     expire_in: 1 week
+  allow_failure: true
 
 build:linux:gcc6.3.1:
   stage: build
   tags:
     - gcc6.3.1
-    - linux
+    - opengl
   dependencies:
     - cmake:linux:gcc6.3.1
   script:
     - cd build
     - make Cpplint-Test-Suite
     - make Cppcheck-Test-Suite
-    - make
+    - make -j
   artifacts:
     paths:
     - build
     expire_in: 1 week
-  
+  allow_failure: true
+
 test:linux:gcc5.3.1:
   stage: test
   tags:
     - gcc5.3.1
-    - linux
+    - opengl
   dependencies:
     - build:linux:gcc5.3.1
   script:
     - cd build
     - make Unit-Test-Suite
-    
+
 test:linux:gcc6.3.1:
   stage: test
   tags:
     - gcc6.3.1
-    - linux
+    - opengl
   dependencies:
     - build:linux:gcc6.3.1
   script:
     - cd build
     - make Unit-Test-Suite
-    
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 926366ba7c201df5b625552134ee6b46b4d90b18..18d8d4d79582bb69b27018a4040a1a3ec14892fd 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ find_package(OpenGL REQUIRED)
 conan_or_find_package(SDL2 REQUIRED)
 conan_or_find_package(spdlog REQUIRED)
 conan_or_find_package(freeimage REQUIRED)
+conan_or_find_package(openvr REQUIRED)
 
 
 add_subdirectory(library)
diff --git a/cmake/Testing.cmake b/cmake/Testing.cmake
index 9d34236a57e112d515310d3d086da92ff9c42250..f862a912882dd6cf943e983dd2ac80b00bb74b6d 100644
--- a/cmake/Testing.cmake
+++ b/cmake/Testing.cmake
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ function(ADD_TEST_CATCH_INTERNAL_
   
   add_test(NAME ${NAME} COMMAND ${NAME})
   if(NOT ${NAME} MATCHES "integration")
-    set_tests_properties(${NAME} PROPERTIES TIMEOUT 8.0)
+    set_tests_properties(${NAME} PROPERTIES TIMEOUT 10.0)
   else()
     set_tests_properties(${NAME} PROPERTIES TIMEOUT 120.0)
   endif()
diff --git a/cmake/cppcheck.cmake b/cmake/cppcheck.cmake
index 79447ce7c5f37299477037a77cd8a30e0ecdf5eb..9e8a289654e9bee0be45e416d52f399e5f27b6ce 100644
--- a/cmake/cppcheck.cmake
+++ b/cmake/cppcheck.cmake
@@ -52,5 +52,5 @@ function(ADD_TEST_CPPCHECK)
     "${options}" "${oneValueArgs}" "${multiValueArgs}" ${ARGN})
   add_test(NAME ${ARGS_NAME}
     COMMAND "${CPPCHECK_COMMAND}" ${CPPCHECK_ARGUMENTS} ${ARGS_UNPARSED_ARGUMENTS})
-  set_tests_properties(${ARGS_NAME} PROPERTIES TIMEOUT 8.0)
+  set_tests_properties(${ARGS_NAME} PROPERTIES TIMEOUT 20.0)
 endfunction()
diff --git a/cmake/cpplint.cmake b/cmake/cpplint.cmake
index e0cc1cc767e5cbe1a291e5e169c279a6210a858b..fb15cefb7a6ebfd3298e04ee6c946a32369eac13 100644
--- a/cmake/cpplint.cmake
+++ b/cmake/cpplint.cmake
@@ -76,5 +76,5 @@ function(ADD_TEST_CPPLINT)
     COMMAND ${PYTHON_EXECUTABLE} ${CPPLINT_COMMAND} ${CPPLINT_OUTPUT}
     ${ADD_TEST_CPPLINT_UNPARSED_ARGUMENTS}
     )
-  set_tests_properties(${ADD_TEST_CPPLINT_NAME} PROPERTIES TIMEOUT 7.0)
+  set_tests_properties(${ADD_TEST_CPPLINT_NAME} PROPERTIES TIMEOUT 20.0)
 endfunction()
diff --git a/cmake/suppress_warnings.hpp.in b/cmake/suppress_warnings.hpp.in
index 4c19fe1c774b4d45b969319921186205870cfbbe..70613698f3c81d308f25335ff2752cb2b42433af 100644
--- a/cmake/suppress_warnings.hpp.in
+++ b/cmake/suppress_warnings.hpp.in
@@ -37,8 +37,10 @@
   _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wpessimizing-move\"")              \
   _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wunused-parameter\"")              \
   _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wold-style-cast\"")                \
-  _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wsign-conversion\"")                \
-  _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wnewline-eof\"")
+  _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wsign-conversion\"")               \
+  _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wnewline-eof\"")                   \
+  _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wnon-virtual-dtor\"")              \
+    _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wextra-semi\"")
 #define SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN_PADDED \
   _Pragma("clang diagnostic push")                                        \
   _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wpadded\"")
diff --git a/conanfile.py b/conanfile.py
index 378a10dc074ea26608ec75bd472b466550a37404..ba91df218a0aa70e333c637e26206c2f64d3eea6 100644
--- a/conanfile.py
+++ b/conanfile.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ from conans import ConanFile, CMake
 
 class ProjectPhoenix(ConanFile):
     name = "phx"
-    version = "17.11.0"
+    version = "17.12.0"
     license = "3-Clause BSD License"
     description = """Project Phoenix"""
     settings = "os", "compiler", "build_type", "arch"
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ class ProjectPhoenix(ConanFile):
                 ("gl/1.0.0@RWTH-VR/thirdparty"),
                 ("glew/2.1.0_1@RWTH-VR/thirdparty"),
                 ("glm/0.9.8@RWTH-VR/thirdparty"),
+				("openvr/1.0.10@RWTH-VR/thirdparty"),
                 ("SDL2/2.0.5@RWTH-VR/thirdparty"),
                 ("spdlog/0.14.0@RWTH-VR/thirdparty"),
                 ("trompeloeil/v25@RWTH-VR/thirdparty"))
diff --git a/demos/viewer/src/controller_behavior.cpp b/demos/viewer/src/controller_behavior.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..64b9209784326b33b0957a99791558b265b089fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/demos/viewer/src/controller_behavior.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "controller_behavior.hpp"
+
+#include "phx/entity.hpp"
+#include "phx/scene.hpp"
+#include "phx/transform.hpp"
+
+void ControllerBehavior::OnUpdate() {
+  phx::Scene* scene = GetEntity()->GetScene();
+  phx::Entity* runtime_entity = nullptr;
+  for (auto entity : scene->GetEntities()) {
+    if (entity->GetName() == phx::RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_CONTROLLER_LEFT &&
+        side_ == Side::LEFT) {
+      runtime_entity = entity;
+    }
+    if (entity->GetName() == phx::RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_CONTROLLER_RIGHT &&
+        side_ == Side::RIGHT) {
+      runtime_entity = entity;
+    }
+  }
+  if (runtime_entity &&
+      !(GetEntity()->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()->GetParent() ==
+        runtime_entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>())) {
+    GetEntity()->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()->SetParent(
+        runtime_entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>());
+  }
+}
+
+void ControllerBehavior::SetSide(Side side) { side_ = side; }
diff --git a/demos/viewer/src/controller_behavior.hpp b/demos/viewer/src/controller_behavior.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..add4476a3cc1948e898ce13e0dcb66d74557be0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/demos/viewer/src/controller_behavior.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef DEMOS_VIEWER_SRC_CONTROLLER_BEHAVIOR_HPP_
+#define DEMOS_VIEWER_SRC_CONTROLLER_BEHAVIOR_HPP_
+
+#include "phx/behavior.hpp"
+
+class ControllerBehavior : public phx::Behavior {
+ public:
+  enum Side { LEFT, RIGHT };
+
+  void OnUpdate() override;
+
+  void SetSide(Side side);
+
+ private:
+  Side side_ = Side::LEFT;
+};
+
+#endif  // DEMOS_VIEWER_SRC_CONTROLLER_BEHAVIOR_HPP_
diff --git a/demos/viewer/src/navigation_behavior.cpp b/demos/viewer/src/navigation_behavior.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9d30d276bb478dde38dedbb608ad548d899caa70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/demos/viewer/src/navigation_behavior.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "navigation_behavior.hpp"
+
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "glm/detail/type_vec3.hpp"
+#include "glm/glm.hpp"
+#include "glm/gtc/matrix_access.hpp"
+
+#include "phx/display_system.hpp"
+#include "phx/engine.hpp"
+#include "phx/entity.hpp"
+#include "phx/hmd.hpp"
+#include "phx/scene.hpp"
+#include "phx/transform.hpp"
+
+void NavigationBehavior::OnUpdate() {
+  // If there exists an HMD and a transform.
+  const auto hmd = GetEntity()
+                       ->GetScene()
+                       ->GetEngine()
+                       ->GetSystem<phx::DisplaySystem>()
+                       ->GetHMD();
+  const auto transform = GetEntity()->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>();
+  if (!hmd || !transform) return;
+
+  auto indices = hmd->GetControllerIndices();
+
+  for (auto i = 0u; i < indices.size(); ++i) {
+    vr::VRControllerState_t controller_state;
+    vr::VRSystem()->GetControllerState(indices[i], &controller_state,
+                                       sizeof controller_state);
+
+    // Set the transform based on whether the trigger is pressed.
+    if (controller_state.ulButtonTouched &
+        vr::ButtonMaskFromId(vr::EVRButtonId::k_EButton_SteamVR_Trigger))
+      transform->Translate(
+          -0.05F * glm::column(hmd->GetRightControllerTransformation(), 2));
+    if (controller_state.ulButtonTouched &
+        vr::ButtonMaskFromId(vr::EVRButtonId::k_EButton_SteamVR_Touchpad))
+      transform->Translate(
+          0.05F * glm::column(hmd->GetRightControllerTransformation(), 2));
+  }
+}
diff --git a/demos/viewer/src/navigation_behavior.hpp b/demos/viewer/src/navigation_behavior.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..240dd2079dd58479c5d26233bd55422264c49a1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/demos/viewer/src/navigation_behavior.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef DEMOS_VIEWER_SRC_NAVIGATION_BEHAVIOR_HPP_
+#define DEMOS_VIEWER_SRC_NAVIGATION_BEHAVIOR_HPP_
+
+#include "phx/behavior.hpp"
+
+class NavigationBehavior : public phx::Behavior {
+ public:
+  void OnUpdate() override;
+};
+
+#endif  // DEMOS_VIEWER_SRC_NAVIGATION_BEHAVIOR_HPP_
diff --git a/demos/viewer/src/viewer.cpp b/demos/viewer/src/viewer.cpp
index 5f9d09c4a9070680541c7dbd0d98dc34a2d5f828..57a9a4aa2b75f7d26550698641fd77a81d7a0e7a 100644
--- a/demos/viewer/src/viewer.cpp
+++ b/demos/viewer/src/viewer.cpp
@@ -24,30 +24,97 @@
 #include <iostream>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
+#include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include "phx/assimp_loader.hpp"
+#include "phx/assimp_model_loader.hpp"
+#include "phx/display_system.hpp"
 #include "phx/engine.hpp"
 #include "phx/entity.hpp"
 #include "phx/input_system.hpp"
 #include "phx/light.hpp"
 #include "phx/logger.hpp"
-#include "phx/material.hpp"
+#include "phx/material_handle.hpp"
 #include "phx/mesh.hpp"
+#include "phx/mesh_handle.hpp"
+#include "phx/openvr_mesh_loader.hpp"
 #include "phx/phoenix.hpp"
 #include "phx/rendering_system.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_declaration.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_manager.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_proxy.hpp"
 #include "phx/scene.hpp"
+#include "phx/scene_loader.hpp"
 #include "phx/setup.hpp"
+#include "phx/splash_screen.hpp"
 #include "phx/transform.hpp"
+#include "phx/virtual_platform.hpp"
 #include "phx/window.hpp"
 
+#include "controller_behavior.hpp"
+#include "navigation_behavior.hpp"
 #include "rotation_behavior.hpp"
 #include "viewer_system.hpp"
 
+void AddControllerEntity(const std::shared_ptr<phx::Scene>& scene,
+                         phx::ResourceProxy* mesh_proxy,
+                         phx::ResourceProxy* material_proxy,
+                         ControllerBehavior::Side side) {
+  phx::Entity* controller = scene->CreateEntity();
+  controller->AddComponent<phx::MeshHandle>()->SetMeshProxy(mesh_proxy);
+  controller->AddComponent<phx::Transform>();
+  controller->AddComponent<phx::MaterialHandle>()->SetMaterialProxy(
+      material_proxy);
+  controller->AddComponent<ControllerBehavior>()->SetSide(side);
+}
+
+void SetupOpenVRController(const std::shared_ptr<phx::Scene>& scene,
+                           phx::HMD* hmd) {
+  auto& resource_manager = phx::ResourceManager::instance();
+  auto openvr_mesh_loader = std::make_unique<phx::OpenvrMeshLoader>(hmd);
+  resource_manager.RegisterResourceType(".openvr",
+                                        std::move(openvr_mesh_loader));
+
+  phx::ResourceDeclaration material_declaration{"material.openvr"};
+  auto material_proxy = resource_manager.DeclareResource(material_declaration);
+  material_proxy->Load();
+
+  phx::ResourceDeclaration right_controller_declaration{
+      "controller_right.openvr"};
+  auto right_controller_proxy =
+      resource_manager.DeclareResource(right_controller_declaration);
+  right_controller_proxy->Load();
+  if (right_controller_proxy->GetAs<phx::Mesh>() != nullptr) {
+    AddControllerEntity(scene, right_controller_proxy, material_proxy,
+                        ControllerBehavior::RIGHT);
+  }
+
+  phx::ResourceDeclaration left_controller_declaration{
+      "controller_left.openvr"};
+  auto left_controller_proxy =
+      resource_manager.DeclareResource(left_controller_declaration);
+  left_controller_proxy->Load();
+  if (left_controller_proxy->GetAs<phx::Mesh>() != nullptr) {
+    AddControllerEntity(scene, left_controller_proxy, material_proxy,
+                        ControllerBehavior::LEFT);
+  }
+}
+
 int main(int, char**) {
   std::unique_ptr<phx::Engine> engine = phx::Setup::CreateDefaultEngine();
   auto scene = engine->GetScene();
 
+  phx::SplashScreen splash(
+      engine->GetSystem<phx::DisplaySystem>()->GetWindow());
+  splash.Draw();
+  auto assimp_loader = std::make_unique<phx::AssimpModelLoader>();
+  assimp_loader->SetProgressUpdateCallback([&splash](float progress) {
+    splash.SetLoadProgress(progress);
+    splash.Draw();
+  });
+  phx::ResourceManager::instance().RegisterResourceType(
+      ".obj", std::move(assimp_loader));
+
   phx::InputSystem* input_system = engine->GetSystem<phx::InputSystem>();
   ViewerSystem* viewer_system = engine->CreateSystem<ViewerSystem>();
 
@@ -57,41 +124,52 @@ int main(int, char**) {
       viewer_system->SetShowFramerate(!viewer_system->GetShowFramerate());
   });
 
-  phx::AssimpLoader loader(scene.get());
-  phx::Entity* model = loader.LoadModelFile(
-      "models/UniversityScene/nomats/university_singlemat.obj")[0];
+  auto hmd = engine->GetSystem<phx::DisplaySystem>()->GetHMD();
+  if (hmd != nullptr) {
+    SetupOpenVRController(scene, hmd);
+  }
 
-  phx::Material* material = model->AddComponent<phx::Material>();
-  material->SetDiffuseColor(glm::vec3(1.0f, 0.71f, 0.75f));
-  material->SetSpecularColor(glm::vec3(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f));
-  material->SetAmbientColor(glm::vec3(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f));
-  material->SetShininess(200.0f);
+  phx::SceneLoader::InsertModelIntoScene(
+      "models/UniversityScene/Univers20171013.obj", scene.get());
 
-  phx::Transform* bunny_transform = model->AddComponent<phx::Transform>();
-  bunny_transform->SetLocalTranslation(glm::vec3(0.0f, -0.1f, 0.0f));
+  std::vector<glm::quat> light_dirs{
+      glm::quat(glm::angleAxis(-0.25f * glm::pi<float>(), glm::vec3(1, 0, 0))),
+      glm::quat(glm::angleAxis(0.25f * glm::pi<float>(), glm::vec3(0, 1, 0))),
+      glm::quat(glm::angleAxis(-0.25f * glm::pi<float>(), glm::vec3(0, 1, 0))),
+      glm::quat(glm::angleAxis(0.75f * glm::pi<float>(), glm::vec3(1, 0, 0)))};
+  std::vector<glm::vec3> light_colors{
+      glm::vec3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0), glm::vec3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0),
+      glm::vec3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0), glm::vec3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)};
+  std::vector<float> light_intensities{1.0f, 0.9f, 0.8f, 0.7f};
 
-  model->AddComponent<RotationBehavior>();
+  for (std::size_t i = 0; i < light_dirs.size(); i++) {
+    phx::Entity* light_entity = scene->CreateEntity();
+    phx::Transform* light_transform =
+        light_entity->AddComponent<phx::Transform>();
+    light_transform->SetLocalRotation(light_dirs[i]);
+    phx::Light* light = light_entity->AddComponent<phx::Light>();
+    light->SetType(phx::Light::Type::kDirectional);
+    light->SetColor(light_colors[i]);
+    light->SetIntensity(light_intensities[i]);
+  }
 
-  phx::Entity* main_light = scene->CreateEntity();
-  phx::Transform* light_transform = main_light->AddComponent<phx::Transform>();
-  light_transform->SetLocalRotation(
-      glm::angleAxis(0.2f * glm::pi<float>(), glm::vec3(0, 1, 0)));
-  phx::Light* light = main_light->AddComponent<phx::Light>();
-  light->SetType(phx::Light::Type::kDirectional);
-  light->SetColor(glm::vec3(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f));
-  light->SetIntensity(1.0f);
+  auto virtual_platform_transform =
+      scene->GetEntitiesWithComponents<phx::VirtualPlatform>()[0]
+          ->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>();
+
+  virtual_platform_transform->SetLocalTranslation(glm::vec3(0, 1.0, 5.0));
 
   phx::Entity* camera = scene->CreateEntity();
   auto camera_transform = camera->AddComponent<phx::Transform>();
   auto camera_projection = camera->AddComponent<phx::Projection>();
+  camera->AddComponent<NavigationBehavior>();
   camera_projection->SetPerspective(glm::radians(68.0f), 4.0f / 3.0f, 0.01f,
                                     1000.0f);
-  camera_transform->SetLocalTranslation(glm::vec3(0, 0, 250.0));
-
-  phx::info("Some testing output:");
-  phx::info("Model: {}", *model);
-  phx::info("Material: {}", *material);
-  phx::info("Camera Transform: {}", *camera_transform);
+  camera_transform->SetLocalTranslation(glm::vec3(0, 0, 0));
+  camera_transform->SetParent(virtual_platform_transform, false);
+  auto virtual_platform =
+      scene->GetEntitiesWithComponents<phx::VirtualPlatform>()[0];
+  virtual_platform->AddComponent<NavigationBehavior>();
 
   engine->Run();
 
diff --git a/library/CMakeLists.txt b/library/CMakeLists.txt
index 890b1d9404fe2a394da32cfbdeb64a979e2772a9..22a80bda4d5f3b6a18a96a623e20c6257e1ec2c1 100644
--- a/library/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/library/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ target_link_libraries(phoenix
   ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_spdlog}
   ${OPENGL_LIBRARIES}
   ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_freeimage}
+  ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_openvr}
   )
 
 generate_export_header(phoenix
diff --git a/library/phx/assimp_loader.cpp b/library/phx/assimp_loader.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index b1ba4eac5933143e140a610f8cda27d73b23f78d..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/library/phx/assimp_loader.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,166 +0,0 @@
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Project Phoenix
-//
-// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
-// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//                                 License
-//
-// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-#include "assimp_loader.hpp"
-
-#include <string>
-#include <vector>
-
-#include "assimp/Importer.hpp"   // C++ importer interface
-#include "assimp/postprocess.h"  // Post processing flags
-#include "assimp/scene.h"        // Output data structure
-
-#include "phx/entity.hpp"
-#include "phx/logger.hpp"
-#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
-#include "phx/resources_path.hpp"
-#include "phx/scene.hpp"
-
-namespace phx {
-
-AssimpLoader::AssimpLoader(Scene* scene) : scene_(scene) {}
-
-std::vector<Entity*> AssimpLoader::LoadModelFile(const std::string& filename,
-                                                 bool absolute_filename_path) {
-  Assimp::Importer importer;
-  std::string complete_filename = filename;
-  if (!absolute_filename_path) {
-    complete_filename = phx::resources_root + filename;
-  }
-  const aiScene* scene = importer.ReadFile(
-      complete_filename, aiProcess_Triangulate | aiProcess_GenSmoothNormals |
-                             aiProcess_JoinIdenticalVertices |
-                             aiProcess_SortByPType);
-
-  if (!scene) {
-    phx::warn("Error loading model file \"{}\".", complete_filename);
-    return std::vector<Entity*>();
-  }
-
-  std::vector<Entity*> loaded_entities;
-
-  LoadMeshes(&loaded_entities, scene);
-
-  return loaded_entities;
-}
-
-void AssimpLoader::LoadMeshes(std::vector<Entity*>* loaded_entities,
-                              const aiScene* scene) {
-  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < scene->mNumMeshes; i++) {
-    Entity* entity{ConstructEntity(scene->mMeshes[i])};
-    loaded_entities->push_back(entity);
-  }
-}
-
-Entity* AssimpLoader::ConstructEntity(const aiMesh* scene_mesh) {
-  Entity* entity = scene_->CreateEntity();
-  Mesh* mesh = entity->AddComponent<Mesh>();
-
-  mesh->SetVertices(LoadVertices(scene_mesh));
-  mesh->SetIndices(LoadIndices(scene_mesh));
-  mesh->SetNormals(LoadNormals(scene_mesh));
-  mesh->SetTangents(LoadTangents(scene_mesh));
-  mesh->SetBitangents(LoadBitangents(scene_mesh));
-  mesh->SetTexcoords(LoadTextureCoordinates(scene_mesh));
-
-  return entity;
-}
-
-std::vector<glm::vec3> AssimpLoader::LoadVertices(const aiMesh* mesh) {
-  std::vector<glm::vec3> result;
-  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mesh->mNumVertices; i++) {
-    result.push_back(glm::vec3(static_cast<float>(mesh->mVertices[i][0]),
-                               static_cast<float>(mesh->mVertices[i][1]),
-                               static_cast<float>(mesh->mVertices[i][2])));
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
-std::vector<unsigned int> AssimpLoader::LoadIndices(const aiMesh* mesh) {
-  std::vector<unsigned int> result;
-  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mesh->mNumFaces; i++) {
-    if (mesh->mFaces[i].mNumIndices != 3) {
-      // Meshes are triangulated, so there should not be faces with more than
-      // three indices
-      phx::warn("Assimp loaded face with {} indices. The face was ignored.",
-                mesh->mFaces[i].mNumIndices);
-      continue;
-    }
-    for (unsigned int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
-      result.push_back(mesh->mFaces[i].mIndices[j]);
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
-std::vector<glm::vec3> AssimpLoader::LoadNormals(const aiMesh* mesh) {
-  std::vector<glm::vec3> result;
-  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mesh->mNumVertices; i++) {
-    result.push_back(glm::vec3(static_cast<float>(mesh->mNormals[i][0]),
-                               static_cast<float>(mesh->mNormals[i][1]),
-                               static_cast<float>(mesh->mNormals[i][2])));
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
-std::vector<glm::vec3> AssimpLoader::LoadTangents(const aiMesh* mesh) {
-  std::vector<glm::vec3> result;
-  if (!mesh->HasTangentsAndBitangents()) {
-    return result;
-  }
-  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mesh->mNumVertices; i++) {
-    result.push_back(glm::vec3(static_cast<float>(mesh->mTangents[i][0]),
-                               static_cast<float>(mesh->mTangents[i][1]),
-                               static_cast<float>(mesh->mTangents[i][2])));
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
-std::vector<glm::vec3> AssimpLoader::LoadBitangents(const aiMesh* mesh) {
-  std::vector<glm::vec3> result;
-  if (!mesh->HasTangentsAndBitangents()) {
-    return result;
-  }
-  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mesh->mNumVertices; i++) {
-    result.push_back(glm::vec3(static_cast<float>(mesh->mBitangents[i][0]),
-                               static_cast<float>(mesh->mBitangents[i][1]),
-                               static_cast<float>(mesh->mBitangents[i][2])));
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
-std::vector<glm::vec2> AssimpLoader::LoadTextureCoordinates(
-    const aiMesh* mesh) {
-  std::vector<glm::vec2> result;
-  if (!mesh->HasTextureCoords(0)) {
-    return result;
-  }
-  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mesh->mNumVertices; i++) {
-    result.push_back(glm::vec2(
-        // Note: Assimp allows for multiple texture coordinates per vertex.
-        // Currently only the first set is loaded, the others are ignored.
-        static_cast<float>(mesh->mTextureCoords[0][i][0]),
-        static_cast<float>(mesh->mTextureCoords[0][i][1])));
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
-}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/assimp_loader.hpp b/library/phx/assimp_loader.hpp
deleted file mode 100644
index b837aca27169758f1bbe9328dfccf64586b03122..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/library/phx/assimp_loader.hpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Project Phoenix
-//
-// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
-// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//                                 License
-//
-// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_ASSIMP_LOADER_HPP_
-#define LIBRARY_PHX_ASSIMP_LOADER_HPP_
-
-#include <assimp/scene.h>
-
-#include <string>
-#include <vector>
-
-#include "phx/entity.hpp"
-#include "phx/export.hpp"
-#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
-#include "phx/scene.hpp"
-
-namespace phx {
-
-class PHOENIX_EXPORT AssimpLoader {
- public:
-  explicit AssimpLoader(Scene* scene);
-  AssimpLoader(const AssimpLoader&) = default;
-  AssimpLoader(AssimpLoader&&) = default;
-  virtual ~AssimpLoader() = default;
-
-  AssimpLoader& operator=(const AssimpLoader&) = default;
-  AssimpLoader& operator=(AssimpLoader&&) = default;
-
-  // if not absolute_filename_path the model is loaded from resources/filename
-  std::vector<Entity*> LoadModelFile(const std::string& filename,
-                                     bool absolute_filename_path = false);
-
- private:
-  void LoadMeshes(std::vector<Entity*>* loaded_entities, const aiScene* scene);
-  Entity* ConstructEntity(const aiMesh* scene_mesh);
-
-  std::vector<glm::vec3> LoadVertices(const aiMesh* mesh);
-  std::vector<unsigned int> LoadIndices(const aiMesh* mesh);
-  std::vector<glm::vec3> LoadNormals(const aiMesh* mesh);
-  std::vector<glm::vec3> LoadTangents(const aiMesh* mesh);
-  std::vector<glm::vec3> LoadBitangents(const aiMesh* mesh);
-  std::vector<glm::vec2> LoadTextureCoordinates(const aiMesh* mesh);
-
- private:
-  Scene* scene_;
-};
-
-}  // namespace phx
-
-#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_ASSIMP_LOADER_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/assimp_model_loader.cpp b/library/phx/assimp_model_loader.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e779865774fb39e4bb9bfeae7c6fd4eae44e2c04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/assimp_model_loader.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,293 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "assimp_model_loader.hpp"
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "assimp/Importer.hpp"   // C++ importer interface
+#include "assimp/postprocess.h"  // Post processing flags
+
+#include "phx/image_loader.hpp"
+#include "phx/logger.hpp"
+#include "phx/model.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_declaration.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_manager.hpp"
+#include "phx/resources_path.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+AssimpModelLoader::AssimpModelLoader() {
+  progress_handler_.parent_ = this;
+  importer_.SetProgressHandler(&progress_handler_);
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<phx::Resource> AssimpModelLoader::Load(
+    const ResourceDeclaration &declaration) {
+  std::string file_name = declaration;
+  auto index_divider_pos = declaration.find(";");
+  auto material_indicator_pos = std::string::npos;
+  unsigned int single_mesh_index = 0;
+  unsigned int single_material_index = 0;
+  if (index_divider_pos != std::string::npos) {
+    // we only want to load a single mesh or material
+    // format for a mesh:
+    //   id;file_name (e.g., 0;bunny.obj)
+    // format for a material:
+    //   material:id;file_name (e.g., material:0;bunny.obj)
+
+    // check whether a material is requested first
+    material_indicator_pos = declaration.find("material:");
+    if (material_indicator_pos != std::string::npos) {
+      // ok, it's a material
+      single_material_index =
+          std::stoi(declaration.substr(9, index_divider_pos - 9));
+    } else {
+      // ok, it's a mesh
+      single_mesh_index = std::stoi(declaration.substr(0, index_divider_pos));
+    }
+    file_name = declaration.substr(index_divider_pos + 1);
+  }
+
+  auto path = file_name.substr(0, file_name.find_last_of("/\\"));
+
+  if (last_loaded_scene_ != file_name || importer_.GetScene() == nullptr) {
+    if (!LoadFile(file_name)) {
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+
+  const aiScene *scene = importer_.GetScene();
+
+  if (index_divider_pos != std::string::npos) {
+    if (material_indicator_pos != std::string::npos) {
+      return LoadSingleMaterial(scene->mMaterials[single_material_index], path);
+    } else {
+      return LoadSingleMesh(scene->mMeshes[single_mesh_index]);
+    }
+  }
+
+  auto resource = std::make_unique<phx::Model>();
+
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < scene->mNumMaterials; ++i) {
+    auto material_proxy = phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource(
+        "material:" + std::to_string(i) + ";" + file_name);
+    material_proxy->Load();
+    resource->AddMaterial(material_proxy);
+  }
+
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < scene->mNumMeshes; i++) {
+    auto mesh_proxy = phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource(
+        std::to_string(i) + ";" + file_name);
+    mesh_proxy->Load();
+    resource->AddMesh(mesh_proxy);
+    if (last_material_index_ != -1) {
+      resource->SetMaterialForMesh(
+          mesh_proxy, resource->GetMaterials()[last_material_index_]);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return resource;
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<phx::Mesh> AssimpModelLoader::LoadSingleMesh(
+    const aiMesh *mesh) {
+  auto resource = std::make_unique<phx::Mesh>();
+
+  resource->SetVertices(LoadVertices(mesh));
+  resource->SetIndices(LoadIndices(mesh));
+  resource->SetNormals(LoadNormals(mesh));
+  resource->SetTangents(LoadTangents(mesh));
+  resource->SetBitangents(LoadBitangents(mesh));
+  resource->SetTextureCoords(LoadTextureCoords(mesh));
+
+  // cache material index to later be able to store the connection in the case
+  // that we actually load a complete model via Load()
+  // @TODO(anyone)
+  // This needs to be refactored when we implement proper loading of a
+  // complete model file (incl. transform hierarchies and everything) as opposed
+  // to right now, where each sub-mesh and sub-material is effectively loaded
+  // separately and just pushed into a Model file for storage
+  last_material_index_ = mesh->mMaterialIndex;
+
+  return resource;
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<phx::Material> AssimpModelLoader::LoadSingleMaterial(
+    const aiMaterial *material, const std::string &filepath) {
+  auto resource = std::make_unique<phx::Material>();
+
+  aiColor4D color_diffuse(0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 1.f);
+  aiGetMaterialColor(material, AI_MATKEY_COLOR_DIFFUSE, &color_diffuse);
+  aiColor4D color_specular(0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 1.f);
+  aiGetMaterialColor(material, AI_MATKEY_COLOR_SPECULAR, &color_specular);
+  aiColor4D color_ambient(0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 1.f);
+  aiGetMaterialColor(material, AI_MATKEY_COLOR_AMBIENT, &color_ambient);
+
+  aiString name;
+  material->Get(AI_MATKEY_NAME, name);
+
+  float shininess;
+  aiGetMaterialFloat(material, AI_MATKEY_SHININESS, &shininess);
+
+  resource->SetDiffuseColor(
+      glm::vec3(color_diffuse.r, color_diffuse.g, color_diffuse.b));
+  resource->SetSpecularColor(
+      glm::vec3(color_specular.r, color_specular.g, color_specular.b));
+  resource->SetAmbientColor(
+      glm::vec3(color_ambient.r, color_ambient.g, color_ambient.b));
+  resource->SetShininess(shininess);
+  resource->SetName(name.C_Str());
+
+  aiString relative_path;
+  if (AI_SUCCESS ==
+      material->GetTexture(aiTextureType_AMBIENT, 0, &relative_path)) {
+    auto image_proxy = ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource(
+        filepath + "/" + std::string(relative_path.C_Str()));
+    image_proxy->Load();
+    resource->SetAmbientImage(image_proxy);
+  }
+  if (AI_SUCCESS ==
+      material->GetTexture(aiTextureType_DIFFUSE, 0, &relative_path)) {
+    auto image_proxy = ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource(
+        filepath + "/" + std::string(relative_path.C_Str()));
+    image_proxy->Load();
+    resource->SetDiffuseImage(image_proxy);
+  }
+  if (AI_SUCCESS ==
+      material->GetTexture(aiTextureType_SPECULAR, 0, &relative_path)) {
+    auto image_proxy = ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource(
+        filepath + "/" + std::string(relative_path.C_Str()));
+    image_proxy->Load();
+    resource->SetSpecularImage(image_proxy);
+  }
+
+  return resource;
+}
+
+std::vector<glm::vec3> AssimpModelLoader::LoadVertices(const aiMesh *mesh) {
+  return LoadVectorData(mesh->mVertices, mesh->mNumVertices);
+}
+
+std::vector<unsigned int> AssimpModelLoader::LoadIndices(const aiMesh *mesh) {
+  const std::size_t num_faces = mesh->mNumFaces;
+  std::vector<unsigned int> result;
+  result.reserve(num_faces);
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_faces; i++) {
+    if (mesh->mFaces[i].mNumIndices != 3) {
+      // Meshes are triangulated, so there should not be faces with more than
+      // three indices
+      phx::warn("Assimp loaded face with {} indices. The face was ignored.",
+                mesh->mFaces[i].mNumIndices);
+      continue;
+    }
+    for (unsigned int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
+      result.push_back(mesh->mFaces[i].mIndices[j]);
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+std::vector<glm::vec3> AssimpModelLoader::LoadTangents(const aiMesh *mesh) {
+  if (!mesh->HasTangentsAndBitangents()) {
+    std::vector<glm::vec3> dummy;
+    return dummy;
+  }
+  return LoadVectorData(mesh->mTangents, mesh->mNumVertices);
+}
+
+std::vector<glm::vec3> AssimpModelLoader::LoadBitangents(const aiMesh *mesh) {
+  if (!mesh->HasTangentsAndBitangents()) {
+    std::vector<glm::vec3> dummy;
+    return dummy;
+  }
+  return LoadVectorData(mesh->mBitangents, mesh->mNumVertices);
+}
+
+std::vector<glm::vec2> AssimpModelLoader::LoadTextureCoords(
+    const aiMesh *mesh) {
+  std::vector<glm::vec2> result;
+  if (!mesh->HasTextureCoords(0)) {
+    // since our shaders currently require texture coordinates to exist, we load
+    // dummy ones
+    return std::vector<glm::vec2>(mesh->mNumVertices, glm::vec2());
+  }
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mesh->mNumVertices; i++) {
+    result.push_back(glm::vec2(
+        // Note: Assimp allows for multiple texture coordinates per vertex.
+        // Currently only the first set is loaded, the others are ignored.
+        static_cast<float>(mesh->mTextureCoords[0][i][0]),
+        static_cast<float>(mesh->mTextureCoords[0][i][1])));
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+std::vector<glm::vec3> AssimpModelLoader::LoadNormals(const aiMesh *mesh) {
+  return LoadVectorData(mesh->mNormals, mesh->mNumVertices);
+}
+
+bool AssimpModelLoader::LoadFile(const std::string &filename) {
+  std::string complete_filename = phx::resources_root + filename;
+
+  info("Load Model: {}", filename);
+  const aiScene *scene = importer_.ReadFile(
+      complete_filename, aiProcess_Triangulate | aiProcess_GenSmoothNormals |
+                             aiProcess_JoinIdenticalVertices |
+                             aiProcess_SortByPType);
+  std::cout << std::endl;
+  if (!scene) {
+    phx::warn("Error loading model file \"{}\".", complete_filename);
+    return false;
+  }
+  info("Finished Loading Model");
+  last_loaded_scene_ = filename;
+  last_material_index_ = -1;
+  return true;
+}
+
+AssimpModelLoader::~AssimpModelLoader() {
+  importer_.SetProgressHandler(nullptr);
+}
+
+void AssimpModelLoader::SetProgressUpdateCallback(
+    const std::function<void(float)> &callback) {
+  on_progress_update_callback_ = callback;
+}
+
+bool AssimpModelLoader::AssimpProgressHandler::Update(float percentage) {
+  if (percentage < 0.0f) return true;
+  if (percentage > 1.0f) percentage = 1.0f;
+  const int precision = 50;
+  const int progress = static_cast<int>(percentage * precision);
+  std::cout << "\r[" << std::string(progress, '=')
+            << std::string(precision - progress, ' ') << "] ("
+            << (progress * 100 / precision) << "%) ";
+
+  if (parent_ != nullptr && parent_->on_progress_update_callback_ != nullptr)
+    parent_->on_progress_update_callback_(percentage);
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/assimp_model_loader.hpp b/library/phx/assimp_model_loader.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0981d61066063a798cc245b20d33e93cd4d1c3df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/assimp_model_loader.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_ASSIMP_MODEL_LOADER_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_ASSIMP_MODEL_LOADER_HPP_
+
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "assimp/Importer.hpp"
+#include "assimp/ProgressHandler.hpp"
+#include "assimp/scene.h"
+
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "glm/glm.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+
+#include "phx/export.hpp"
+#include "phx/material.hpp"
+#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_declaration.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_load_strategy.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT AssimpModelLoader final : public ResourceLoadStrategy {
+ public:
+  AssimpModelLoader();
+  AssimpModelLoader(const AssimpModelLoader&) = delete;
+  AssimpModelLoader(AssimpModelLoader&&) = delete;
+  ~AssimpModelLoader() override;
+
+  AssimpModelLoader& operator=(const AssimpModelLoader&) = delete;
+  AssimpModelLoader& operator=(AssimpModelLoader&&) = delete;
+
+  std::unique_ptr<Resource> Load(const ResourceDeclaration& file_name) override;
+  void SetProgressUpdateCallback(const std::function<void(float)>& callback);
+
+ protected:
+  std::unique_ptr<phx::Mesh> LoadSingleMesh(const aiMesh* mesh);
+  std::unique_ptr<phx::Material> LoadSingleMaterial(
+      const aiMaterial* material, const std::string& filepath);
+
+  std::vector<glm::vec3> LoadVertices(const aiMesh* mesh);
+  std::vector<unsigned int> LoadIndices(const aiMesh* mesh);
+  std::vector<glm::vec3> LoadNormals(const aiMesh* mesh);
+  std::vector<glm::vec3> LoadTangents(const aiMesh* mesh);
+  std::vector<glm::vec3> LoadBitangents(const aiMesh* mesh);
+  std::vector<glm::vec2> LoadTextureCoords(const aiMesh* mesh);
+
+  template <typename FileSourceType>
+  std::vector<glm::vec3> LoadVectorData(FileSourceType* source,
+                                        const std::size_t num_entries);
+
+ private:
+  class AssimpProgressHandler : public Assimp::ProgressHandler {
+   public:
+    bool Update(float percentage) override;
+    AssimpModelLoader* parent_ = nullptr;
+  };
+
+  bool LoadFile(const std::string& filename);
+
+  Assimp::Importer importer_;
+  AssimpProgressHandler progress_handler_;
+  std::string last_loaded_scene_;
+  int last_material_index_ = -1;
+  std::function<void(float)> on_progress_update_callback_;
+};
+
+template <typename FileSourceType>
+std::vector<glm::vec3> phx::AssimpModelLoader::LoadVectorData(
+    FileSourceType* source, const std::size_t num_entries) {
+  std::vector<glm::vec3> result(num_entries);
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_entries; ++i) {
+    result[i] = glm::vec3{static_cast<float>(source[i][0]),
+                          static_cast<float>(source[i][1]),
+                          static_cast<float>(source[i][2])};
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_ASSIMP_MODEL_LOADER_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/blit_pass.cpp b/library/phx/blit_pass.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..61d513bb5cb593fd3b5c9a1c9e6fd9611ef817e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/blit_pass.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "blit_pass.hpp"
+
+#include <memory>
+
+namespace phx {
+
+BlitPass::BlitPass(RenderTarget* render_target)
+    : render_target_(render_target) {}
+
+void BlitPass::Initialize() {
+  default_framebuffer_ = std::make_unique<gl::framebuffer>(0);
+}
+
+void BlitPass::Execute() {
+  const glm::uvec2& dims = render_target_->GetDimensions();
+  const GLint width = static_cast<int>(dims.x);
+  const GLint height = static_cast<int>(dims.y);
+  default_framebuffer_->blit(*render_target_, 0, 0, width, height, 0, 0, width,
+                             height, GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT,
+                             GL_NEAREST);
+}
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/blit_pass.hpp b/library/phx/blit_pass.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c0e4c4244fb3718a0acf5fd7510e9695af21144a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/blit_pass.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_BLIT_PASS_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_BLIT_PASS_HPP_
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "gl/framebuffer.hpp"
+
+#include "phx/export.hpp"
+#include "phx/render_pass.hpp"
+#include "phx/render_target.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT BlitPass : public RenderPass {
+ public:
+  explicit BlitPass(RenderTarget* render_target);
+  BlitPass(const BlitPass&) = default;
+  BlitPass(BlitPass&&) = default;
+
+  BlitPass& operator=(const BlitPass&) = default;
+  BlitPass& operator=(BlitPass&&) = default;
+
+  void Initialize() override;
+  void Execute() override;
+
+ private:
+  RenderTarget* render_target_;
+  std::unique_ptr<gl::framebuffer> default_framebuffer_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_BLIT_PASS_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/clear_pass.cpp b/library/phx/clear_pass.cpp
index f0e25117bf94432f3c046507f0e749df8b6b11d0..6f95bf290a32142c91133e38ae16805e0927f646 100644
--- a/library/phx/clear_pass.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/clear_pass.cpp
@@ -27,9 +27,15 @@
 #include "clear_pass.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
-void ClearPass::SetClearColor(const glm::vec4& color) {
+
+ClearPass::ClearPass(RenderTarget* render_target)
+    : render_target_(render_target) {}
+
+void ClearPass::SetClearColor(const glm::vec4& color) const {
+  render_target_->bind();
   gl::set_clear_color(
       std::array<float, 4>{{color[0], color[1], color[2], color[3]}});
+  render_target_->unbind();
 }
 
 void ClearPass::Initialize() {
@@ -37,6 +43,8 @@ void ClearPass::Initialize() {
 }
 
 void ClearPass::Execute() {
+  render_target_->bind();
   gl::clear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
+  render_target_->unbind();
 }
 }  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/clear_pass.hpp b/library/phx/clear_pass.hpp
index 406b6c139d82c20ead769cf85de06b04f16ece92..415d7e9373f6c753c161ff01c280e72c7fdb05d1 100644
--- a/library/phx/clear_pass.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/clear_pass.hpp
@@ -30,15 +30,26 @@ SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
 
 #include "phx/export.hpp"
 #include "phx/render_pass.hpp"
+#include "phx/render_target.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
 
 class PHOENIX_EXPORT ClearPass : public RenderPass {
  public:
-  void SetClearColor(const glm::vec4& color = glm::vec4(0));
+  explicit ClearPass(RenderTarget* render_target);
+  ClearPass(const ClearPass&) = default;
+  ClearPass(ClearPass&&) = default;
+
+  ClearPass& operator=(const ClearPass&) = default;
+  ClearPass& operator=(ClearPass&&) = default;
+
+  void SetClearColor(const glm::vec4& color = glm::vec4(0)) const;
 
   void Initialize() override;
   void Execute() override;
+
+ private:
+  RenderTarget* render_target_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/display_system.cpp b/library/phx/display_system.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6d70d10bf70d83a7b64afbb87a656de81218aa28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/display_system.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "display_system.hpp"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <memory>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "SDL2/SDL_video.h"
+
+#include "logger.hpp"
+#include "rendering_system.hpp"
+
+#undef CreateWindow
+
+namespace phx {
+DisplaySystem::DisplaySystem(Engine* engine) : System(engine) {
+  if (SDL_VideoInit(nullptr) != 0)
+    throw std::runtime_error(
+        "Unable to initialize SDL video subsystem. Error: " +
+        std::string(SDL_GetError()));
+}
+DisplaySystem::~DisplaySystem() { SDL_VideoQuit(); }
+
+void DisplaySystem::DestroyWindow() {
+  window_.reset();
+  /*windows_.erase(
+      std::remove_if(windows_.begin(), windows_.end(),
+                     [window](const std::unique_ptr<Window>& iteratee) {
+                       return window == iteratee.get();
+                     }));*/
+}
+
+Window* DisplaySystem::GetWindow() {
+  /*std::vector<Window*> windows(windows_.size());
+  std::transform(
+      windows_.begin(), windows_.end(), windows.begin(),
+      [](const std::unique_ptr<Window>& iteratee) { return iteratee.get(); });*/
+  return window_.get();
+}
+
+phx::HMD* DisplaySystem::CreateHMD() {
+  if (hmd_ == nullptr) {
+    hmd_ = std::make_unique<HMD>();
+    CreateWindow("Phoenix HMD Companion", glm::uvec2(10, 10),
+                 hmd_->GetViewportSize());
+  } else {
+    warn("[DisplaySystem] HMD already created, so far only one is supported.");
+  }
+  return hmd_.get();
+}
+
+void DisplaySystem::DestroyHMD() { hmd_.reset(); }
+
+phx::HMD* DisplaySystem::GetHMD() { return hmd_.get(); }
+
+void DisplaySystem::Update(const FrameTimer::TimeInfo&) {
+  if (window_ != nullptr) {
+    window_->Swap();
+  }
+  if (hmd_ != nullptr) {
+    auto rendering_system = engine_->GetSystem<RenderingSystem>();
+    auto left_texture =
+        rendering_system->GetLeftRenderTarget()->GetColorTexture();
+    hmd_->Submit(HMD::LEFT_EYE, left_texture);
+    auto right_texture =
+        rendering_system->GetRightRenderTarget()->GetColorTexture();
+    hmd_->Submit(HMD::RIGHT_EYE, right_texture);
+  }
+}
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/display_system.hpp b/library/phx/display_system.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8a14d3c4c769acd65efc0591cdb688c1a8bbe1ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/display_system.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_DISPLAY_SYSTEM_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_DISPLAY_SYSTEM_HPP_
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "phx/export.hpp"
+#include "phx/hmd.hpp"
+#include "phx/system.hpp"
+#include "phx/window.hpp"
+
+#undef CreateWindow
+
+namespace phx {
+
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT DisplaySystem : public System {
+ public:
+  explicit DisplaySystem(Engine* engine);
+  DisplaySystem(const DisplaySystem&) = delete;
+  DisplaySystem(DisplaySystem&&) = default;
+  ~DisplaySystem();
+
+  DisplaySystem& operator=(const DisplaySystem&) = delete;
+  DisplaySystem& operator=(DisplaySystem&&) = default;
+
+  template <typename... Arguments>
+  Window* CreateWindow(Arguments&&... arguments);
+  void DestroyWindow();
+  Window* GetWindow();
+
+  HMD* CreateHMD();
+  void DestroyHMD();
+  HMD* GetHMD();
+
+  void Update(const FrameTimer::TimeInfo&) override;
+
+ protected:
+  std::unique_ptr<Window> window_;
+  std::unique_ptr<HMD> hmd_;
+};
+
+template <typename... Arguments>
+Window* DisplaySystem::CreateWindow(Arguments&&... arguments) {
+  // Do not use make_unique due to the friendship to Window.
+  window_ = std::unique_ptr<Window>(new Window(arguments...));
+  return window_.get();
+}
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_DISPLAY_SYSTEM_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/engine.cpp b/library/phx/engine.cpp
index a7c8fab15bdfa195f3b34a9621d697edde00ec1a..8af00cb0e73359fa087aff6b521338a2c1a27647 100644
--- a/library/phx/engine.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/engine.cpp
@@ -84,15 +84,6 @@ std::string Engine::ToString() const {
          ", running: " + (is_running_ ? "true" : "false") + ")";
 }
 
-void Engine::MakeWindow() {
-  if (window_ != nullptr) {
-    return;
-  }
-  window_ = std::make_unique<Window>();
-}
-
-phx::Window* Engine::GetWindow() const { return window_.get(); }
-
 const phx::FrameTimer& Engine::GetFrameTimer() { return frame_timer_; }
 
 std::vector<Entity*> Engine::GetEntities() const {
diff --git a/library/phx/engine.hpp b/library/phx/engine.hpp
index 3c2bde6f3eec218b68b33706c8bd3c0f9becd019..21863e82b142a71894d4784f20ca5c1338f4bc56 100644
--- a/library/phx/engine.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/engine.hpp
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@
 #include "phx/loggable.hpp"
 #include "phx/scene.hpp"
 #include "phx/system.hpp"
-#include "phx/window.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
 
@@ -88,9 +87,6 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT Engine final : public Loggable {
   std::string ToString() const override;
   bool IsRunning() const;
 
-  void MakeWindow();
-  Window* GetWindow() const;
-
   void SetScene(const std::shared_ptr<Scene>& new_scene);
   std::shared_ptr<Scene> GetScene() const;
 
@@ -118,7 +114,6 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT Engine final : public Loggable {
 
   std::vector<std::unique_ptr<System>> systems_;
   bool is_running_ = false;
-  std::unique_ptr<Window> window_;
 
   std::shared_ptr<Scene> scene_;
 
diff --git a/library/phx/entity.cpp b/library/phx/entity.cpp
index ef6d862a586ddb48b7fe2468850ae48ebf29acaa..c6183c6d1cfa5cb23cd770af036763251431da9e 100644
--- a/library/phx/entity.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/entity.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,14 @@
 
 namespace phx {
 
+const char RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_HMD[] = "RuntimeEntityHMD";
+const char RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_EYE_LEFT[] = "RuntimeEntityEyeLeft";
+const char RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_EYE_RIGHT[] = "RuntimeEntityEyeRight";
+const char RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_CONTROLLER_LEFT[] =
+    "RuntimeEntityControllerLeft";
+const char RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_CONTROLLER_RIGHT[] =
+    "RuntimeEntityControllerRight";
+
 std::string Entity::ToString() const {
   return GetName() +
          " (Entity, #Components: " + std::to_string(GetNumberOfComponents()) +
diff --git a/library/phx/entity.hpp b/library/phx/entity.hpp
index 9ebd945165e656da71d4dc2627bfc064c2379094..93f19645401f432add2facf1103897e3f529d81e 100644
--- a/library/phx/entity.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/entity.hpp
@@ -39,6 +39,12 @@ namespace phx {
 
 class Scene;  // necessary forward declaration to avoid circular #include
 
+extern const char PHOENIX_EXPORT RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_HMD[];
+extern const char PHOENIX_EXPORT RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_EYE_LEFT[];
+extern const char PHOENIX_EXPORT RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_EYE_RIGHT[];
+extern const char PHOENIX_EXPORT RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_CONTROLLER_LEFT[];
+extern const char PHOENIX_EXPORT RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_CONTROLLER_RIGHT[];
+
 class PHOENIX_EXPORT Entity : public Nameable, public Loggable {
   friend class Scene;
 
diff --git a/library/phx/frame_graph.cpp b/library/phx/frame_graph.cpp
index 4fb59d5635d8beac9c907191b268e9a55aecdff1..567fc6f218bb716961e904049b79fc9c4fc3b38e 100644
--- a/library/phx/frame_graph.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/frame_graph.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 
 #include "phx/clear_pass.hpp"
 #include "phx/geometry_pass.hpp"
-#include "phx/swap_buffers_pass.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
 
@@ -43,11 +42,6 @@ void FrameGraph::Execute() {
   }
 }
 
-void FrameGraph::SetUpAsDefault() {
-  AddRenderPass(std::make_unique<ClearPass>());
-  AddRenderPass(std::make_unique<GeometryPass>());
-  AddRenderPass(std::make_unique<SwapBuffersPass>());
-}
 
 std::size_t FrameGraph::GetNumberOfPasses() { return render_passes_.size(); }
 
diff --git a/library/phx/frame_graph.hpp b/library/phx/frame_graph.hpp
index e021fd526c4fb78f698f3b321240b4124db0864a..0df4ba69c996767fcca631314846c4e47d84ea4f 100644
--- a/library/phx/frame_graph.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/frame_graph.hpp
@@ -44,12 +44,6 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT FrameGraph {
   void Initialize();
   void Execute();
 
-  // sets up a default frame graph containing:
-  //  - Clear Pass
-  //  - Geometry Pass
-  //  - Swap Buffers Pass
-  void SetUpAsDefault();
-
   std::size_t GetNumberOfPasses();
   RenderPass* AddRenderPass(std::unique_ptr<RenderPass> render_pass);
 
diff --git a/library/phx/geometry_pass.cpp b/library/phx/geometry_pass.cpp
index d559068109faa16a95dc8f566d4107438cdbf892..abd442c588c134a4944784f6a3ed455a80a8c66e 100644
--- a/library/phx/geometry_pass.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/geometry_pass.cpp
@@ -33,190 +33,185 @@
 #include "glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp"
 #include "glm/gtx/matrix_operation.hpp"
 
-#include "logger.hpp"
-#include "mesh.hpp"
-#include "transform.hpp"
+#include "phx/logger.hpp"
+#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_proxy.hpp"
+#include "phx/transform.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
+
+GeometryPass::GeometryPass(RenderTarget* render_target)
+    : light_buffer_(gl::buffer()), render_target_(render_target) {}
+
 void GeometryPass::SetData(
     const std::vector<RenderingInstance>& rendering_instances,
-    const std::vector<std::pair<Light*, Transform*>>& light_transform_pairs,
-    const std::vector<std::pair<Projection*, Transform*>>&
-        projection_transform_pairs) {
-  for (std::size_t i = 0; i < rendering_instances.size(); ++i) {
-    if (i >= rendering_resources_.size()) {
-      AddMeshResource();
-      assert(i == rendering_resources_.size() - 1);
+    const std::vector<std::pair<Light*, Transform*>>& light_transform_pairs) {
+  bool needs_mesh_data_upload = false;
+  for (const auto& instance : rendering_instances) {
+    if (mesh_cache_.find(instance.mesh) == mesh_cache_.end()) {
+      needs_mesh_data_upload = true;
+      break;
     }
-    RenderingResource* rendering_resource = rendering_resources_[i].get();
-    const RenderingInstance& rendering_instance = rendering_instances[i];
-
-    std::vector<glm::vec3> vertices;
-    std::vector<glm::vec3> normals;
-    std::vector<unsigned int> indices;
-    CollectMeshData(rendering_instance.mesh, &vertices, &normals, &indices);
-
-    VerifyMeshData(vertices, &normals, indices);
-
-    AssignToResources(rendering_resource, vertices, normals, indices);
-    rendering_resource->draw_count = static_cast<GLsizei>(indices.size());
-    rendering_resource->rendering_instance = rendering_instance;
+  }
+  if (needs_mesh_data_upload) {
+    UploadMeshData(rendering_instances);
   }
 
+  rendering_instances_ = rendering_instances;
   light_transform_pairs_ = light_transform_pairs;
-  projection_transform_pairs_ = projection_transform_pairs;
-}
-
-void GeometryPass::CollectMeshData(Mesh const* mesh,
-                                   std::vector<glm::vec3>* vertices,
-                                   std::vector<glm::vec3>* normals,
-                                   std::vector<unsigned int>* indices) {
-  CollectVertices(mesh, vertices);
-  CollectNormals(mesh, normals);
-  CollectIndices(mesh, indices);
-}
-
-void GeometryPass::CollectVertices(Mesh const* mesh,
-                                   std::vector<glm::vec3>* vertices) {
-  auto& current_vertices = mesh->GetVertices();
-  vertices->insert(vertices->end(), current_vertices.begin(),
-                   current_vertices.end());
-}
-
-void GeometryPass::CollectNormals(Mesh const* mesh,
-                                  std::vector<glm::vec3>* normals) {
-  auto& current_normals = mesh->GetNormals();
-  normals->insert(normals->end(), current_normals.begin(),
-                  current_normals.end());
 }
 
-void GeometryPass::CollectIndices(Mesh const* mesh,
-                                  std::vector<unsigned int>* indices) {
-  auto index_offset = static_cast<unsigned int>(indices->size());
-  auto current_indices = mesh->GetIndices();
-  std::transform(current_indices.begin(), current_indices.end(),
-                 current_indices.begin(),
-                 [&index_offset](const unsigned int& index) {
-                   return index + index_offset;
-                 });
-  indices->insert(indices->end(), current_indices.begin(),
-                  current_indices.end());
-}
+void GeometryPass::UploadMeshData(
+    const std::vector<RenderingInstance>& rendering_instances) {
+  mesh_cache_.clear();
+  RenderOffset offset{0, 0};
+  for (const auto& instance : rendering_instances) {
+    Mesh* mesh = instance.mesh;
+    if (mesh_cache_.find(mesh) != mesh_cache_.end()) {
+      continue;
+    }
 
-void GeometryPass::VerifyMeshData(const std::vector<glm::vec3>& vertices,
-                                  std::vector<glm::vec3>* normals,
-                                  const std::vector<unsigned int>& indices) {
-  // TODO(anyone): should this sanity test stay here, how often will SetData be
-  // called in the future?
-  std::size_t numberVertices = vertices.size();
-  if (numberVertices != normals->size()) {
-    warn(
-        "Not enough normals specified for model. We fill up with default "
-        "normals.");
-    while (numberVertices != normals->size()) {
-      normals->push_back(glm::vec3(0, 0, 1));
+    if (!CheckMeshValidity(mesh))
+      error(
+          "Mesh appears not to be valid(vertex count: {}, normal count: {}, "
+          "tex coords count: {}, index count {}), try to load it anyways!",
+          mesh->GetVertices().size(), mesh->GetNormals().size(),
+          mesh->GetTextureCoords().size(), mesh->GetIndices().size());
+    // TODO(anyone) get the mesh name or id
+
+    if (rendering_resource_->index_buffer_size <=
+            offset.index_offset + mesh->GetIndices().size() ||
+        rendering_resource_->vertex_buffer_size <=
+            offset.vertex_offset + mesh->GetVertices().size()) {
+      error(
+          "The models have more data than reserved space in the buffers, "
+          "resize!");
+      // TODO(anyone) implement a resizing strategy
     }
-  }
-  for (auto index : indices) {
-    if (index >= numberVertices)
-      warn("Mesh contains index {} but only {} vertices.", index,
-           numberVertices);
+
+    rendering_resource_->vertex_buffer.set_sub_data(
+        offset.vertex_offset * sizeof(glm::vec3),
+        mesh->GetVertices().size() * sizeof(glm::vec3),
+        mesh->GetVertices().data());
+    rendering_resource_->normal_buffer.set_sub_data(
+        offset.vertex_offset * sizeof(glm::vec3),
+        mesh->GetNormals().size() * sizeof(glm::vec3),
+        mesh->GetNormals().data());
+    rendering_resource_->tex_coords_buffer.set_sub_data(
+        offset.vertex_offset * sizeof(glm::vec2),
+        mesh->GetTextureCoords().size() * sizeof(glm::vec2),
+        mesh->GetTextureCoords().data());
+
+    std::vector<unsigned int> shifted_indices;
+    shifted_indices.reserve(mesh->GetIndices().size());
+    std::for_each(
+        mesh->GetIndices().begin(), mesh->GetIndices().end(),
+        [&offset, &shifted_indices](unsigned int index) {
+          shifted_indices.push_back(
+              index + static_cast<unsigned int>(offset.vertex_offset));
+        });
+
+    rendering_resource_->index_buffer.set_sub_data(
+        offset.index_offset * sizeof(unsigned int),
+        shifted_indices.size() * sizeof(unsigned int), shifted_indices.data());
+
+    mesh_cache_[mesh] = offset;
+
+    offset.index_offset += mesh->GetIndices().size();
+    offset.vertex_offset += mesh->GetVertices().size();
   }
 }
 
-void GeometryPass::AssignToResources(RenderingResource* renderingResource,
-                                     const std::vector<glm::vec3>& vertices,
-                                     const std::vector<glm::vec3>& normals,
-                                     const std::vector<unsigned int>& indices) {
-  renderingResource->vertex_buffer.set_data(
-      static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(vertices.size() * sizeof(glm::vec3)),
-      vertices.data());
-  renderingResource->normal_buffer.set_data(
-      static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(normals.size() * sizeof(glm::vec3)),
-      normals.data());
-  renderingResource->index_buffer.set_data(
-      static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(indices.size() * sizeof(unsigned int)),
-      indices.data());
+bool GeometryPass::CheckMeshValidity(Mesh* mesh) {
+  return !mesh->GetVertices().empty() &&
+         mesh->GetNormals().size() == mesh->GetVertices().size() &&
+         mesh->GetTextureCoords().size() == mesh->GetVertices().size() &&
+         !mesh->GetIndices().empty();
 }
 
 void GeometryPass::Initialize() {
   SetUpShaders();
-  // one resource is added, since that is the least we will need
-  AddMeshResource();
-}
-
-void GeometryPass::SetUpShaders() {
-  shader_program_ = std::make_unique<ShaderProgram>();
-  shader_program_->LoadAndCompileShadersFromFiles("phong");
-  shader_program_->LinkShaderProgram();
-}
+  CreateRenderingResource();
 
-void GeometryPass::AddMeshResource() {
-  auto rendering_resource = std::make_unique<RenderingResource>();
-  CreateAttachVertexBuffer(rendering_resource.get());
-  CreateAttachNormalBuffer(rendering_resource.get());
-  CreateAttachIndexBuffer(rendering_resource.get());
-
-  rendering_resources_.push_back(std::move(rendering_resource));
+  light_buffer_.set_data((2 * sizeof(glm::vec3) + sizeof(float)) * 512 +
+                         sizeof(GLuint));
 }
 
-void GeometryPass::CreateAttachVertexBuffer(
-    RenderingResource* renderingResource) {
-  constexpr GLuint vertex_attribute_index{0};
-  CreateAttachVertexArrayVertexBuffer(
-      renderingResource, renderingResource->vertex_buffer,
-      vertex_attribute_index, sizeof(glm::vec3));
-}
+void GeometryPass::SetUpShaders() {
+  auto vertex_shader_proxy =
+      phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource("shader/phong.vert");
+  vertex_shader_proxy->Load();
+  auto fragment_shader_proxy =
+      phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource("shader/phong.frag");
+  fragment_shader_proxy->Load();
 
-void GeometryPass::CreateAttachNormalBuffer(
-    RenderingResource* renderingResource) {
-  constexpr GLuint normal_attribute_index{1};
-  CreateAttachVertexArrayVertexBuffer(
-      renderingResource, renderingResource->normal_buffer,
-      normal_attribute_index, sizeof(glm::vec3));
+  shader_program_ = std::make_unique<ShaderProgram>();
+  shader_program_->SetShaderProxy(ShaderProgram::VERTEX, vertex_shader_proxy);
+  shader_program_->SetShaderProxy(ShaderProgram::FRAGMENT,
+                                  fragment_shader_proxy);
+  shader_program_->Link();
 }
 
-void GeometryPass::CreateAttachIndexBuffer(
-    RenderingResource* renderingResource) {
-  renderingResource->vertex_array.set_element_buffer(
-      renderingResource->index_buffer);
+void GeometryPass::CreateRenderingResource() {
+  rendering_resource_ = std::make_unique<RenderingResource>();
+  if (!IsValid()) error("Created Rendering Resource is not valid!");
+
+  // TODO(anyone) what to start with? make it resizeable!!!!
+  const auto sixteen_mb = 16 * 1024 * 1024;
+  rendering_resource_->index_buffer_size = sixteen_mb;
+  rendering_resource_->vertex_buffer_size = sixteen_mb;
+  rendering_resource_->vertex_buffer.set_data(
+      rendering_resource_->vertex_buffer_size * sizeof(glm::vec3));
+  rendering_resource_->normal_buffer.set_data(
+      rendering_resource_->vertex_buffer_size * sizeof(glm::vec3));
+  rendering_resource_->tex_coords_buffer.set_data(
+      rendering_resource_->vertex_buffer_size * sizeof(glm::vec2));
+  rendering_resource_->index_buffer.set_data(
+      rendering_resource_->index_buffer_size * sizeof(unsigned int));
+
+  CreateAttachVertexArrayVertexBuffer(rendering_resource_->vertex_buffer, 0u, 3,
+                                      sizeof(glm::vec3));
+  CreateAttachVertexArrayVertexBuffer(rendering_resource_->normal_buffer, 1u, 3,
+                                      sizeof(glm::vec3));
+  CreateAttachVertexArrayVertexBuffer(rendering_resource_->tex_coords_buffer,
+                                      2u, 2, sizeof(glm::vec2));
+
+  rendering_resource_->vertex_array.set_element_buffer(
+      rendering_resource_->index_buffer);
 }
 
-void GeometryPass::CreateAttachVertexArrayVertexBuffer(
-    RenderingResource* renderingResource, const gl::buffer& buffer,
-    GLuint attribute_index, GLsizei stride) {
-  renderingResource->vertex_array.set_attribute_enabled(attribute_index, true);
-  renderingResource->vertex_array.set_attribute_format(
-      attribute_index, static_cast<GLint>(3), GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE,
-      static_cast<GLint>(0));
-  renderingResource->vertex_array.set_vertex_buffer(attribute_index, buffer, 0,
-                                                    stride);
+void GeometryPass::CreateAttachVertexArrayVertexBuffer(const gl::buffer& buffer,
+                                                       GLuint attribute_index,
+                                                       GLint num_components,
+                                                       GLsizei stride) {
+  rendering_resource_->vertex_array.set_attribute_enabled(attribute_index,
+                                                          true);
+  rendering_resource_->vertex_array.set_attribute_format(
+      attribute_index, num_components, GL_FLOAT);
+  rendering_resource_->vertex_array.set_vertex_buffer(attribute_index, buffer,
+                                                      0, stride);
 }
 
 void GeometryPass::Execute() {
-  for (auto& rendering_resource : rendering_resources_) {
-    BindResources(*rendering_resource);
-    Draw(*rendering_resource);
-    UnbindResources();
+  BindResources();
+  for (const RenderingInstance& instance : rendering_instances_) {
+    Draw(instance);
   }
+  UnbindResources();
 }
 
-void GeometryPass::BindResources(const RenderingResource& rendering_resource) {
-  rendering_resource.vertex_array.bind();
+void GeometryPass::BindResources() {
+  rendering_resource_->vertex_array.bind();
   shader_program_->use();
+  render_target_->bind();
+  light_buffer_.bind_base<GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER>(0);
 }
 
-void GeometryPass::Draw(const RenderingResource& rendering_resource) {
-  glm::mat4 view_matrix, projection_matrix;
-  if (projection_transform_pairs_.size() > 0) {
-    projection_matrix = projection_transform_pairs_[0].first->GetMatrix();
-    view_matrix =
-        glm::inverse(projection_transform_pairs_[0].second->GetLocalMatrix());
-  } else {
-    // they are kept as default identity matrices
-  }
+void GeometryPass::Draw(const RenderingInstance& rendering_instance) {
+  glm::mat4 projection_matrix = render_target_->GetProjection();
+  glm::mat4 view_matrix = render_target_->GetView();
 
-  Transform* transform = rendering_resource.rendering_instance.transform;
+  Transform* transform = rendering_instance.transform;
   glm::mat4 model_matrix;
   if (transform) {
     model_matrix = transform->GetGlobalMatrix();
@@ -225,15 +220,22 @@ void GeometryPass::Draw(const RenderingResource& rendering_resource) {
   SetLightShaderUniforms();
 
   SetTransformShaderUniforms(model_matrix, view_matrix, projection_matrix);
-  SetMaterialShaderUniforms(rendering_resource.rendering_instance.material);
+  SetMaterialShaderUniforms(rendering_instance.material);
 
   glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
-  glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, rendering_resource.draw_count, GL_UNSIGNED_INT,
-                 nullptr);
+  glDrawElements(
+      GL_TRIANGLES,
+      static_cast<GLsizei>(rendering_instance.mesh->GetIndices().size()),
+      GL_UNSIGNED_INT,
+      reinterpret_cast<GLvoid*>(
+          mesh_cache_[rendering_instance.mesh].index_offset *
+          sizeof(unsigned int)));
 }
 
 void GeometryPass::UnbindResources() {
+  render_target_->unbind();
   shader_program_->unuse();
+  light_buffer_.unbind_base<GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER>(0);
   glBindVertexArray(0);
 }
 
@@ -246,24 +248,48 @@ void GeometryPass::SetTransformShaderUniforms(
 }
 
 void GeometryPass::SetLightShaderUniforms() {
-  // set the light, so far only the first is used
-  // TODO(someone) adapt!
-  glm::vec3 light_color(1, 1, 1);
-  glm::vec3 light_dir(0, 0, 1);
-  float light_intensity = 1.0f;
-  if (light_transform_pairs_.size() >= 1) {
-    Light* light = light_transform_pairs_[0].first;
-    Transform* transform = light_transform_pairs_[0].second;
-    light_color = light->GetColor();
-    light_intensity = light->GetIntensity();
-    light_dir = transform->Forward();
+  if (light_transform_pairs_.size() == 0) {
+    warn("No light is given, a default light is used");
+    light_transform_pairs_.push_back(std::make_pair(nullptr, nullptr));
+  }
+
+  const GLuint num_lights = static_cast<GLuint>(light_transform_pairs_.size());
+  light_buffer_.set_sub_data(0, sizeof(num_lights), &num_lights);
+
+  for (auto it_light = light_transform_pairs_.begin();
+       it_light != light_transform_pairs_.end(); ++it_light) {
+    glm::vec3 light_color(1, 1, 1);
+    glm::vec3 light_dir(0, 0, 1);
+    float light_intensity = 1.0f;
+    if (it_light->first != nullptr && it_light->second != nullptr) {
+      Light* light = it_light->first;
+      Transform* transform = it_light->second;
+      light_color = light->GetColor();
+      light_intensity = light->GetIntensity();
+      light_dir = transform->Forward();
+    }
+
+    constexpr GLsizeiptr base_offset =
+        static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(sizeof(glm::vec4));
+    constexpr GLsizeiptr vector_size =
+        static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(sizeof(glm::vec4));
+    constexpr GLsizeiptr entry_size = 3 * vector_size;
+    const GLintptr entry_offset =
+        base_offset + static_cast<GLuint>(std::distance(
+                          light_transform_pairs_.begin(), it_light)) *
+                          entry_size;
+
+    light_buffer_.set_sub_data(entry_offset, sizeof(glm::vec3),
+                               glm::value_ptr(light_dir));
+    light_buffer_.set_sub_data(entry_offset + vector_size, sizeof(glm::vec3),
+                               glm::value_ptr(light_color));
+    light_buffer_.set_sub_data(entry_offset + 2 * vector_size, sizeof(float),
+                               &light_intensity);
   }
-  shader_program_->SetUniform("light.color", light_color);
-  shader_program_->SetUniform("light.intensity", light_intensity);
-  shader_program_->SetUniform("light.direction", light_dir);
 }
 
 void GeometryPass::SetMaterialShaderUniforms(Material* material) {
+  glm::uvec4 texture_toggle(0, 0, 0, 0);
   glm::vec3 ambient_color(1, 0, 0);
   glm::vec3 diffuse_color(1, 0, 0);
   glm::vec3 specular_color(1, 0, 0);
@@ -272,8 +298,27 @@ void GeometryPass::SetMaterialShaderUniforms(Material* material) {
     ambient_color = material->GetAmbientColor();
     diffuse_color = material->GetDiffuseColor();
     specular_color = material->GetSpecularColor();
+
+    texture_toggle =
+        glm::uvec4(material->GetAmbientTexture() != nullptr ? 1u : 0u,
+                   material->GetDiffuseTexture() != nullptr ? 1u : 0u,
+                   material->GetSpecularTexture() != nullptr ? 1u : 0u, 0u);
+    if (material->GetAmbientTexture())
+      shader_program_->set_uniform_handle(
+          shader_program_->uniform_location("material.ambient_tex"),
+          gl::texture_handle(*material->GetAmbientTexture()));
+    if (material->GetDiffuseTexture())
+      shader_program_->set_uniform_handle(
+          shader_program_->uniform_location("material.diffuse_tex"),
+          gl::texture_handle(*material->GetDiffuseTexture()));
+    if (material->GetSpecularTexture())
+      shader_program_->set_uniform_handle(
+          shader_program_->uniform_location("material.specular_tex"),
+          gl::texture_handle(*material->GetSpecularTexture()));
+
     shininess = material->GetShininess();
   }
+  shader_program_->SetUniform("material.texture_toggle", texture_toggle);
   shader_program_->SetUniform("material.ambient", ambient_color);
   shader_program_->SetUniform("material.diffuse", diffuse_color);
   shader_program_->SetUniform("material.specular", specular_color);
@@ -282,21 +327,12 @@ void GeometryPass::SetMaterialShaderUniforms(Material* material) {
 
 bool GeometryPass::IsValid() const {
   bool is_valid = shader_program_->is_valid();
-  for (auto& rendering_resource : rendering_resources_) {
-    is_valid = is_valid && rendering_resource->vertex_array.is_valid() &&
-               rendering_resource->vertex_buffer.is_valid() &&
-               rendering_resource->normal_buffer.is_valid() &&
-               rendering_resource->index_buffer.is_valid();
-  }
+  is_valid = is_valid && rendering_resource_->vertex_array.is_valid() &&
+             rendering_resource_->vertex_buffer.is_valid() &&
+             rendering_resource_->normal_buffer.is_valid() &&
+             rendering_resource_->index_buffer.is_valid();
+
   return is_valid;
 }
 
-std::size_t GeometryPass::GetNumberOfVerticesToDraw() const {
-  std::size_t global_draw_count = 0;
-  for (auto& rendering_resource : rendering_resources_) {
-    global_draw_count +=
-        static_cast<std::size_t>(rendering_resource->draw_count);
-  }
-  return global_draw_count;
-}
 }  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/geometry_pass.hpp b/library/phx/geometry_pass.hpp
index 7a148f1c22c45de87cbceba7fce8adf525568e17..db4007006b820b56af8dfcc81a8a34ab327c7ee6 100644
--- a/library/phx/geometry_pass.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/geometry_pass.hpp
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@
 #ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_GEOMETRY_PASS_HPP_
 #define LIBRARY_PHX_GEOMETRY_PASS_HPP_
 
-#include <algorithm>
 #include <cstddef>
+#include <map>
 #include <memory>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
@@ -36,10 +36,12 @@ SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
 
 #include "phx/export.hpp"
 #include "phx/light.hpp"
-#include "phx/material.hpp"
+#include "phx/material_handle.hpp"
 #include "phx/mesh.hpp"
 #include "phx/projection.hpp"
 #include "phx/render_pass.hpp"
+#include "phx/render_target.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_manager.hpp"
 #include "phx/shader_program.hpp"
 #include "phx/transform.hpp"
 
@@ -49,24 +51,37 @@ SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN_PADDED
 
 class PHOENIX_EXPORT GeometryPass : public RenderPass {
  public:
+  explicit GeometryPass(RenderTarget* render_target);
+  GeometryPass(const GeometryPass&) = default;
+  GeometryPass(GeometryPass&&) = default;
+
+  GeometryPass& operator=(const GeometryPass&) = default;
+  GeometryPass& operator=(GeometryPass&&) = default;
+
   struct RenderingInstance {
     Mesh* mesh = nullptr;
     Material* material = nullptr;
     Transform* transform = nullptr;
   };
+  struct RenderOffset {
+    std::size_t vertex_offset;
+    std::size_t index_offset;
+  };
 
   void SetData(
       const std::vector<RenderingInstance>& rendering_instances,
       const std::vector<std::pair<Light*, Transform*>>& light_transform_pairs =
-          std::vector<std::pair<Light*, Transform*>>(),
-      const std::vector<std::pair<Projection*, Transform*>>&
-          projection_transform_pairs =
-              std::vector<std::pair<Projection*, Transform*>>());
+          std::vector<std::pair<Light*, Transform*>>());
+
+  void UploadMeshData(
+      const std::vector<RenderingInstance>& rendering_instances);
+
+  bool CheckMeshValidity(Mesh* mesh);
+
   void Initialize() override;
   void Execute() override;
 
   bool IsValid() const;
-  std::size_t GetNumberOfVerticesToDraw() const;
 
  private:
   // TODO(@all) Will padding waste too much memory?
@@ -80,39 +95,25 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT GeometryPass : public RenderPass {
     RenderingResource& operator=(const RenderingResource&) = delete;
     RenderingResource& operator=(RenderingResource&&) = default;
 
-    RenderingInstance rendering_instance;
     gl::buffer vertex_buffer;
     gl::buffer normal_buffer;
+    gl::buffer tex_coords_buffer;
     gl::buffer index_buffer;
     gl::vertex_array vertex_array;
-    GLsizei draw_count = 0u;
+
+    unsigned int vertex_buffer_size;
+    unsigned int index_buffer_size;
   };
   SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
 
-  void CollectMeshData(Mesh const* mesh, std::vector<glm::vec3>* vertices,
-                       std::vector<glm::vec3>* normals,
-                       std::vector<unsigned int>* indices);
-  void CollectVertices(Mesh const* mesh, std::vector<glm::vec3>* vertices);
-  void CollectNormals(Mesh const* mesh, std::vector<glm::vec3>* normals);
-  void CollectIndices(Mesh const* mesh, std::vector<unsigned int>* indices);
-  void VerifyMeshData(const std::vector<glm::vec3>& vertices,
-                      std::vector<glm::vec3>* normals,
-                      const std::vector<unsigned int>& indices);
-  void AssignToResources(RenderingResource* renderingResource,
-                         const std::vector<glm::vec3>& vertices,
-                         const std::vector<glm::vec3>& normals,
-                         const std::vector<unsigned int>& indices);
   void SetUpShaders();
-  void AddMeshResource();
-  void CreateAttachVertexBuffer(RenderingResource* renderingResource);
-  void CreateAttachNormalBuffer(RenderingResource* renderingResource);
-  void CreateAttachIndexBuffer(RenderingResource* renderingResource);
-  void CreateAttachVertexArrayVertexBuffer(RenderingResource* renderingResource,
-                                           const gl::buffer& buffer_id,
+  void CreateRenderingResource();
+  void CreateAttachVertexArrayVertexBuffer(const gl::buffer& buffer_id,
                                            GLuint attribute_index,
+                                           GLint num_components,
                                            GLsizei stride);
-  void BindResources(const RenderingResource& rendering_resource);
-  void Draw(const RenderingResource& rendering_resource);
+  void BindResources();
+  void Draw(const RenderingInstance& rendering_instance);
   void UnbindResources();
 
   void SetTransformShaderUniforms(const glm::mat4& model_matrix,
@@ -123,9 +124,13 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT GeometryPass : public RenderPass {
 
   std::unique_ptr<ShaderProgram> shader_program_;
 
-  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<RenderingResource>> rendering_resources_;
+  std::unique_ptr<RenderingResource> rendering_resource_;
+  std::vector<RenderingInstance> rendering_instances_;
   std::vector<std::pair<Light*, Transform*>> light_transform_pairs_;
-  std::vector<std::pair<Projection*, Transform*>> projection_transform_pairs_;
+  gl::buffer light_buffer_;
+
+  std::map<Mesh*, RenderOffset> mesh_cache_;
+  RenderTarget* render_target_;
 };
 
 SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
diff --git a/library/phx/hmd.cpp b/library/phx/hmd.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4ca0cedc90882daa7f38b8ae2d01dfef5351c256
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/hmd.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "hmd.hpp"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <array>
+#include <memory>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "glm/glm.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+
+#include "openvr.h"  //NOLINT
+
+#include "gl/texture.hpp"
+#include "phx/logger.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_manager.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+HMD::HMD() {
+  vr::HmdError hmd_error = vr::VRInitError_None;
+  vr_system_ = vr::VR_Init(&hmd_error, vr::VRApplication_Scene);
+  if (vr_system_ == nullptr || hmd_error != vr::VRInitError_None) {
+    error("HMD cannot be initialized with error-code: {}", hmd_error);
+    throw std::runtime_error("OpenVR cannot be initialized!");
+  }
+
+  uint32_t x, y;
+  vr_system_->GetRecommendedRenderTargetSize(&x, &y);
+  viewport_size_ = glm::uvec2(x, y);
+
+  projection_right_ = GetProjectionMatrixFromOpenVR(vr::Hmd_Eye::Eye_Right);
+  projection_left_ = GetProjectionMatrixFromOpenVR(vr::Hmd_Eye::Eye_Left);
+
+  eye_to_head_right_ = GetEyeToHeadMatrixFromOpenVR(vr::Hmd_Eye::Eye_Right);
+  eye_to_head_left_ = GetEyeToHeadMatrixFromOpenVR(vr::Hmd_Eye::Eye_Left);
+}
+
+HMD::~HMD() { vr::VR_Shutdown(); }
+
+bool HMD::IsHMDPresent() { return vr::VR_IsHmdPresent(); }
+
+void HMD::Submit(Side side, gl::texture_2d* texture) {
+  vr::Texture_t vr_texture = {
+      reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(texture->id())),
+      vr::TextureType_OpenGL, vr::ColorSpace_Gamma};
+  vr::VRCompositor()->Submit(static_cast<vr::EVREye>(side), &vr_texture);
+}
+
+std::vector<vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t> HMD::GetControllerIndices() {
+  std::vector<std::uint32_t> indices(vr::k_unMaxTrackedDeviceCount);
+  vr::VRSystem()->GetSortedTrackedDeviceIndicesOfClass(
+      vr::TrackedDeviceClass_Controller, indices.data(),
+      static_cast<std::uint32_t>(indices.size()));
+  return std::move(indices);
+}
+
+const glm::uvec2& HMD::GetViewportSize() const { return viewport_size_; }
+
+const glm::mat4& HMD::GetProjectionMatrix(Side side) const {
+  if (side == RIGHT_EYE)
+    return projection_right_;
+  else
+    return projection_left_;
+}
+
+const glm::mat4& HMD::GetEyeToHeadMatrix(Side side) const {
+  if (side == RIGHT_EYE)
+    return eye_to_head_right_;
+  else
+    return eye_to_head_left_;
+}
+
+void HMD::UpdateTrackedDevices() {
+  vr::VRCompositor()->WaitGetPoses(tracked_device_poses_,
+                                   vr::k_unMaxTrackedDeviceCount, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+glm::mat4 HMD::GetHeadTransformation() {
+  if (tracked_device_poses_[vr::k_unTrackedDeviceIndex_Hmd].bPoseIsValid) {
+    glm::mat4 head = TransformToGlmMatrix(
+        tracked_device_poses_[vr::k_unTrackedDeviceIndex_Hmd]
+            .mDeviceToAbsoluteTracking);
+    last_head_transformation_ = head;
+    return head;
+  }
+  debug("[HMD] HMD pose is invalid, use the last valid one");
+  return last_head_transformation_;
+}
+
+glm::mat4 HMD::GetTransformationForRole(vr::ETrackedControllerRole role) {
+  auto controller_indices = GetControllerIndices();
+  for (auto i = 0u; i < controller_indices.size(); ++i)
+    if (vr_system_->GetControllerRoleForTrackedDeviceIndex(
+            controller_indices[i]) == role)
+      return TransformToGlmMatrix(tracked_device_poses_[controller_indices[i]]
+                                      .mDeviceToAbsoluteTracking);
+  debug(
+      "[HMD::GetTransformationForRole] Unable to find tranformation for role "
+      "{}",
+      role);
+  return glm::mat4();
+}
+
+glm::mat4 HMD::GetLeftControllerTransformation() {
+  return GetTransformationForRole(vr::TrackedControllerRole_LeftHand);
+}
+
+glm::mat4 HMD::GetRightControllerTransformation() {
+  return GetTransformationForRole(vr::TrackedControllerRole_RightHand);
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<phx::Mesh> HMD::GetControllerMesh(Controller controller) {
+  auto model = GetControllerModel(controller);
+  if (model == nullptr) return nullptr;
+  auto mesh = std::make_unique<phx::Mesh>();
+  std::vector<glm::vec3> vertices;
+  std::vector<glm::vec3> normals;
+  std::vector<glm::vec2> texcoords;
+  for (std::size_t i = 0; i < model->unVertexCount; i++) {
+    vertices.push_back(glm::vec3(model->rVertexData[i].vPosition.v[0],
+                                 model->rVertexData[i].vPosition.v[1],
+                                 model->rVertexData[i].vPosition.v[2]));
+    normals.push_back(glm::vec3(model->rVertexData[i].vNormal.v[0],
+                                model->rVertexData[i].vNormal.v[1],
+                                model->rVertexData[i].vNormal.v[2]));
+    texcoords.push_back(glm::vec2(model->rVertexData[i].rfTextureCoord[0],
+                                  model->rVertexData[i].rfTextureCoord[1]));
+  }
+  std::vector<unsigned int> indices;
+  for (std::size_t i = 0; i < model->unTriangleCount * 3; i++) {
+    indices.push_back(model->rIndexData[i]);
+  }
+  mesh->SetVertices(std::move(vertices));
+  mesh->SetNormals(std::move(normals));
+  mesh->SetTextureCoords(std::move(texcoords));
+  mesh->SetIndices(std::move(indices));
+  return mesh;
+}
+
+vr::RenderModel_t* HMD::GetControllerModel(Controller controller) {
+  std::string rendermodel_name;
+  rendermodel_name.resize(1024);
+  auto controller_indices = GetControllerIndices();
+  for (auto i = 0u; i < controller_indices.size(); ++i) {
+    if (vr_system_->GetControllerRoleForTrackedDeviceIndex(
+            controller_indices[i]) ==
+        static_cast<vr::ETrackedControllerRole>(controller)) {
+      vr::VRSystem()->GetStringTrackedDeviceProperty(
+          controller_indices[i], vr::Prop_RenderModelName_String,
+          &rendermodel_name[0], static_cast<uint32_t>(rendermodel_name.size()));
+    }
+  }
+
+  vr::RenderModel_t* model;
+  while (vr::VRRenderModels()->LoadRenderModel_Async(
+             &rendermodel_name[0], &model) == vr::VRRenderModelError_Loading) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
+  }
+  if (model == nullptr) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  return model;
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<Material> HMD::GetControllerMaterial(Controller controller) {
+  auto model = GetControllerModel(controller);
+  if (model == nullptr) return nullptr;
+
+  auto material = std::make_unique<phx::Material>();
+  material->SetAmbientColor(glm::vec3(0.1, 0.1, 0.1));
+  material->SetSpecularColor(glm::vec3(0.3, 0.3, 0.3));
+
+  auto texture_proxy = ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource(
+      "texture:" + std::to_string(model->diffuseTextureId) + ".openvr");
+  texture_proxy->Load();
+  material->SetDiffuseImage(texture_proxy);
+
+  return material;
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<Image> HMD::GetControllerTexture(int id) {
+  vr::RenderModel_TextureMap_t* texture_map;
+  while (vr::VRRenderModels()->LoadTexture_Async(id, &texture_map) ==
+         vr::VRRenderModelError_Loading) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
+  }
+  if (texture_map == nullptr) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  std::vector<unsigned char> image_data(texture_map->unWidth *
+                                        texture_map->unHeight * 4);
+  std::copy(texture_map->rubTextureMapData,
+            texture_map->rubTextureMapData + image_data.size(),
+            image_data.begin());
+  auto image = std::make_unique<phx::ImageTyped<phx::ImageFormatRGBA>>(
+      texture_map->unWidth, texture_map->unHeight, image_data);
+
+  return image;
+}
+
+glm::mat4 HMD::GetProjectionMatrixFromOpenVR(const vr::Hmd_Eye eye) {
+  const vr::HmdMatrix44_t steamvr_proj_matrix =
+      vr_system_->GetProjectionMatrix(eye, 0.01f, 1000.f);
+
+  return TransformToGlmMatrix(steamvr_proj_matrix);
+}
+
+glm::mat4 HMD::GetEyeToHeadMatrixFromOpenVR(const vr::Hmd_Eye eye) {
+  const vr::HmdMatrix34_t steamvr_eye_head_matrix =
+      vr_system_->GetEyeToHeadTransform(eye);
+
+  return TransformToGlmMatrix(steamvr_eye_head_matrix);
+}
+
+glm::mat4 HMD::TransformToGlmMatrix(const vr::HmdMatrix34_t& mat) {
+  return glm::mat4(mat.m[0][0], mat.m[1][0], mat.m[2][0], 0.0f, mat.m[0][1],
+                   mat.m[1][1], mat.m[2][1], 0.0f, mat.m[0][2], mat.m[1][2],
+                   mat.m[2][2], 0.0f, mat.m[0][3], mat.m[1][3], mat.m[2][3],
+                   1.0f);
+}
+
+glm::mat4 HMD::TransformToGlmMatrix(const vr::HmdMatrix44_t& mat) {
+  return glm::mat4(mat.m[0][0], mat.m[1][0], mat.m[2][0], mat.m[3][0],
+                   mat.m[0][1], mat.m[1][1], mat.m[2][1], mat.m[3][1],
+                   mat.m[0][2], mat.m[1][2], mat.m[2][2], mat.m[3][2],
+                   mat.m[0][3], mat.m[1][3], mat.m[2][3], mat.m[3][3]);
+}
+
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/hmd.hpp b/library/phx/hmd.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5bdab90b619b1141327f0e9b368b743999881479
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/hmd.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_HMD_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_HMD_HPP_
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "glm/mat4x4.hpp"
+#include "glm/vec2.hpp"
+
+#include "openvr.h"  //NOLINT
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+
+#include "phx/export.hpp"
+#include "phx/material.hpp"
+#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
+
+#include "gl/texture.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT HMD {
+ public:
+  HMD();
+  ~HMD();
+  HMD(const HMD&) = delete;
+  HMD(HMD&&) = default;
+
+  HMD& operator=(const HMD&) = delete;
+  HMD& operator=(HMD&&) = default;
+
+  enum Side {
+    RIGHT_EYE = vr::EVREye::Eye_Right,
+    LEFT_EYE = vr::EVREye::Eye_Left
+  };
+
+  enum Controller {
+    RIGHT_CONTROLLER = vr::TrackedControllerRole_RightHand,
+    LEFT_CONTROLLER = vr::TrackedControllerRole_LeftHand
+  };
+
+  const glm::uvec2& GetViewportSize() const;
+
+  const glm::mat4& GetProjectionMatrix(Side side) const;
+  const glm::mat4& GetEyeToHeadMatrix(Side side) const;
+
+  void UpdateTrackedDevices();
+  glm::mat4 GetHeadTransformation();
+  glm::mat4 GetLeftControllerTransformation();
+  glm::mat4 GetRightControllerTransformation();
+
+  std::unique_ptr<Mesh> GetControllerMesh(Controller controller);
+  std::unique_ptr<Material> GetControllerMaterial(Controller controller);
+  std::unique_ptr<Image> GetControllerTexture(int id);
+
+  static bool IsHMDPresent();
+
+  void Submit(Side side, gl::texture_2d* texture);
+
+  std::vector<vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t> GetControllerIndices();
+
+ private:
+  glm::mat4 GetTransformationForRole(vr::ETrackedControllerRole role);
+
+  glm::mat4 GetProjectionMatrixFromOpenVR(const vr::Hmd_Eye eye);
+  glm::mat4 GetEyeToHeadMatrixFromOpenVR(const vr::Hmd_Eye eye);
+
+  vr::RenderModel_t* GetControllerModel(Controller controller);
+
+  static glm::mat4 TransformToGlmMatrix(const vr::HmdMatrix34_t& mat);
+  static glm::mat4 TransformToGlmMatrix(const vr::HmdMatrix44_t& mat);
+
+  vr::IVRSystem* vr_system_;
+  glm::uvec2 viewport_size_;
+
+  glm::mat4 projection_right_;
+  glm::mat4 projection_left_;
+  glm::mat4 eye_to_head_right_;
+  glm::mat4 eye_to_head_left_;
+
+  vr::TrackedDevicePose_t tracked_device_poses_
+      [vr::k_unMaxTrackedDeviceCount];  // NOLINT(runtime/arrays)
+
+  glm::mat4 last_head_transformation_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_HMD_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/image.cpp b/library/phx/image.cpp
index df8e56e7daedeae1699cf0460a10d67a3a91b680..e752a2e15abd53aaf8d00e7d9d6a22b4400826c0 100644
--- a/library/phx/image.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/image.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
 #include <cmath>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "phx/logger.hpp"
 
 namespace {
 // local class that takes care of initializing freeimage only once,
@@ -59,6 +62,10 @@ namespace phx {
 Image::Image(std::size_t width, std::size_t height)
     : width_(width), height_(height) {}
 
+Image::Image(std::size_t width, std::size_t height,
+             const std::vector<unsigned char>& buffer)
+    : width_(width), height_(height), buffer_(buffer) {}
+
 std::unique_ptr<Image> Image::CreateEmptyImage(std::size_t width,
                                                std::size_t height,
                                                std::size_t bytes_per_pixel) {
@@ -142,6 +149,11 @@ std::unique_ptr<Image> Image::Load(const std::string& filename,
   if (format == FIF_UNKNOWN) return nullptr;
   // load as FIBITMAP
   FIBITMAP* bitmap = FreeImage_Load(format, filename.c_str(), flags);
+  bitmap = FreeImage_ConvertTo32Bits(bitmap);
+  if (bitmap == nullptr) {
+    phx::warn("Failed to load bitmap from {}!", filename);
+    return nullptr;
+  }
   // get dimensions
   std::size_t width = static_cast<std::size_t>(FreeImage_GetWidth(bitmap));
   std::size_t height = static_cast<std::size_t>(FreeImage_GetHeight(bitmap));
diff --git a/library/phx/image.hpp b/library/phx/image.hpp
index f345be2f8b157be85342afd6e7430bde77bae85d..a25b150a07587a4ae9ad54997b74d5e5a2173219 100644
--- a/library/phx/image.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/image.hpp
@@ -23,6 +23,11 @@
 #ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_IMAGE_HPP_
 #define LIBRARY_PHX_IMAGE_HPP_
 
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#define NOMINMAX
+#include <windows.h>
+#endif  // _WIN32
+
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
@@ -31,9 +36,10 @@
 
 #include "phx/export.hpp"
 #include "phx/loggable.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
-class PHOENIX_EXPORT Image : public Loggable {
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT Image : public Resource, public Loggable {
  public:
   enum ImageSaveFlags {
     ISF_DEFAULT = 0,
@@ -121,6 +127,8 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT Image : public Loggable {
 
   Image() = delete;
   Image(std::size_t width, std::size_t height);
+  Image(std::size_t width, std::size_t height,
+        const std::vector<unsigned char>& buffer);
   Image(const Image&) = default;
   Image(Image&&) = default;
   virtual ~Image() = default;
@@ -213,6 +221,8 @@ template <typename T>
 class PHOENIX_EXPORT ImageTyped : public Image {
  public:
   ImageTyped(std::size_t width, std::size_t height);
+  ImageTyped(std::size_t width, std::size_t height,
+             const std::vector<unsigned char>& buffer);
   ImageTyped(const ImageTyped&) = default;
   ImageTyped(ImageTyped&&) = default;
   ~ImageTyped() = default;
@@ -220,7 +230,7 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT ImageTyped : public Image {
   ImageTyped& operator=(const ImageTyped&) = default;
   ImageTyped& operator=(ImageTyped&&) = default;
 
-  std::size_t GetBytesPerPixel() const override;
+  std::size_t GetBytesPerPixel() const override { return sizeof(T); }
   inline T GetPixel(std::size_t x, std::size_t y) const {
     const T* pixel_pointer =
         reinterpret_cast<const T*>(&buffer_[(y * width_ + x) * sizeof(T)]);
@@ -250,10 +260,15 @@ phx::ImageTyped<T>::ImageTyped(std::size_t width, std::size_t height)
   // allocate space
   buffer_.resize(width * height * sizeof(T));
 }
-
 template <typename T>
-std::size_t phx::ImageTyped<T>::GetBytesPerPixel() const {
-  return sizeof(T);
+phx::ImageTyped<T>::ImageTyped(std::size_t width, std::size_t height,
+                               const std::vector<unsigned char>& buffer)
+    : Image(width, height, buffer) {
+  static_assert(std::is_base_of<phx::ImageFormat, T>::value,
+                "Image format must derive from phx::ImageFormat.");
+
+  // allocate space
+  buffer_.resize(width * height * sizeof(T));
 }
 
 template <typename T>
diff --git a/library/phx/image_loader.cpp b/library/phx/image_loader.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3818b1250036fb68946acd71f347d28a34dbe464
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/image_loader.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "phx/image_loader.hpp"
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "phx/image.hpp"
+#include "phx/resources_path.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+std::unique_ptr<Resource> ImageLoader::Load(
+    const ResourceDeclaration& filename) {
+  return Image::Load(resources_root + filename)->Convert<ImageFormatRGBA>();
+}
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/image_loader.hpp b/library/phx/image_loader.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..017d7aa3ad643ff99560993509d55cfc1c6caae2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/image_loader.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_IMAGE_LOADER_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_IMAGE_LOADER_HPP_
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "phx/resource_load_strategy.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+class ImageLoader final : public ResourceLoadStrategy {
+ public:
+  ImageLoader() = default;
+  ImageLoader(const ImageLoader &) = delete;
+  ImageLoader(ImageLoader &&) = delete;
+  ~ImageLoader() = default;
+
+  ImageLoader &operator=(const ImageLoader &) = delete;
+  ImageLoader &operator=(ImageLoader &&) = delete;
+
+  std::unique_ptr<Resource> Load(const ResourceDeclaration &filename) override;
+};
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_IMAGE_LOADER_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/input_system.cpp b/library/phx/input_system.cpp
index 69e89cf70a10aa784f22185656a7652cbabda129..046e535ef239fbe3ac50ad09a0a6e2e00f05241a 100644
--- a/library/phx/input_system.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/input_system.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 #include "input_system.hpp"
 
 #include <string>
+#include "logger.hpp"
+#include "rendering_system.hpp"
 
 SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
 #include "SDL.h"
@@ -36,32 +38,7 @@ InputSystem::InputSystem(Engine* engine) : System(engine) {
 InputSystem::~InputSystem() { SDL_QuitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_EVENTS); }
 
 void InputSystem::Update(const FrameTimer::TimeInfo&) {
-  SDL_Event event;
-  while (SDL_PollEvent(&event) != 0) {
-    switch (event.type) {
-      case SDL_QUIT:
-        quit_signal_();
-        break;
-      case SDL_KEYDOWN:
-        key_press_signal_(static_cast<char>(event.key.keysym.sym));
-        break;
-      case SDL_KEYUP:
-        key_release_signal_(static_cast<char>(event.key.keysym.sym));
-        break;
-      case SDL_MOUSEMOTION:
-        mouse_move_signal_(static_cast<unsigned int>(event.motion.xrel),
-                           static_cast<unsigned int>(event.motion.yrel));
-        break;
-      case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
-        mouse_press_signal_(event.button.button);
-        break;
-      case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP:
-        mouse_release_signal_(event.button.button);
-        break;
-      default:
-        break;
-    }
-  }
+  UpdateSDLEvents();
 }
 
 boost::signals2::connection InputSystem::AddQuitCallback(
@@ -96,4 +73,33 @@ boost::signals2::connection InputSystem::AddMouseReleaseCallback(
 
 std::string InputSystem::ToString() const { return "InputSystem"; }
 
+void InputSystem::UpdateSDLEvents() {
+  SDL_Event event;
+  while (SDL_PollEvent(&event) != 0) {
+    switch (event.type) {
+      case SDL_QUIT:
+        quit_signal_();
+        break;
+      case SDL_KEYDOWN:
+        key_press_signal_(static_cast<char>(event.key.keysym.sym));
+        break;
+      case SDL_KEYUP:
+        key_release_signal_(static_cast<char>(event.key.keysym.sym));
+        break;
+      case SDL_MOUSEMOTION:
+        mouse_move_signal_(static_cast<unsigned int>(event.motion.xrel),
+                           static_cast<unsigned int>(event.motion.yrel));
+        break;
+      case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
+        mouse_press_signal_(event.button.button);
+        break;
+      case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP:
+        mouse_release_signal_(event.button.button);
+        break;
+      default:
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 }  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/input_system.hpp b/library/phx/input_system.hpp
index 46fbac9af3268abb29396ead4ebbab60f9a50319..53b06edd4fcdc45bb6e3a0bea974dd16668bc3af 100644
--- a/library/phx/input_system.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/input_system.hpp
@@ -69,6 +69,8 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT InputSystem : public System {
   friend InputSystem* Engine::CreateSystem<InputSystem>();
   explicit InputSystem(Engine* engine);
 
+  void UpdateSDLEvents();
+
   // TODO(@tvierjahn) check if Wpadded is here only emitted by some clang
   // versions.
   // There will be only one input system.Padding will not waste
diff --git a/library/phx/material.cpp b/library/phx/material.cpp
index 4144669fe56ac8b6d0a6a8a8d149396a65472723..92e870696abc14eb917a36de96e8921fdaadc960 100644
--- a/library/phx/material.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/material.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 #include "material.hpp"
 
-#include <iostream>
+#include <memory>
 #include <string>
 
 #include "logger.hpp"
@@ -30,31 +30,78 @@
 namespace phx {
 
 glm::vec3 Material::GetDiffuseColor() const { return diffuse_color_; }
-
 void Material::SetDiffuseColor(glm::vec3 color) { diffuse_color_ = color; }
 
-glm::vec3 Material::GetAmbientColor() const { return ambient_color_; }
+ResourceProxy* Material::GetDiffuseImage() const { return diffuse_image_; }
+void Material::SetDiffuseImage(ResourceProxy* image) { diffuse_image_ = image; }
 
+gl::texture_2d* Material::GetDiffuseTexture() {
+  if (diffuse_image_ && !diffuse_texture_)
+    SetTexture(diffuse_image_->GetAs<phx::Image>(), &diffuse_texture_);
+  return diffuse_texture_.get();
+}
+
+glm::vec3 Material::GetAmbientColor() const { return ambient_color_; }
 void Material::SetAmbientColor(glm::vec3 color) { ambient_color_ = color; }
 
-glm::vec3 Material::GetSpecularColor() const { return specular_color_; }
+ResourceProxy* Material::GetAmbientImage() const { return ambient_image_; }
+void Material::SetAmbientImage(ResourceProxy* image) { ambient_image_ = image; }
+
+gl::texture_2d* Material::GetAmbientTexture() {
+  if (ambient_image_ && !ambient_texture_)
+    SetTexture(ambient_image_->GetAs<phx::Image>(), &ambient_texture_);
+  return ambient_texture_.get();
+}
 
+glm::vec3 Material::GetSpecularColor() const { return specular_color_; }
 void Material::SetSpecularColor(glm::vec3 color) { specular_color_ = color; }
 
-float Material::GetShininess() const { return shininess_; }
+ResourceProxy* Material::GetSpecularImage() const { return specular_image_; }
+void Material::SetSpecularImage(ResourceProxy* image) {
+  specular_image_ = image;
+}
+
+gl::texture_2d* Material::GetSpecularTexture() {
+  if (specular_image_ && !specular_texture_)
+    SetTexture(specular_image_->GetAs<phx::Image>(), &specular_texture_);
+  return specular_texture_.get();
+}
 
+float Material::GetShininess() const { return shininess_; }
 void Material::SetShininess(float shininess) {
-  if (shininess > 0.0f) {
+  if (shininess >= 0.0f) {
     shininess_ = shininess;
   } else {
     info(
-        "WARNING: Shininess values <=0.0 are not allowed, value of {} is not "
-        "set!",
+        "WARNING: Shininess values < 0.0 are not allowed, desired value of {} "
+        "has not been set!",
         shininess);
   }
 }
 
-std::string Material::ToString() const {
-  return GetName() + " (MaterialComponent)";
+const std::string& Material::GetName() const { return name_; }
+void Material::SetName(const std::string& name) { name_ = name; }
+
+void Material::SetTexture(Image* image,
+                          std::shared_ptr<gl::texture_2d>* texture) {
+  if (!image) return;
+  if (*texture && (*texture)->is_valid()) {
+    gl::texture_handle handle(*texture->get());
+    handle.set_resident(false);
+  }
+  (*texture) = std::make_shared<gl::texture_2d>();
+  (*texture)->set_min_filter(GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR);
+  (*texture)->set_mag_filter(GL_LINEAR);
+  (*texture)->set_wrap_s(GL_REPEAT);
+  (*texture)->set_wrap_t(GL_REPEAT);
+  (*texture)->set_storage(8, GL_RGBA8, static_cast<GLsizei>(image->GetWidth()),
+                          static_cast<GLsizei>(image->GetHeight()));
+  (*texture)->set_sub_image(0, 0, 0, static_cast<GLsizei>(image->GetWidth()),
+                            static_cast<GLsizei>(image->GetHeight()), GL_RGBA,
+                            GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, image->GetDataPointer());
+  (*texture)->generate_mipmap();
+  gl::texture_handle handle(*texture->get());
+  handle.set_resident(true);
 }
+
 }  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/material.hpp b/library/phx/material.hpp
index 2a06fda26bbe1b86fc0065f50948b2c8b48a078d..6ab47d3936f5a118d49d5366c1248208b15cf3d3 100644
--- a/library/phx/material.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/material.hpp
@@ -23,40 +23,70 @@
 #ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_MATERIAL_HPP_
 #define LIBRARY_PHX_MATERIAL_HPP_
 
+#include <memory>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
 SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "gl/texture.hpp"
+#include "gl/texture_handle.hpp"
 #include "glm/vec3.hpp"
 SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
 
-#include "phx/component.hpp"
 #include "phx/export.hpp"
-#include "phx/nameable.hpp"
+#include "phx/image.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_proxy.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
 
-class PHOENIX_EXPORT Material : public Component, public Nameable {
+// TODO(acd): Move render backend specific functionality out.
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT Material : public Resource {
  public:
   glm::vec3 GetDiffuseColor() const;
   void SetDiffuseColor(glm::vec3 color);
 
+  ResourceProxy* GetDiffuseImage() const;
+  void SetDiffuseImage(ResourceProxy* proxy);
+
+  gl::texture_2d* GetDiffuseTexture();
+
   glm::vec3 GetAmbientColor() const;
   void SetAmbientColor(glm::vec3 color);
 
+  ResourceProxy* GetAmbientImage() const;
+  void SetAmbientImage(ResourceProxy* proxy);
+
+  gl::texture_2d* GetAmbientTexture();
+
   glm::vec3 GetSpecularColor() const;
   void SetSpecularColor(glm::vec3 color);
 
+  ResourceProxy* GetSpecularImage() const;
+  void SetSpecularImage(ResourceProxy* image);
+
+  gl::texture_2d* GetSpecularTexture();
+
   float GetShininess() const;
   void SetShininess(float shininess);
 
-  std::string ToString() const override;
+  const std::string& GetName() const;
+  void SetName(const std::string& name);
 
  private:
+  void SetTexture(Image* image, std::shared_ptr<gl::texture_2d>* texture);
+
   glm::vec3 ambient_color_ = glm::vec3(0, 0, 0);
   glm::vec3 diffuse_color_ = glm::vec3(1, 0, 0);
   glm::vec3 specular_color_ = glm::vec3(1, 1, 1);
+  ResourceProxy* ambient_image_ = nullptr;
+  ResourceProxy* diffuse_image_ = nullptr;
+  ResourceProxy* specular_image_ = nullptr;
+  std::shared_ptr<gl::texture_2d> ambient_texture_ = nullptr;
+  std::shared_ptr<gl::texture_2d> diffuse_texture_ = nullptr;
+  std::shared_ptr<gl::texture_2d> specular_texture_ = nullptr;
   float shininess_ = 1.0f;
+  std::string name_ = "UnnamedMaterial";
 };
 
 }  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/output_system.cpp b/library/phx/material_handle.cpp
similarity index 59%
rename from library/phx/output_system.cpp
rename to library/phx/material_handle.cpp
index b4ed71834cd1e86831f3020ad849e19da90c3e61..6b440f1934f109446ba40ff8a359bbcd77e50e57 100644
--- a/library/phx/output_system.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/material_handle.cpp
@@ -20,34 +20,28 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-#include "output_system.hpp"
+#include "material_handle.hpp"
 
+#include <iostream>
 #include <string>
 
-#include "phx/engine.hpp"
-#include "phx/entity.hpp"
-#include "phx/logger.hpp"
-#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
-#include "phx/transform.hpp"
+#include "logger.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
 
-OutputSystem::OutputSystem(Engine* engine) : System(engine) {}
-
-void OutputSystem::Update(const FrameTimer::TimeInfo&) {
-  info("{}\n", *GetEngine()->GetScene());
-  for (Entity* entity : GetEngine()->GetEntities()) {
-    info("\t{}\n", *entity);
-    Transform* transform = entity->GetFirstComponent<Transform>();
-    if (transform != nullptr) {
-      info("\t\t{}\n", *transform);
-    }
-    Mesh* mesh = entity->GetFirstComponent<Mesh>();
-    if (mesh != nullptr) {
-      info("\t\t{}\n", *mesh);
-    }
-  }
+void MaterialHandle::SetMaterialProxy(ResourceProxy* proxy) {
+  material_proxy_ = proxy;
 }
 
-std::string OutputSystem::ToString() const { return "TextOutputSystem"; }
+phx::ResourceProxy* MaterialHandle::GetMaterialProxy() const {
+  return material_proxy_;
+}
+
+phx::Material* MaterialHandle::GetMaterial() const {
+  return material_proxy_->GetAs<phx::Material>();
+}
+
+std::string MaterialHandle::ToString() const {
+  return GetName() + " (MaterialComponent)";
+}
 }  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/output_system.hpp b/library/phx/material_handle.hpp
similarity index 63%
rename from library/phx/output_system.hpp
rename to library/phx/material_handle.hpp
index 625966d4e5e7728251eca46aaad8dbfd13a3ddde..be74d424ab0c89bbac7c17d2e087999116d08c9c 100644
--- a/library/phx/output_system.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/material_handle.hpp
@@ -20,37 +20,37 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_OUTPUT_SYSTEM_HPP_
-#define LIBRARY_PHX_OUTPUT_SYSTEM_HPP_
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_MATERIAL_HANDLE_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_MATERIAL_HANDLE_HPP_
 
 #include <string>
+#include <vector>
 
-#include "phx/engine.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "glm/vec3.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+
+#include "phx/component.hpp"
 #include "phx/export.hpp"
-#include "phx/scene.hpp"
-#include "phx/system.hpp"
+#include "phx/material.hpp"
+#include "phx/nameable.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_proxy.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
 
-class PHOENIX_EXPORT OutputSystem : public System {
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT MaterialHandle : public Component, public Nameable {
  public:
-  OutputSystem() = delete;
-  OutputSystem(const OutputSystem&) = delete;
-  OutputSystem(OutputSystem&&) = default;
-  ~OutputSystem() = default;
+  void SetMaterialProxy(ResourceProxy* proxy);
+  ResourceProxy* GetMaterialProxy() const;
 
-  void Update(const FrameTimer::TimeInfo&) override;
+  Material* GetMaterial() const;
 
   std::string ToString() const override;
 
-  OutputSystem& operator=(const OutputSystem&) = delete;
-  OutputSystem& operator=(OutputSystem&&) = default;
-
  private:
-  friend OutputSystem* Engine::CreateSystem<OutputSystem>();
-  explicit OutputSystem(Engine* engine);
+  ResourceProxy* material_proxy_ = nullptr;
 };
 
 }  // namespace phx
 
-#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_OUTPUT_SYSTEM_HPP_
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_MATERIAL_HANDLE_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/mesh.cpp b/library/phx/mesh.cpp
index 65af1afc9f438368b24c48e1f69cd6637c84af50..dd5c0c16ec77638d26cc9e9cde212c2c15557e9f 100644
--- a/library/phx/mesh.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/mesh.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include "mesh.hpp"
 
 #include <string>
+#include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "glm/vec2.hpp"
@@ -30,47 +31,45 @@
 
 namespace phx {
 
-void Mesh::SetVertices(const std::vector<glm::vec3>& vertices) {
-  vertices_ = vertices;
+void Mesh::SetVertices(std::vector<glm::vec3>&& vertices) {
+  vertices_ = std::move(vertices);
 }
 
 const std::vector<glm::vec3>& Mesh::GetVertices() const { return vertices_; }
 
-void Mesh::SetNormals(const std::vector<glm::vec3>& normals) {
-  normals_ = normals;
-}
-const std::vector<glm::vec3>& Mesh::GetNormals() const { return normals_; }
+std::size_t Mesh::GetNumberOfVertices() const { return vertices_.size(); }
 
-void Mesh::SetTexcoords(const std::vector<glm::vec2>& texcoords) {
-  texcoords_ = texcoords;
+void Mesh::SetNormals(std::vector<glm::vec3>&& normals) {
+  normals_ = std::move(normals);
 }
-const std::vector<glm::vec2>& Mesh::GetTexcoords() const { return texcoords_; }
 
-void Mesh::SetTangents(const std::vector<glm::vec3>& tangents) {
-  tangents_ = tangents;
+const std::vector<glm::vec3>& Mesh::GetNormals() const { return normals_; }
+
+void Mesh::SetTangents(std::vector<glm::vec3>&& tangents) {
+  tangents_ = std::move(tangents);
 }
 const std::vector<glm::vec3>& Mesh::GetTangents() const { return tangents_; }
 
-void Mesh::SetBitangents(const std::vector<glm::vec3>& bitangents) {
-  bitangents_ = bitangents;
+void Mesh::SetBitangents(std::vector<glm::vec3>&& bitangents) {
+  bitangents_ = std::move(bitangents);
 }
+
 const std::vector<glm::vec3>& Mesh::GetBitangents() const {
   return bitangents_;
 }
 
-void Mesh::SetIndices(const std::vector<unsigned int>& indices) {
-  indices_ = indices;
+void Mesh::SetTextureCoords(std::vector<glm::vec2>&& tcoords) {
+  texture_coords_ = std::move(tcoords);
+}
+
+const std::vector<glm::vec2>& Mesh::GetTextureCoords() const {
+  return texture_coords_;
 }
-const std::vector<unsigned int>& Mesh::GetIndices() const { return indices_; }
 
-std::string Mesh::ToString() const {
-  return GetName() + " (MeshComponent" +
-         " #Vertices: " + std::to_string(vertices_.size()) +
-         " #Normals: " + std::to_string(normals_.size()) +
-         " #TexCoords: " + std::to_string(texcoords_.size()) +
-         " #Tangents: " + std::to_string(tangents_.size()) +
-         " #Bitangents: " + std::to_string(bitangents_.size()) +
-         " #Indices: " + std::to_string(indices_.size()) + ")";
+void Mesh::SetIndices(std::vector<unsigned int>&& indices) {
+  indices_ = std::move(indices);
 }
 
+const std::vector<unsigned int>& Mesh::GetIndices() const { return indices_; }
+
 }  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/mesh.hpp b/library/phx/mesh.hpp
index b45e98f945aa16d375efc0a8d6b5ef0499c23994..51d3b17aae229ce51ab635b701afc844e335c16f 100644
--- a/library/phx/mesh.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/mesh.hpp
@@ -30,40 +30,47 @@ SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
 #include "glm/glm.hpp"
 SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
 
-#include "phx/component.hpp"
 #include "phx/export.hpp"
-#include "phx/nameable.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
 
-class PHOENIX_EXPORT Mesh : public Component, public Nameable {
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT Mesh : public Resource {
  public:
-  void SetVertices(const std::vector<glm::vec3>& vertices);
-  const std::vector<glm::vec3>& GetVertices() const;
+  Mesh() = default;
+  Mesh(const Mesh &) = default;
+  Mesh(Mesh &&) = default;
 
-  void SetNormals(const std::vector<glm::vec3>& normals);
-  const std::vector<glm::vec3>& GetNormals() const;
+  ~Mesh() override = default;
 
-  void SetTexcoords(const std::vector<glm::vec2>& texcoords);
-  const std::vector<glm::vec2>& GetTexcoords() const;
+  Mesh &operator=(const Mesh &) = default;
+  Mesh &operator=(Mesh &&) = default;
 
-  void SetTangents(const std::vector<glm::vec3>& tangents);
-  const std::vector<glm::vec3>& GetTangents() const;
+  void SetVertices(std::vector<glm::vec3> &&vertices);
+  const std::vector<glm::vec3> &GetVertices() const;
+  std::size_t GetNumberOfVertices() const;
 
-  void SetBitangents(const std::vector<glm::vec3>& bitangents);
-  const std::vector<glm::vec3>& GetBitangents() const;
+  void SetNormals(std::vector<glm::vec3> &&normals);
+  const std::vector<glm::vec3> &GetNormals() const;
 
-  void SetIndices(const std::vector<unsigned int>& indices);
-  const std::vector<unsigned int>& GetIndices() const;
+  void SetTangents(std::vector<glm::vec3> &&tangents);
+  const std::vector<glm::vec3> &GetTangents() const;
 
-  std::string ToString() const override;
+  void SetBitangents(std::vector<glm::vec3> &&bitangents);
+  const std::vector<glm::vec3> &GetBitangents() const;
+
+  void SetTextureCoords(std::vector<glm::vec2> &&tcoords);
+  const std::vector<glm::vec2> &GetTextureCoords() const;
+
+  void SetIndices(std::vector<unsigned int> &&indices);
+  const std::vector<unsigned int> &GetIndices() const;
 
  private:
   std::vector<glm::vec3> vertices_;
   std::vector<glm::vec3> normals_;
-  std::vector<glm::vec2> texcoords_;
   std::vector<glm::vec3> tangents_;
   std::vector<glm::vec3> bitangents_;
+  std::vector<glm::vec2> texture_coords_;
   std::vector<unsigned int> indices_;
 };
 
diff --git a/library/phx/mesh_handle.cpp b/library/phx/mesh_handle.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bf028ecfcc969126d09f0c8045cb66cd70c3318d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/mesh_handle.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualisation Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#include "mesh_handle.hpp"
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_proxy.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+void MeshHandle::SetMeshProxy(ResourceProxy* proxy) { mesh_proxy_ = proxy; }
+
+phx::ResourceProxy* MeshHandle::GetMeshProxy() const { return mesh_proxy_; }
+
+phx::Mesh* MeshHandle::GetMesh() const {
+  return mesh_proxy_->GetAs<phx::Mesh>();
+}
+
+std::string MeshHandle::ToString() const {
+  if (mesh_proxy_ == nullptr) return GetName() + " (MeshHandle <empty>)";
+
+  auto mesh = this->GetMesh();
+  return GetName() + " (MeshHandle" +
+         " #Vertices: " + std::to_string(mesh->GetVertices().size()) +
+         " #Normals: " + std::to_string(mesh->GetNormals().size()) +
+         " #TexCoords: " + std::to_string(mesh->GetTextureCoords().size()) +
+         " #Tangents: " + std::to_string(mesh->GetTangents().size()) +
+         " #Bitangents: " + std::to_string(mesh->GetBitangents().size()) +
+         " #Indices: " + std::to_string(mesh->GetIndices().size()) + ")";
+}
+
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/mesh_handle.hpp b/library/phx/mesh_handle.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e07bc228ab70683c19f344bda8ef09d4ee96a6f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/mesh_handle.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualisation Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_MESH_HANDLE_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_MESH_HANDLE_HPP_
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "phx/component.hpp"
+#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
+#include "phx/nameable.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_proxy.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+/**
+ * A component holding a simple pointer to a mesh
+ */
+class MeshHandle : public Component, public Nameable {
+ public:
+  MeshHandle() = default;
+  MeshHandle(const MeshHandle&) = default;
+  MeshHandle(MeshHandle&&) = default;
+  ~MeshHandle() = default;
+
+  MeshHandle& operator=(const MeshHandle&) = default;
+  MeshHandle& operator=(MeshHandle&&) = default;
+
+  void SetMeshProxy(ResourceProxy* proxy);
+  ResourceProxy* GetMeshProxy() const;
+
+  Mesh* GetMesh() const;
+
+  std::string ToString() const override;
+
+ protected:
+ private:
+  ResourceProxy* mesh_proxy_{nullptr};
+};
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_MESH_HANDLE_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/model.cpp b/library/phx/model.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..657409b1eb5dfd69edd94f7ec01f6b17b0c6aed3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/model.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "model.hpp"
+
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace phx {
+
+const std::vector<phx::ResourceProxy*>& Model::GetMeshes() const {
+  return mesh_proxies_;
+}
+
+void Model::AddMesh(ResourceProxy* mesh) { mesh_proxies_.push_back(mesh); }
+
+const std::vector<phx::ResourceProxy*>& Model::GetMaterials() const {
+  return material_proxies_;
+}
+
+void Model::AddMaterial(ResourceProxy* material) {
+  material_proxies_.push_back(material);
+}
+
+phx::ResourceProxy* Model::GetMaterialForMesh(ResourceProxy* mesh) const {
+  auto it = material_by_mesh_.find(mesh);
+  if (it == material_by_mesh_.end()) return nullptr;
+  return it->second;
+}
+
+void Model::SetMaterialForMesh(ResourceProxy* mesh, ResourceProxy* material) {
+  material_by_mesh_[mesh] = material;
+}
+
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/model.hpp b/library/phx/model.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..383b445ac906f33e15c365eb96931798e41ab26f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/model.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_MODEL_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_MODEL_HPP_
+
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include "resource_proxy.hpp"
+
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "glm/glm.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+
+#include "phx/export.hpp"
+#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT Model : public Resource {
+ public:
+  Model() = default;
+  Model(const Model&) = default;
+  Model(Model&&) = default;
+
+  ~Model() override = default;
+
+  Model& operator=(const Model&) = default;
+  Model& operator=(Model&&) = default;
+
+  const std::vector<phx::ResourceProxy*>& GetMeshes() const;
+  void AddMesh(ResourceProxy* mesh);
+
+  const std::vector<phx::ResourceProxy*>& GetMaterials() const;
+  void AddMaterial(ResourceProxy* material);
+
+  ResourceProxy* GetMaterialForMesh(ResourceProxy* mesh) const;
+  void SetMaterialForMesh(ResourceProxy* mesh, ResourceProxy* material);
+
+ private:
+  std::vector<ResourceProxy*> mesh_proxies_;
+  std::vector<ResourceProxy*> material_proxies_;
+  std::map<ResourceProxy*, ResourceProxy*> material_by_mesh_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_MODEL_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/opengl_image_buffer_data.cpp b/library/phx/opengl_image_buffer_data.cpp
index 10b8cd0e9198b68606ce6d4f89b55ba7ebdc417d..18cf57938928218ca49e463d2ffa3d7b5f1d835f 100644
--- a/library/phx/opengl_image_buffer_data.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/opengl_image_buffer_data.cpp
@@ -26,8 +26,6 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 
-#include "image.hpp"
-
 namespace phx {
 
 template <>
diff --git a/library/phx/opengl_image_buffer_data.hpp b/library/phx/opengl_image_buffer_data.hpp
index 0712988f60cb23ac2a398ddaa3c4b4f9d1c4ff13..531869bf09e78727fceaca657b4de54712059247 100644
--- a/library/phx/opengl_image_buffer_data.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/opengl_image_buffer_data.hpp
@@ -49,12 +49,10 @@ struct PHOENIX_EXPORT OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB
   unsigned char g_;
   unsigned char b_;
   static std::string GetFormatString() { return "RGB"; }
-
-  OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB operator-(
-      const OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB& other) const {
-    return OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB(r_ - other.r_, g_ - other.g_,
-                                         b_ - other.b_);
+  static OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB GetMaxValue() {
+    return {255, 255, 255};
   }
+  static OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB GetMinValue() { return {0, 0, 0}; }
 };
 
 struct PHOENIX_EXPORT OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA
@@ -68,12 +66,10 @@ struct PHOENIX_EXPORT OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA
   unsigned char b_;
   unsigned char a_;
   static std::string GetFormatString() { return "RGBA"; }
-
-  OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA operator-(
-      const OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA& other) const {
-    return OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA(r_ - other.r_, g_ - other.g_,
-                                          b_ - other.b_, a_ - other.a_);
+  static OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA GetMaxValue() {
+    return {255, 255, 255, 255};
   }
+  static OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA GetMinValue() { return {0, 0, 0, 0}; }
 };
 
 struct PHOENIX_EXPORT OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32
@@ -82,10 +78,11 @@ struct PHOENIX_EXPORT OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32
   explicit OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32(float f) : value_(f) {}
   float value_;
   static std::string GetFormatString() { return "Float"; }
-
-  OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32 operator-(
-      const OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32& other) const {
-    return OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32(value_ - other.value_);
+  static OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32 GetMaxValue() {
+    return OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32(1.f);
+  }
+  static OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32 GetMinValue() {
+    return OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32(0.f);
   }
 };
 
@@ -96,28 +93,41 @@ struct PHOENIX_EXPORT OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte
       : value_(value) {}
   unsigned char value_;
   static std::string GetFormatString() { return "Byte"; }
-
-  OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte operator-(
-      const OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte& other) const {
-    return OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte(value_ - other.value_);
+  static OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte GetMaxValue() {
+    return OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte(255);
+  }
+  static OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte GetMinValue() {
+    return OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte(0);
   }
 };
 
-inline PHOENIX_EXPORT double L2Norm(OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB datum) {
-  return sqrt(datum.r_ * datum.r_ + datum.g_ * datum.g_ + datum.b_ * datum.b_);
+inline PHOENIX_EXPORT double PixelDistance(
+    OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32 a, OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32 b) {
+  return std::abs(static_cast<double>(a.value_ - b.value_));
 }
 
-inline PHOENIX_EXPORT double L2Norm(OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA datum) {
-  return sqrt(datum.r_ * datum.r_ + datum.g_ * datum.g_ + datum.b_ * datum.b_ +
-              datum.a_ * datum.a_);
+inline PHOENIX_EXPORT double PixelDistance(OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte a,
+                                           OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte b) {
+  return std::abs(static_cast<double>(a.value_) -
+                  static_cast<double>(b.value_));
 }
 
-inline PHOENIX_EXPORT double L2Norm(OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte datum) {
-  return std::abs(static_cast<double>(datum.value_));
+inline PHOENIX_EXPORT double PixelDistance(OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB a,
+                                           OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB b) {
+  const double diffR = a.r_ - b.r_;
+  const double diffG = a.g_ - b.g_;
+  const double diffB = a.b_ - b.b_;
+  return std::sqrt(diffR * diffR + diffG * diffG + diffB * diffB);
 }
 
-inline PHOENIX_EXPORT double L2Norm(OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32 datum) {
-  return std::abs(static_cast<double>(datum.value_));
+inline PHOENIX_EXPORT double PixelDistance(OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA a,
+                                           OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA b) {
+  const double diffR = a.r_ - b.r_;
+  const double diffG = a.g_ - b.g_;
+  const double diffB = a.b_ - b.b_;
+  const double diffA = a.a_ - b.a_;
+  return std::sqrt(diffR * diffR + diffG * diffG + diffB * diffB +
+                   diffA * diffA);
 }
 
 template <typename T>
@@ -185,6 +195,11 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT OpenGLImageBufferData {
             buffer_data_ != other.buffer_data_);
   }
 
+  static std::unique_ptr<
+      OpenGLImageBufferData<OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32>>
+  CreateDifferenceMagnitudeBuffer(const OpenGLImageBufferData<T>& first,
+                                  const OpenGLImageBufferData<T>& second);
+
  private:
   std::size_t width_;
   std::size_t height_;
@@ -192,6 +207,36 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT OpenGLImageBufferData {
   std::vector<unsigned char> buffer_data_;
 };
 
+template <typename T>
+std::unique_ptr<phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32>>
+phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<T>::CreateDifferenceMagnitudeBuffer(
+    const OpenGLImageBufferData<T>& first,
+    const OpenGLImageBufferData<T>& second) {
+  if (first.GetWidth() != second.GetWidth() ||
+      first.GetHeight() != second.GetHeight())
+    return nullptr;
+
+  // create new buffer
+  auto diff = std::make_unique<
+      OpenGLImageBufferData<OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32>>(
+      first.GetWidth(), first.GetHeight());
+  // compute each pixel as the pixel distance, normalized by the max possible
+  // distance
+  double maxdist = phx::PixelDistance(T::GetMaxValue(), T::GetMinValue());
+  for (std::size_t y = 0; y < first.GetHeight(); ++y) {
+    for (std::size_t x = 0; x < first.GetWidth(); ++x) {
+      double dist =
+          phx::PixelDistance(first.GetPixel(x, y), second.GetPixel(x, y)) /
+          maxdist;
+      diff->SetPixel(
+          x, y,
+          phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32(static_cast<float>(dist)));
+    }
+  }
+
+  return diff;
+}
+
 template <>
 void phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB>::ReadColorPixels(
     bool read_front_buffer);
diff --git a/library/phx/openvr_mesh_loader.cpp b/library/phx/openvr_mesh_loader.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..db7fa66081279a43804326152382b126202ac8d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/openvr_mesh_loader.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "openvr_mesh_loader.hpp"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "boost/lexical_cast.hpp"
+
+#include "material.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+OpenvrMeshLoader::OpenvrMeshLoader(HMD *hmd) : hmd_(hmd) {}
+
+std::unique_ptr<phx::Resource> OpenvrMeshLoader::Load(
+    const ResourceDeclaration &file_name) {
+  std::string name = file_name.substr(0, file_name.rfind('.'));
+  HMD::Controller controller = HMD::Controller::LEFT_CONTROLLER;
+  if (name == "controller_left") {
+    controller = HMD::Controller::LEFT_CONTROLLER;
+  } else if (name == "controller_right") {
+    controller = HMD::Controller::RIGHT_CONTROLLER;
+  } else if (name == "material") {
+    return hmd_->GetControllerMaterial(controller);
+  } else if (name.find("texture:") != std::string::npos) {
+    return hmd_->GetControllerTexture(boost::lexical_cast<int>(name.substr(8)));
+  } else {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  auto resource = hmd_->GetControllerMesh(controller);
+  return resource;
+}
+
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/openvr_mesh_loader.hpp b/library/phx/openvr_mesh_loader.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..646df8553e77f97eba54797a8963113ea0df569b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/openvr_mesh_loader.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_OPENVR_MESH_LOADER_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_OPENVR_MESH_LOADER_HPP_
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "glm/glm.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+
+#include "phx/export.hpp"
+#include "phx/hmd.hpp"
+#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_declaration.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_load_strategy.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+class Mesh;
+
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT OpenvrMeshLoader final : public ResourceLoadStrategy {
+ public:
+  explicit OpenvrMeshLoader(HMD *hmd);
+  OpenvrMeshLoader(const OpenvrMeshLoader &) = delete;
+  OpenvrMeshLoader(OpenvrMeshLoader &&) = delete;
+  ~OpenvrMeshLoader() override = default;
+
+  OpenvrMeshLoader &operator=(const OpenvrMeshLoader &) = delete;
+  OpenvrMeshLoader &operator=(OpenvrMeshLoader &&) = delete;
+
+  std::unique_ptr<Resource> Load(const ResourceDeclaration &file_name) override;
+
+ private:
+  HMD *hmd_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_OPENVR_MESH_LOADER_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/render_target.cpp b/library/phx/render_target.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..17a2c6c5469eb7cda956f27eed118d9072054453
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/render_target.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "render_target.hpp"
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "gl/command_execution.hpp"
+
+#include "phx/logger.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+phx::RenderTarget::RenderTarget(const glm::uvec2 dimensions)
+    : framebuffer(), dimensions_(dimensions) {
+  bind();
+
+  color_texture_ = std::make_unique<gl::texture_2d>();
+  color_texture_->bind();
+  const GLint width = static_cast<GLint>(dimensions.x);
+  const GLint height = static_cast<GLint>(dimensions.y);
+  color_texture_->set_storage(1, GL_RGB8, width, height);
+  gl::print_error("OpenGl Error creating Render Target Color Texture: ");
+
+  attach_texture<GL_TEXTURE_2D>(GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, *color_texture_, 0);
+  color_texture_->unbind();
+
+  depth_texture_ = std::make_unique<gl::texture_2d>();
+  depth_texture_->bind();
+  depth_texture_->set_storage(1, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT24, width, height);
+  gl::print_error("OpenGl Error creating Render Target Depth Texture: ");
+
+  attach_texture<GL_TEXTURE_2D>(GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, *depth_texture_, 0);
+  depth_texture_->unbind();
+
+  if (!is_valid() || !is_complete()) {
+    gl::print_error("OpenGl Error creating Render Target: ");
+    error(
+        "[RenderTarget] Unable to create render target, status: {}, valid: {}",
+        status(), is_valid());
+    throw std::runtime_error("Framebuffer creation failed.");
+  }
+
+  unbind();
+}
+
+const glm::uvec2& RenderTarget::GetDimensions() const { return dimensions_; }
+
+const glm::mat4& RenderTarget::GetProjection() const { return projection_; }
+
+void RenderTarget::SetProjection(const glm::mat4& matrix) {
+  projection_ = matrix;
+}
+
+const glm::mat4& RenderTarget::GetView() const { return view_; }
+
+void RenderTarget::SetView(const glm::mat4& matrix) { view_ = matrix; }
+
+gl::texture_2d* RenderTarget::GetColorTexture() const {
+  return color_texture_.get();
+}
+
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/render_target.hpp b/library/phx/render_target.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..24a87c1490bc14bb72f78676854501470ffd80d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/render_target.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_RENDER_TARGET_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_RENDER_TARGET_HPP_
+
+#include <memory>
+
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "glm/mat4x4.hpp"
+#include "glm/vec2.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "gl/framebuffer.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+#include "gl/renderbuffer.hpp"
+#include "gl/texture.hpp"
+
+#include "phx/export.hpp"
+#include "phx/hmd.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN_PADDED
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT RenderTarget : public gl::framebuffer {
+ public:
+  explicit RenderTarget(const glm::uvec2 dimensions);
+  RenderTarget(RenderTarget&) = delete;
+  RenderTarget(RenderTarget&&) = default;
+  ~RenderTarget() = default;
+
+  RenderTarget& operator=(const RenderTarget&) = delete;
+  RenderTarget& operator=(RenderTarget&&) = default;
+
+  const glm::uvec2& GetDimensions() const;
+
+  const glm::mat4& GetProjection() const;
+  void SetProjection(const glm::mat4& matrix);
+
+  const glm::mat4& GetView() const;
+  void SetView(const glm::mat4& matrix);
+
+  gl::texture_2d* GetColorTexture() const;
+
+ private:
+  std::unique_ptr<gl::texture_2d> color_texture_;
+  std::unique_ptr<gl::texture_2d> depth_texture_;
+
+  glm::uvec2 dimensions_;
+  glm::mat4 projection_;
+  glm::mat4 view_;
+};
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_RENDER_TARGET_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/rendering_system.cpp b/library/phx/rendering_system.cpp
index c92c7baf962d81b49ffd9d51058dd8f8b26c249b..bdc240d2ebfb01773fd36cf8b9e2c68b45b892e7 100644
--- a/library/phx/rendering_system.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/rendering_system.cpp
@@ -29,15 +29,17 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "blit_pass.hpp"
 #include "clear_pass.hpp"
+#include "display_system.hpp"
 #include "engine.hpp"
 #include "light.hpp"
 #include "logger.hpp"
-#include "material.hpp"
+#include "material_handle.hpp"
 #include "mesh.hpp"
+#include "mesh_handle.hpp"
 #include "projection.hpp"
 #include "scene.hpp"
-#include "swap_buffers_pass.hpp"
 #include "system.hpp"
 #include "transform.hpp"
 
@@ -45,23 +47,72 @@
 
 namespace phx {
 
-RenderingSystem::RenderingSystem(Engine* engine, Window* window)
-    : System(engine), window_(window) {}
+RenderingSystem::RenderingSystem(Engine* engine) : System(engine) {}
 
 void RenderingSystem::Initialize() {
   if (!gl::initialize()) {
     error("Initializing gl failed");
   }
-  std::string prefix = "OpenGl Error: ";
+  std::string prefix = "[RenderingSystem] OpenGl Error: ";
   gl::print_error(prefix.c_str());
 
+  InitializeRenderTargets();
+
+  SetupFramegraph();
+}
+
+void RenderingSystem::InitializeRenderTargets() {
+  const auto displaySystem = engine_->GetSystem<DisplaySystem>();
+  if (displaySystem == nullptr) {
+    error(
+        "The Rendering System cannot be initialized without a display system");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // TODO(all) Support multiple windows and HMD?
+  if (displaySystem->GetHMD() != nullptr) {
+    HMD* hmd = displaySystem->GetHMD();
+    right_render_target_ =
+        std::make_unique<RenderTarget>(hmd->GetViewportSize());
+    left_render_target_ =
+        std::make_unique<RenderTarget>(hmd->GetViewportSize());
+  } else if (displaySystem->GetWindow() != nullptr) {
+    auto window = displaySystem->GetWindow();
+    window_render_target_ = std::make_unique<RenderTarget>(window->GetSize());
+  }
+}
+
+void RenderingSystem::SetupFramegraph() {
   frame_graph_ = std::make_unique<FrameGraph>();
-  frame_graph_->AddRenderPass(std::make_unique<ClearPass>());
-  geometry_pass_ = static_cast<GeometryPass*>(
-      frame_graph_->AddRenderPass(std::make_unique<GeometryPass>()));
-  SwapBuffersPass* swap_buffer_pass = static_cast<SwapBuffersPass*>(
-      frame_graph_->AddRenderPass(std::make_unique<SwapBuffersPass>()));
-  swap_buffer_pass->SetWindow(window_);
+
+  if (right_render_target_ != nullptr && left_render_target_ != nullptr) {
+    frame_graph_->AddRenderPass(
+        std::make_unique<ClearPass>(right_render_target_.get()));
+    frame_graph_->AddRenderPass(
+        std::make_unique<ClearPass>(left_render_target_.get()));
+    auto geometry_pass = static_cast<GeometryPass*>(frame_graph_->AddRenderPass(
+        std::make_unique<GeometryPass>(right_render_target_.get())));
+    geometry_passes_.push_back(geometry_pass);
+    geometry_pass = static_cast<GeometryPass*>(frame_graph_->AddRenderPass(
+        std::make_unique<GeometryPass>(left_render_target_.get())));
+    geometry_passes_.push_back(geometry_pass);
+
+    frame_graph_->AddRenderPass(
+        std::make_unique<BlitPass>(right_render_target_.get()));
+  } else if (window_render_target_ != nullptr) {
+    frame_graph_->AddRenderPass(
+        std::make_unique<ClearPass>(window_render_target_.get()));
+    auto geometry_pass = static_cast<GeometryPass*>(frame_graph_->AddRenderPass(
+        std::make_unique<GeometryPass>(window_render_target_.get())));
+    geometry_passes_.push_back(geometry_pass);
+    frame_graph_->AddRenderPass(
+        std::make_unique<BlitPass>(window_render_target_.get()));
+  } else {
+    error(
+        "[RenderingSystem] No Render Targets are defined, so no framegraph "
+        "will be created.");
+    return;
+  }
 
   frame_graph_->Initialize();
 }
@@ -75,15 +126,31 @@ void RenderingSystem::Update(const FrameTimer::TimeInfo&) {
     return;
   }
 
+  // TODO(@all) refactor this part, once there is a way to get entities by name
   for (auto& entity : GetEngine()->GetEntities()) {
-    auto mesh = entity->GetFirstComponent<Mesh>();
+    if (entity->GetName() == "RuntimeEntityEyeLeft") {
+      left_render_target_->SetView(
+          inverse(entity->GetFirstComponent<Transform>()->GetGlobalMatrix()));
+    }
+    if (entity->GetName() == "RuntimeEntityEyeRight") {
+      right_render_target_->SetView(
+          inverse(entity->GetFirstComponent<Transform>()->GetGlobalMatrix()));
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (auto& entity : GetEngine()->GetEntities()) {
+    auto mesh_handle = entity->GetFirstComponent<MeshHandle>();
     auto light = entity->GetFirstComponent<Light>();
     auto projection = entity->GetFirstComponent<Projection>();
     auto transform = entity->GetFirstComponent<Transform>();
-    auto material = entity->GetFirstComponent<Material>();
+    auto material_handle = entity->GetFirstComponent<MaterialHandle>();
     if (transform != nullptr) {
-      if (mesh != nullptr) {
-        rendering_instances.push_back({mesh, material, transform});
+      if (mesh_handle != nullptr) {
+        Material* material = nullptr;
+        if (material_handle != nullptr)
+          material = material_handle->GetMaterial();
+        rendering_instances.push_back(
+            {mesh_handle->GetMesh(), material, transform});
       } else if (light != nullptr) {
         light_transform_pairs.push_back(
             std::pair<Light*, Transform*>(light, transform));
@@ -93,9 +160,23 @@ void RenderingSystem::Update(const FrameTimer::TimeInfo&) {
       }
     }
   }
-  if (geometry_pass_ != nullptr) {
-    geometry_pass_->SetData(rendering_instances, light_transform_pairs,
-                            projection_transform_pairs);
+  for (auto geometry_pass : geometry_passes_) {
+    geometry_pass->SetData(rendering_instances, light_transform_pairs);
+  }
+
+  HMD* hmd = engine_->GetSystem<DisplaySystem>()->GetHMD();
+  if (left_render_target_ != nullptr) {
+    left_render_target_->SetProjection(hmd->GetProjectionMatrix(HMD::LEFT_EYE));
+  }
+  if (right_render_target_ != nullptr) {
+    right_render_target_->SetProjection(
+        hmd->GetProjectionMatrix(HMD::RIGHT_EYE));
+  }
+  if (window_render_target_ != nullptr && !projection_transform_pairs.empty()) {
+    window_render_target_->SetProjection(
+        projection_transform_pairs[0].first->GetMatrix());
+    window_render_target_->SetView(
+        glm::inverse(projection_transform_pairs[0].second->GetGlobalMatrix()));
   }
 
   frame_graph_->Execute();
@@ -110,4 +191,12 @@ std::string RenderingSystem::ToString() const {
          std::to_string(frame_graph_->GetNumberOfPasses());
 }
 
+phx::RenderTarget* RenderingSystem::GetRightRenderTarget() const {
+  return right_render_target_.get();
+}
+
+phx::RenderTarget* RenderingSystem::GetLeftRenderTarget() const {
+  return left_render_target_.get();
+}
+
 }  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/rendering_system.hpp b/library/phx/rendering_system.hpp
index 6f9808a900955ef9623f94d1eb75aa9905548702..89571e9195ed736c8fbc377bdf6d46f98933c025 100644
--- a/library/phx/rendering_system.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/rendering_system.hpp
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@
 #include "phx/export.hpp"
 #include "phx/frame_graph.hpp"
 #include "phx/geometry_pass.hpp"
+#include "phx/render_target.hpp"
 #include "phx/scene.hpp"
 #include "phx/system.hpp"
-#include "phx/window.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
 
@@ -55,14 +55,24 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT RenderingSystem : public System {
   RenderingSystem& operator=(const RenderingSystem&) = delete;
   RenderingSystem& operator=(RenderingSystem&&) = default;
 
+  RenderTarget* GetRightRenderTarget() const;
+  RenderTarget* GetLeftRenderTarget() const;
+
  private:
-  friend RenderingSystem* Engine::CreateSystem<RenderingSystem, Window*>(
-      Window*&&);
-  explicit RenderingSystem(Engine* engine, Window* window);
+  void InitializeRenderTargets();
+  void SetupFramegraph();
+
+  friend RenderingSystem* Engine::CreateSystem<RenderingSystem>();
+  explicit RenderingSystem(Engine* engine);
 
-  Window* window_;
-  GeometryPass* geometry_pass_ = nullptr;
   std::unique_ptr<FrameGraph> frame_graph_;
+
+  // either window_render_target or the other two are nullptr
+  std::unique_ptr<RenderTarget> right_render_target_;
+  std::unique_ptr<RenderTarget> left_render_target_;
+  std::unique_ptr<RenderTarget> window_render_target_;
+
+  std::vector<GeometryPass*> geometry_passes_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/resource.hpp b/library/phx/resource.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..42f6bf74ebc770693c0bce1737b179d9a9c16f7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/resource.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_RESOURCE_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_RESOURCE_HPP_
+
+namespace phx {
+/**
+ * Resource serves as a base class for all resources handled by the
+ * ResourceManager. It does not implement any logic in itself.
+ */
+class Resource {
+ public:
+  virtual ~Resource() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  Resource() = default;
+  Resource(const Resource &) = default;
+  Resource(Resource &&) = default;
+
+  Resource &operator=(const Resource &) = default;
+  Resource &operator=(Resource &&) = default;
+};
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_RESOURCE_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/resource_declaration.hpp b/library/phx/resource_declaration.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9b7f20914fff4f621694a574697859b2e2c28065
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/resource_declaration.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_RESOURCE_DECLARATION_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_RESOURCE_DECLARATION_HPP_
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace phx {
+// @TODO: Replace resource declaration by something more sensible once it is
+// available.
+using ResourceDeclaration = std::string;
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_RESOURCE_DECLARATION_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/resource_load_strategy.hpp b/library/phx/resource_load_strategy.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a38974174753998d834838d4547c31786d029b59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/resource_load_strategy.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_RESOURCE_LOAD_STRATEGY_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_RESOURCE_LOAD_STRATEGY_HPP_
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "resource.hpp"
+#include "resource_declaration.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+/**
+ * ResourceLoadStrategy serves as an interface for all load strategies that are
+ * used to obtain resources. Derived classes have to implement the pure virtual
+ * Load interface.
+ */
+class ResourceLoadStrategy {
+ public:
+  ResourceLoadStrategy() = default;
+  ResourceLoadStrategy(const ResourceLoadStrategy &) = delete;
+  ResourceLoadStrategy(ResourceLoadStrategy &&) = delete;
+  virtual ~ResourceLoadStrategy() = default;
+
+  ResourceLoadStrategy &operator=(const ResourceLoadStrategy &) = delete;
+  ResourceLoadStrategy &operator=(ResourceLoadStrategy &&) = delete;
+
+  virtual std::unique_ptr<Resource> Load(
+      const ResourceDeclaration &declaration) = 0;
+
+ protected:
+ private:
+};
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_RESOURCE_LOAD_STRATEGY_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/resource_manager.cpp b/library/phx/resource_manager.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b90b633f35a48b9a2edeb9cf96c2bbecb3bad0ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/resource_manager.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#include "resource_manager.hpp"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "phx/assimp_model_loader.hpp"
+#include "phx/image_loader.hpp"
+#include "phx/shader_loader.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+ResourceManager::ResourceManager() {
+  // per convention over configuration, we register default extensions here.
+  this->RegisterMeshResourceExtensions();
+  this->RegisterShaderResourceExtensions();
+  this->RegisterImageResourceExtensions();
+}
+
+void ResourceManager::RegisterResourceType(
+    const std::string &file_extension,
+    std::unique_ptr<ResourceLoadStrategy> loader) {
+  // we intentionally overwrite loaders if they exist (assuming the caller
+  // knows what she's doing).
+  loaders_[file_extension] = std::move(loader);
+}
+
+phx::ResourceProxy *ResourceManager::DeclareResource(
+    const ResourceDeclaration &declaration) {
+  auto resource_hash = std::hash<std::string>{}(declaration);
+
+  auto resource_entry = resources_.find(resource_hash);
+  if (resource_entry != resources_.end()) {
+    return resource_entry->second.get();
+  }
+
+  auto entry = resources_.insert(std::make_pair(
+      resource_hash, std::make_unique<ResourceProxy>(this, declaration)));
+  return entry.first->second.get();
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<phx::Resource> ResourceManager::Load(
+    const ResourceDeclaration &declaration) {
+  auto loader = this->DetermineLoaderFromFileExtension(declaration);
+  if (loader == nullptr) return nullptr;
+  return loader->Load(declaration);
+}
+
+phx::ResourceLoadStrategy *ResourceManager::DetermineLoaderFromFileExtension(
+    const std::string &file_name) const {
+  auto extension = this->ExtractFileExtension(file_name);
+
+  auto loader_iterator = loaders_.find(extension);
+  if (loader_iterator == loaders_.end()) {
+    phx::warn("No matching loader for file extension {}", extension);
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  return loader_iterator->second.get();
+}
+
+std::string ResourceManager::ExtractFileExtension(
+    const std::string &file_name) const {
+  return file_name.substr(file_name.rfind('.'));
+}
+
+void ResourceManager::RegisterMeshResourceExtensions() {
+  this->RegisterResourceType(".obj", std::make_unique<AssimpModelLoader>());
+}
+
+void ResourceManager::RegisterShaderResourceExtensions() {
+  this->RegisterResourceType(".frag", std::make_unique<ShaderLoader>());
+  this->RegisterResourceType(".vert", std::make_unique<ShaderLoader>());
+  this->RegisterResourceType(".geom", std::make_unique<ShaderLoader>());
+  this->RegisterResourceType(".tesc", std::make_unique<ShaderLoader>());
+  this->RegisterResourceType(".tese", std::make_unique<ShaderLoader>());
+  this->RegisterResourceType(".comp", std::make_unique<ShaderLoader>());
+}
+
+void ResourceManager::RegisterImageResourceExtensions() {
+  this->RegisterResourceType(".jpg", std::make_unique<ImageLoader>());
+  this->RegisterResourceType(".png", std::make_unique<ImageLoader>());
+}
+
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/resource_manager.hpp b/library/phx/resource_manager.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..064d5a95f65e3b1dd5458bff87deb67b4ba80523
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/resource_manager.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality&  Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_RESOURCE_MANAGER_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_RESOURCE_MANAGER_HPP_
+
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "phx/export.hpp"
+#include "phx/logger.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_declaration.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_load_strategy.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_proxy.hpp"
+#include "phx/singleton.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+/**
+ *  The ResourceManager is the central instance for the management of all
+ *  externally provided content, aka resources. Resources have to be declared
+ *  first before being available in the system.
+ */
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT ResourceManager final : public singleton<ResourceManager> {
+ public:
+  // intentionally limit access to the load logic only through the ResourceProxy
+  friend void ResourceProxy::Load();
+
+  ~ResourceManager() = default;
+
+  void RegisterResourceType(const std::string& file_extension,
+                            std::unique_ptr<ResourceLoadStrategy> loader);
+
+  ResourceProxy* DeclareResource(const ResourceDeclaration& declaration);
+
+ protected:
+  friend ResourceManager& phx::singleton<ResourceManager>::instance<>();
+  ResourceManager();
+  ResourceManager(const ResourceManager&) = delete;
+  ResourceManager(ResourceManager&&) = delete;
+
+  ResourceManager& operator=(const ResourceManager&) = delete;
+  ResourceManager& operator=(ResourceManager&&) = delete;
+
+  std::unique_ptr<Resource> Load(const ResourceDeclaration& declaration);
+
+  ResourceLoadStrategy* DetermineLoaderFromFileExtension(
+      const std::string& file_name) const;
+
+  std::string ExtractFileExtension(const std::string& file_name) const;
+
+ private:
+  void RegisterShaderResourceExtensions();
+  void RegisterMeshResourceExtensions();
+  void RegisterImageResourceExtensions();
+
+  std::map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<ResourceLoadStrategy>> loaders_;
+  std::map<std::size_t, std::unique_ptr<ResourceProxy>> resources_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_RESOURCE_MANAGER_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/resource_proxy.cpp b/library/phx/resource_proxy.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b8649a27a87ab5749454295ac9515214e1d624b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/resource_proxy.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "resource_proxy.hpp"
+#include "resource_manager.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+ResourceProxy::ResourceProxy(ResourceManager *mng,
+                             const ResourceDeclaration &declaration)
+    : resource_manager_(mng), declaration_(declaration) {}
+
+bool ResourceProxy::IsOnline() const { return resource_.get() != nullptr; }
+
+void ResourceProxy::Load() {
+  if (IsOnline()) return;
+  resource_ = resource_manager_->Load(declaration_);
+}
+
+void ResourceProxy::Unload() { resource_.release(); }
+
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/resource_proxy.hpp b/library/phx/resource_proxy.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..19e6ed5f30f1f0d2a539b1a2e124496b817dfb36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/resource_proxy.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_RESOURCE_PROXY_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_RESOURCE_PROXY_HPP_
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "resource.hpp"
+#include "resource_declaration.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+class ResourceManager;
+/**
+ * A ResourceProxy acts as a generic handle to pass arbitrary resources
+ * throughout the system. The proxy defines a resource's explicit state machine.
+ * A resource has to be declared through the ResourceManager first. This
+ * generates a resource proxy for said resource. Subsequently, the resource can
+ * be loaded and unloaded. A load will bring it from offline to online. The
+ * actual resource can only be accessed when the corresponding proxy is in its
+ * online state. In this way, memory management is explicitly left in the
+ * client's hands.
+ */
+class ResourceProxy final {
+ public:
+  ResourceProxy(ResourceManager *mng, const ResourceDeclaration &declaration);
+  ResourceProxy(const ResourceProxy &) = delete;
+  ResourceProxy(ResourceProxy &&) = delete;
+  ResourceProxy &operator=(const ResourceProxy &) = delete;
+  ResourceProxy &operator=(ResourceProxy &&) = delete;
+  ~ResourceProxy() = default;
+
+  bool IsOnline() const;
+
+  void Load();
+  void Unload();
+
+  template <typename ResourceTargetType>
+  ResourceTargetType *GetAs() const;
+
+ private:
+  ResourceManager *resource_manager_;
+  ResourceDeclaration declaration_;
+  std::unique_ptr<Resource> resource_{nullptr};
+};
+
+template <typename ResourceTargetType>
+ResourceTargetType *phx::ResourceProxy::GetAs() const {
+  return dynamic_cast<ResourceTargetType *>(resource_.get());
+}
+
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_RESOURCE_PROXY_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/scene.cpp b/library/phx/scene.cpp
index ae8f532def2534a34308fec8143879cbda1fa903..ac39d194ca8a5c2982d389b01b9a2de515833d93 100644
--- a/library/phx/scene.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/scene.cpp
@@ -30,8 +30,17 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "phx/transform.hpp"
+#include "phx/virtual_platform.hpp"
+
 namespace phx {
 
+Scene::Scene() {
+  phx::Entity* virtual_platform = CreateEntity();
+  virtual_platform->AddComponent<phx::Transform>();
+  virtual_platform->AddComponent<phx::VirtualPlatform>();
+}
+
 Entity* Scene::CreateEntity() {
   entities_.push_back(std::make_unique<Entity>());
   auto new_entity = entities_.back().get();
diff --git a/library/phx/scene.hpp b/library/phx/scene.hpp
index b47ab78ba5e1db15823f297ce1c43c05a0243569..b8f3a73eb1bf9ae7fb9a5d6eb57699c6eebde585 100644
--- a/library/phx/scene.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/scene.hpp
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT Scene : public Nameable, public Loggable {
   friend class Engine;
 
  public:
-  Scene() = default;
+  Scene();
   Scene(const Scene&) = delete;
   Scene(Scene&&) = default;
   ~Scene() = default;
diff --git a/library/phx/scene_loader.cpp b/library/phx/scene_loader.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..75f8858f2fb79981844a6018237ef05206a91dc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/scene_loader.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "scene_loader.hpp"
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "material_handle.hpp"
+#include "mesh_handle.hpp"
+#include "model.hpp"
+#include "resource_manager.hpp"
+#include "transform.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+bool SceneLoader::InsertModelIntoScene(const std::string& file_name,
+                                       Scene* scene) {
+  auto model_proxy = ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource(file_name);
+  model_proxy->Load();
+  if (!model_proxy->IsOnline()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  auto model = model_proxy->GetAs<Model>();
+
+  for (auto mesh_proxy : model->GetMeshes()) {
+    auto entity = scene->CreateEntity();
+    entity->AddComponent<Transform>();
+    entity->AddComponent<MeshHandle>()->SetMeshProxy(mesh_proxy);
+    phx::ResourceProxy* material_proxy = model->GetMaterialForMesh(mesh_proxy);
+    if (material_proxy != nullptr) {
+      entity->AddComponent<MaterialHandle>()->SetMaterialProxy(material_proxy);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/swap_buffers_pass.hpp b/library/phx/scene_loader.hpp
similarity index 75%
rename from library/phx/swap_buffers_pass.hpp
rename to library/phx/scene_loader.hpp
index 5cec8881c0f8865b5f7f2b508b3b5c335f14a106..948b02e926343be597c98112e6e3ac55ec92a2d6 100644
--- a/library/phx/swap_buffers_pass.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/scene_loader.hpp
@@ -20,27 +20,21 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_SWAP_BUFFERS_PASS_HPP_
-#define LIBRARY_PHX_SWAP_BUFFERS_PASS_HPP_
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_SCENE_LOADER_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_SCENE_LOADER_HPP_
+
+#include <string>
 
 #include "phx/export.hpp"
-#include "phx/render_pass.hpp"
+#include "phx/scene.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
 
-class Window;
-
-class PHOENIX_EXPORT SwapBuffersPass : public RenderPass {
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT SceneLoader {
  public:
-  void SetWindow(Window* window);
-
-  void Initialize() override;
-  void Execute() override;
-
- private:
-  Window* window_;
+  static bool InsertModelIntoScene(const std::string& file_name, Scene* scene);
 };
 
 }  // namespace phx
 
-#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_SWAP_BUFFERS_PASS_HPP_
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_SCENE_LOADER_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/setup.cpp b/library/phx/setup.cpp
index 5f52e02c38edcb16048322a34a319cf4ea64371c..46cedef1cc9a4cd1241135c5ed89486bcd80c581 100644
--- a/library/phx/setup.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/setup.cpp
@@ -26,23 +26,35 @@
 #include <memory>
 
 #include "behavior_system.hpp"
+#include "display_system.hpp"
 #include "engine.hpp"
+#include "hmd.hpp"
 #include "input_system.hpp"
+#include "logger.hpp"
 #include "rendering_system.hpp"
+#include "tracking_system.hpp"
 
+#undef CreateWindow
 namespace phx {
 
 std::unique_ptr<Engine> Setup::CreateDefaultEngine() {
   auto engine = std::make_unique<Engine>();
   auto engine_ptr = engine.get();
   engine->SetScene(std::make_shared<Scene>());
-  engine->MakeWindow();
-  assert(engine->GetWindow() != nullptr);
 
   engine->CreateSystem<BehaviorSystem>();
-  engine->CreateSystem<RenderingSystem>(engine->GetWindow());
-  InputSystem* input_system = engine->CreateSystem<InputSystem>();
-  input_system->AddQuitCallback([engine_ptr]() { engine_ptr->Stop(); });
+  engine->CreateSystem<InputSystem>()->AddQuitCallback(
+      [engine_ptr]() { engine_ptr->Stop(); });
+  engine->CreateSystem<TrackingSystem>();
+  engine->CreateSystem<RenderingSystem>();
+
+  auto displaysys = engine->CreateSystem<DisplaySystem>();
+  if (HMD::IsHMDPresent()) {
+    info("An HMD is present so we use it");
+    displaysys->CreateHMD();
+  } else {
+    displaysys->CreateWindow("Phoenix", glm::uvec2(100, 100));
+  }
 
   return engine;
 }
diff --git a/library/phx/shader_loader.cpp b/library/phx/shader_loader.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4cf1b8216b0188012a9841b8f78a69a42be7ec9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/shader_loader.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualisation Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "phx/shader_loader.hpp"
+
+#include <fstream>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "phx/logger.hpp"
+#include "phx/resources_path.hpp"
+#include "phx/shader_source.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+std::unique_ptr<phx::Resource> ShaderLoader::Load(
+    const ResourceDeclaration& file_name) {
+  auto shader_source = this->LoadShaderSouce(file_name);
+  if (shader_source.empty()) return nullptr;
+
+  auto shader = std::make_unique<ShaderSource>();
+  shader->SetSource(shader_source);
+  return shader;
+}
+
+std::string ShaderLoader::LoadShaderSouce(const std::string& file_name) {
+  std::string complete_filename = phx::resources_root + file_name;
+  std::ifstream infile{complete_filename.c_str(), std::ios::in};
+  if (!infile.good()) {
+    phx::warn("Unable to read shader from requested file {}",
+              complete_filename);
+    return "";
+  }
+
+  std::string shader_source{std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(infile),
+                            std::istreambuf_iterator<char>()};
+  return shader_source;
+}
+
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/shader_loader.hpp b/library/phx/shader_loader.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..56fc6bcd013f2edc2f5544b65aa43593d2291ec1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/shader_loader.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualisation Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_SHADER_LOADER_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_SHADER_LOADER_HPP_
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "phx/resource_declaration.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_load_strategy.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+class ShaderLoader final : public ResourceLoadStrategy {
+ public:
+  ShaderLoader() = default;
+  ShaderLoader(const ShaderLoader&) = delete;
+  ShaderLoader(ShaderLoader&&) = delete;
+  ~ShaderLoader() = default;
+
+  ShaderLoader& operator=(const ShaderLoader&) = delete;
+  ShaderLoader& operator=(ShaderLoader&&) = delete;
+
+  std::unique_ptr<Resource> Load(const ResourceDeclaration& file_name) override;
+
+ protected:
+  std::string LoadShaderSouce(const std::string& file_name);
+
+ private:
+};
+
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_SHADER_LOADER_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/shader_program.cpp b/library/phx/shader_program.cpp
index 896ab11feebfbbc56200108ac0f56c553b6b64a4..0569749d84cf231974b591961cc481c26f24102e 100644
--- a/library/phx/shader_program.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/shader_program.cpp
@@ -20,106 +20,74 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+#include "phx/shader_program.hpp"
+
 #include <fstream>
 #include <iostream>
+#include <memory>
 #include <string>
 
 #include "phx/logger.hpp"
-
-#include "shader_program.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource.hpp"
+#include "phx/shader_source.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
 
-int ShaderProgram::LoadAndCompileShadersFromFiles(
-    const std::string& filename_base) {
-  int loadedShaders = 0;
-
-  auto AddIfExists = [this, &loadedShaders](std::string name, GLenum type) {
-    if (DoesFileExist(name)) {
-      if (LoadCreateCompileAttachShader(name, type)) loadedShaders++;
-    }
-  };
-
-  AddIfExists(filename_base + ".vert", GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
-  AddIfExists(filename_base + ".tesc", GL_TESS_CONTROL_SHADER);
-  AddIfExists(filename_base + ".tese", GL_TESS_EVALUATION_SHADER);
-  AddIfExists(filename_base + ".geom", GL_GEOMETRY_SHADER);
-  AddIfExists(filename_base + ".frag", GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
-  AddIfExists(filename_base + ".comp", GL_COMPUTE_SHADER);
-
-  return loadedShaders;
-}
-
-bool ShaderProgram::LoadAndCompileVertexShader(const std::string& filename) {
-  return LoadCreateCompileAttachShader(filename, GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
-}
-
-bool ShaderProgram::LoadAndCompileTesselationControlShader(
-    const std::string& filename) {
-  return LoadCreateCompileAttachShader(filename, GL_TESS_CONTROL_SHADER);
-}
-
-bool ShaderProgram::LoadAndCompileTesselationEvaluationShader(
-    const std::string& filename) {
-  return LoadCreateCompileAttachShader(filename, GL_TESS_EVALUATION_SHADER);
-}
-
-bool ShaderProgram::LoadAndCompileGeometryShader(const std::string& filename) {
-  return LoadCreateCompileAttachShader(filename, GL_GEOMETRY_SHADER);
-}
-
-bool ShaderProgram::LoadAndCompileFragementShader(const std::string& filename) {
-  return LoadCreateCompileAttachShader(filename, GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
-}
+bool ShaderProgram::SetShaderProxy(ShaderChannel channel,
+                                   ResourceProxy* shader_source) {
+  auto& entry = shaders_[channel];
+  entry.first = shader_source;
+  entry.second =
+      std::make_unique<gl::shader>(this->ConvertChannelToGL(channel));
+  gl::shader* shader = entry.second.get();
+  shader->set_source(this->GetShaderSource(shader_source));
 
-bool ShaderProgram::LoadAndCompileComputeShader(const std::string& filename) {
-  return LoadCreateCompileAttachShader(filename, GL_COMPUTE_SHADER);
+  return this->CompileAndAttachShader(shader);
 }
 
-bool ShaderProgram::LoadCreateCompileAttachShader(const std::string& filename,
-                                                  GLenum type) {
-  std::string shader_source = LoadFileIfExists(filename);
-  if (shader_source.empty()) {
-    phx::warn("WARNING: Shader File {} cannot be loaded in path {}.", filename,
-              path_to_shaders_);
-    return false;
+void ShaderProgram::Link() {
+  if (!link_status()) {
+    auto status = link();
+    if (!status) {
+      phx::warn("WARNING: Unable to link program with id: {} with message: {}",
+                id(), info_log());
+    }
   }
+}
 
-  gl::shader* shader = new gl::shader(type);
-  shader->set_source(shader_source);
-
+bool ShaderProgram::CompileAndAttachShader(gl::shader* shader) {
   auto compile_result = shader->compile();
   if (!compile_result) {
-    phx::warn("WARNING: Unable to compile shader {} with message: {}", filename,
+    phx::warn("WARNING: Unable to compile shader with message: {}",
               shader->info_log());
   }
   attach_shader(*shader);
   return compile_result;
 }
 
-bool ShaderProgram::DoesFileExist(const std::string& filename) {
-  std::ifstream infile(path_to_shaders_ + filename);
-  return infile.good();
-}
-
-void ShaderProgram::LinkShaderProgram() {
-  if (!link_status()) {
-    auto status = link();
-    if (!status) {
-      phx::warn("WARNING: Unable to link program with id: {} with message: {}",
-                id(), info_log());
-    }
+GLenum ShaderProgram::ConvertChannelToGL(ShaderChannel channel) const {
+  switch (channel) {
+    case VERTEX:
+      return GL_VERTEX_SHADER;
+    case TESSELLATION_CONTROL:
+      return GL_TESS_CONTROL_SHADER;
+    case TESSELLATION_EVALUATION:
+      return GL_TESS_EVALUATION_SHADER;
+    case GEOMETRY:
+      return GL_GEOMETRY_SHADER;
+    case FRAGMENT:
+      return GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER;
+    case COMPUTE:
+      return GL_COMPUTE_SHADER;
+    default:
+      phx::warn("WARNING: Invalid internal shader channel {}!", channel);
+      return GL_INVALID_ENUM;
   }
 }
 
-std::string ShaderProgram::LoadFileIfExists(const std::string& filename) {
-  std::ifstream infile(path_to_shaders_ + filename);
-  if (!infile.good()) {
-    return "";
-  }
-  std::string shaderSource{std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(infile),
-                           std::istreambuf_iterator<char>()};
-  return shaderSource;
+std::string ShaderProgram::GetShaderSource(ResourceProxy* shader_proxy) const {
+  auto shader_source = shader_proxy->GetAs<phx::ShaderSource>();
+  return shader_source->GetSource();
 }
 
 }  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/shader_program.hpp b/library/phx/shader_program.hpp
index a9b506fced3cc8316b4c4324c4af49e33fdee665..5ee4f1befb7b40f1ba1fd4544a68a872314a5fd5 100644
--- a/library/phx/shader_program.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/shader_program.hpp
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 #define LIBRARY_PHX_SHADER_PROGRAM_HPP_
 
 #include <cstddef>
-
+#include <memory>
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
 #include "phx/export.hpp"
 #include "phx/mesh.hpp"
 #include "phx/render_pass.hpp"
-#include "phx/resources_path.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_proxy.hpp"
 #include "phx/transform.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
@@ -49,6 +49,16 @@ SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN_PADDED
 
 class PHOENIX_EXPORT ShaderProgram : public gl::program {
  public:
+  enum ShaderChannel {
+    VERTEX = 0,
+    TESSELLATION_CONTROL,
+    TESSELLATION_EVALUATION,
+    GEOMETRY,
+    FRAGMENT,
+    COMPUTE,
+    MAX_SHADER_CHANNEL
+  };
+
   ShaderProgram() = default;
   ShaderProgram(const ShaderProgram&) = delete;
   ShaderProgram(ShaderProgram&&) = default;
@@ -57,19 +67,7 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT ShaderProgram : public gl::program {
   ShaderProgram& operator=(const ShaderProgram&) = delete;
   ShaderProgram& operator=(ShaderProgram&&) = default;
 
-  // returns the number of files that were loaded with this name
-  // e.g. 2 if only a .vert and .frag shader were found
-  // file extensions should be .vert, .tesc, .tese, .geom, .frag, .comp
-  int LoadAndCompileShadersFromFiles(const std::string& filename_base);
-
-  // one can also load single shaders
-  // (the file extension must be included in the string)
-  bool LoadAndCompileVertexShader(const std::string& filename);
-  bool LoadAndCompileTesselationControlShader(const std::string& filename);
-  bool LoadAndCompileTesselationEvaluationShader(const std::string& filename);
-  bool LoadAndCompileGeometryShader(const std::string& filename);
-  bool LoadAndCompileFragementShader(const std::string& filename);
-  bool LoadAndCompileComputeShader(const std::string& filename);
+  bool SetShaderProxy(ShaderChannel channel, ResourceProxy* shader_source);
 
   template <typename T>
   void SetUniform(const std::string& name, T value) {
@@ -77,17 +75,17 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT ShaderProgram : public gl::program {
   }
 
   // checks if program was already linked and if not does so
-  void LinkShaderProgram();
+  void Link();
 
  private:
-  bool LoadCreateCompileAttachShader(const std::string& filename, GLenum type);
+  bool CompileAndAttachShader(gl::shader* shader);
 
-  // returns and empty string if it doesn't
-  std::string LoadFileIfExists(const std::string& filename);
+  GLenum ConvertChannelToGL(ShaderChannel channel) const;
 
-  bool DoesFileExist(const std::string& filename);
+  std::string GetShaderSource(ResourceProxy* shader_proxy) const;
 
-  std::string path_to_shaders_ = std::string(phx::resources_root) + "shader/";
+  using ShaderHandle = std::pair<ResourceProxy*, std::unique_ptr<gl::shader>>;
+  std::array<ShaderHandle, MAX_SHADER_CHANNEL> shaders_;
 };
 
 SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
diff --git a/library/phx/shader_source.cpp b/library/phx/shader_source.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c3838403da90d212c175bc1b421e4831ef64754e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/shader_source.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualisation Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "phx/shader_source.hpp"
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace phx {
+
+void ShaderSource::SetSource(const std::string& source) {
+  shader_source_ = source;
+}
+
+std::string ShaderSource::GetSource() const { return shader_source_; }
+
+std::size_t ShaderSource::GetSourceLength() const {
+  return shader_source_.size();
+}
+
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/shader_source.hpp b/library/phx/shader_source.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b68c47ca4ce12f56c8d8737f68405d3f2414377a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/shader_source.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualisation Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_SHADER_SOURCE_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_SHADER_SOURCE_HPP_
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "phx/export.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT ShaderSource  final : public Resource {
+ public:
+  ShaderSource() = default;
+  ShaderSource(const ShaderSource&) = default;
+  ShaderSource(ShaderSource&&) = default;
+  ~ShaderSource() = default;
+
+  ShaderSource& operator=(const ShaderSource&) = default;
+  ShaderSource& operator=(ShaderSource&&) = default;
+
+  void SetSource(const std::string& source);
+
+  std::string GetSource() const;
+
+  std::size_t GetSourceLength() const;
+
+ private:
+  std::string shader_source_ = "";
+};
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_SHADER_SOURCE_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/singleton.hpp b/library/phx/singleton.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..31409d39a69f604163c2d29e43d58087e2e7a89d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/singleton.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_SINGLETON_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_SINGLETON_HPP_
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace phx {
+template <class type>
+class singleton {
+ public:
+  template <typename... arguments>
+  static type& instance(arguments&&... args) {
+    std::call_once(
+        get_once_flag(),
+        [](arguments&&... args) {
+          instance_.reset(new type(std::forward<arguments>(args)...));
+        },
+        std::forward<arguments>(args)...);
+    return *instance_.get();
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  explicit singleton<type>() = default;
+  singleton(const singleton&) = delete;
+  singleton(singleton&&) = default;
+  virtual ~singleton<type>() = default;
+
+  singleton& operator=(const singleton&) = delete;
+  singleton& operator=(singleton&&) = default;
+
+ private:
+  static std::once_flag& get_once_flag() {
+    static std::once_flag once;
+    return once;
+  }
+  static std::unique_ptr<type> instance_;
+};
+template <class type>
+std::unique_ptr<type> singleton<type>::instance_ = nullptr;
+}  // namespace phx
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_SINGLETON_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/splash_screen.cpp b/library/phx/splash_screen.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..48a1b7c71ceb5603aec5d8f862fabbc1187f1809
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/splash_screen.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "splash_screen.hpp"
+
+#include <gl/all.hpp>
+
+#include <cmath>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "phx/resources_path.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+phx::SplashScreen::SplashScreen(Window* window) : window_(window) {
+  splash_image_ = phx::Image::Load(std::string(resources_root) +
+                                   "textures/splash_progress.png")
+                      ->Convert<phx::ImageFormatRGBA>();
+  progressbar_image_ = phx::Image::CreateEmptyImage(1, 1, 4);
+  auto progressbar_image_typed =
+      static_cast<phx::ImageTyped<phx::ImageFormatRGBA>*>(
+          progressbar_image_.get());
+  progressbar_image_typed->SetPixel(0, 0, {255, 255, 255, 255});
+  default_framebuffer_ = std::make_unique<gl::framebuffer>(0);
+}
+
+void SplashScreen::Draw() {
+  gl::initialize();
+  gl::framebuffer splash_buff;
+  gl::texture_2d splash_tex;
+  splash_buff.bind();
+  splash_tex.bind();
+  splash_tex.set_storage(1, GL_RGBA8,
+                         static_cast<GLsizei>(splash_image_->GetWidth()),
+                         static_cast<GLsizei>(splash_image_->GetHeight()));
+  splash_buff.attach_texture<GL_TEXTURE_2D>(GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, splash_tex,
+                                            0);
+  splash_tex.set_sub_image(
+      0, 0, 0, static_cast<GLsizei>(splash_image_->GetWidth()),
+      static_cast<GLsizei>(splash_image_->GetHeight()), GL_RGBA,
+      GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, splash_image_->GetDataPointer());
+  gl::print_error("OpenGl Error creating Splash Screen texture: ");
+  splash_buff.unbind();
+  splash_tex.unbind();
+
+  gl::framebuffer progress_buff;
+  gl::texture_2d progress_tex;
+  progress_buff.bind();
+  progress_tex.bind();
+  progress_tex.set_storage(
+      1, GL_RGBA8, static_cast<GLsizei>(progressbar_image_->GetWidth()),
+      static_cast<GLsizei>(progressbar_image_->GetHeight()));
+  progress_buff.attach_texture<GL_TEXTURE_2D>(GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0,
+                                              progress_tex, 0);
+  progress_tex.set_sub_image(
+      0, 0, 0, static_cast<GLsizei>(progressbar_image_->GetWidth()),
+      static_cast<GLsizei>(progressbar_image_->GetHeight()), GL_RGBA,
+      GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, progressbar_image_->GetDataPointer());
+  gl::print_error("OpenGl Error creating Progress Bar texture: ");
+  progress_buff.unbind();
+  progress_tex.unbind();
+
+  auto win_size = window_->GetSize();
+
+  auto x_offset = (win_size.x - splash_image_->GetWidth()) / 2;
+  auto y_offset = (win_size.y - splash_image_->GetHeight()) / 2;
+
+  default_framebuffer_->blit(
+      splash_buff, 0, 0, static_cast<GLsizei>(splash_image_->GetWidth()),
+      static_cast<GLsizei>(splash_image_->GetHeight()),
+      static_cast<GLsizei>(x_offset), static_cast<GLsizei>(y_offset),
+      static_cast<GLsizei>(splash_image_->GetWidth() + x_offset),
+      static_cast<GLsizei>(splash_image_->GetHeight() + y_offset),
+      GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT, GL_LINEAR);
+
+  gl::print_error("OpenGl Error blitting Splash Screen: ");
+
+  constexpr float progressbar_max_pixel_width = 198.f;
+  const int progressbar_current_pixel_width = static_cast<int>(
+      std::round(load_progress_ * progressbar_max_pixel_width));
+  const int progressbar_pixel_height = 9;
+
+  auto progressbar_x_offset = x_offset + 98;
+  auto progressbar_y_offset = y_offset + 15;
+  default_framebuffer_->blit(
+      progress_buff, 0, 0, static_cast<GLsizei>(progressbar_image_->GetWidth()),
+      static_cast<GLsizei>(progressbar_image_->GetHeight()),
+      static_cast<GLsizei>(progressbar_x_offset),
+      static_cast<GLsizei>(progressbar_y_offset),
+      static_cast<GLsizei>(progressbar_current_pixel_width +
+                           progressbar_x_offset),
+      static_cast<GLsizei>(progressbar_pixel_height + progressbar_y_offset),
+      GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT, GL_LINEAR);
+
+  window_->Swap();
+}
+
+void SplashScreen::SetLoadProgress(float progress) {
+  load_progress_ = progress;
+}
+
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/tests/src/test_swap_buffers_pass.cpp b/library/phx/splash_screen.hpp
similarity index 56%
rename from tests/src/test_swap_buffers_pass.cpp
rename to library/phx/splash_screen.hpp
index cc8a2894a423d3bddb4af84e5bae544bb3d46013..f6ed4195c8294bad068b31f2b6b2e948bba28baa 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_swap_buffers_pass.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/splash_screen.hpp
@@ -20,38 +20,41 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-#include <utility>
-#include <vector>
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_SPLASH_SCREEN_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_SPLASH_SCREEN_HPP_
 
-#include "GL/glew.h"
-#include "glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp"
+#include <memory>
 
-#include "phx/swap_buffers_pass.hpp"
+#include "phx/export.hpp"
+#include "phx/image.hpp"
 #include "phx/window.hpp"
 
-#include "catch/catch.hpp"
+#include "gl/framebuffer.hpp"
 
-#include "trompeloeil.hpp"
+namespace phx {
 
-extern template struct trompeloeil::reporter<trompeloeil::specialized>;
-
-class WindowMock : public phx::Window {
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT SplashScreen {
  public:
-  MAKE_CONST_MOCK0(Swap, bool());
+  explicit SplashScreen(Window* window);
+  SplashScreen(const SplashScreen&) = default;
+  SplashScreen(SplashScreen&&) = default;
+  ~SplashScreen() = default;
+
+  SplashScreen& operator=(const SplashScreen&) = default;
+  SplashScreen& operator=(SplashScreen&&) = default;
+
+  void Draw();
+  void SetLoadProgress(float progress);
+
+ private:
+  std::unique_ptr<gl::framebuffer> default_framebuffer_;
+  std::unique_ptr<Image> splash_image_;
+  std::unique_ptr<Image> progressbar_image_;
+  Window* window_;
+
+  float load_progress_ = 0.f;
 };
 
-SCENARIO("The swap buffers pass calls swap on the window.",
-         "[phx][phx::SwapBuffersPass]") {
-  GIVEN("A SwapBuffersPass and a window") {
-    phx::SwapBuffersPass swap_buffers_pass;
-    WindowMock* window = new WindowMock;
-    swap_buffers_pass.SetWindow(window);
-
-    WHEN("We execute the pass") {
-      THEN("It calls swap on the window") {
-        REQUIRE_CALL(*window, Swap()).TIMES(1).RETURN(true);
-        swap_buffers_pass.Execute();
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_SPLASH_SCREEN_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/system.hpp b/library/phx/system.hpp
index ff448323b1d4de56b16255421f5cca9092fbfb68..67cf22620ec56aecad5026cd02e175d4a464621c 100644
--- a/library/phx/system.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/system.hpp
@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT System : public Loggable {
   System& operator=(const System&) = delete;
   System& operator=(System&&) = default;
 
- private:
   Engine* engine_ = nullptr;
 };
 
diff --git a/library/phx/tracking_system.cpp b/library/phx/tracking_system.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4bbc94e380945cc77d57a1541d888206dce6f6a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/tracking_system.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "tracking_system.hpp"
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "display_system.hpp"
+#include "hmd.hpp"
+#include "projection.hpp"
+#include "transform.hpp"
+#include "virtual_platform.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+TrackingSystem::TrackingSystem(Engine* engine) : System(engine) {}
+
+void TrackingSystem::Initialize() {
+  const auto hmd = engine_->GetSystem<DisplaySystem>()->GetHMD();
+  if (hmd == nullptr) return;
+  auto scene = engine_->GetScene();
+  const auto virtual_platform =
+      scene->GetEntitiesWithComponents<VirtualPlatform>()[0];
+  const auto virtual_platform_transform =
+      virtual_platform->GetFirstComponent<Transform>();
+  hmd_entity_ = scene->CreateEntity();
+  hmd_entity_->SetName(RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_HMD);
+  auto hmd_transform = hmd_entity_->AddComponent<Transform>();
+  hmd_transform->SetParent(virtual_platform_transform);
+  left_eye_entity_ = scene->CreateEntity();
+  left_eye_entity_->SetName(RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_EYE_LEFT);
+  auto left_eye_transform = left_eye_entity_->AddComponent<Transform>();
+  left_eye_transform->SetParent(hmd_transform);
+  left_eye_entity_->AddComponent<Projection>();
+  right_eye_entity_ = scene->CreateEntity();
+  right_eye_entity_->SetName(RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_EYE_RIGHT);
+  auto right_eye_transform = right_eye_entity_->AddComponent<Transform>();
+  right_eye_entity_->AddComponent<Projection>();
+  right_eye_transform->SetParent(hmd_transform);
+
+  left_controller_entity_ = scene->CreateEntity();
+  left_controller_entity_->SetName(RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_CONTROLLER_LEFT);
+  auto left_controller_transform =
+      left_controller_entity_->AddComponent<Transform>();
+  left_controller_transform->SetParent(virtual_platform_transform);
+
+  right_controller_entity_ = scene->CreateEntity();
+  right_controller_entity_->SetName(RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_CONTROLLER_RIGHT);
+  auto right_controller_transform =
+      right_controller_entity_->AddComponent<Transform>();
+  right_controller_transform->SetParent(virtual_platform_transform);
+}
+
+void TrackingSystem::Update(const FrameTimer::TimeInfo&) {
+  const auto hmd = engine_->GetSystem<DisplaySystem>()->GetHMD();
+  if (hmd == nullptr) return;
+  hmd->UpdateTrackedDevices();
+  const auto head_transformation = hmd->GetHeadTransformation();
+  hmd_entity_->GetFirstComponent<Transform>()->SetLocalMatrix(
+      head_transformation);
+  const auto left_eye_transformation = hmd->GetEyeToHeadMatrix(HMD::LEFT_EYE);
+  left_eye_entity_->GetFirstComponent<Transform>()->SetLocalMatrix(
+      left_eye_transformation);
+  const auto right_eye_transformation = hmd->GetEyeToHeadMatrix(HMD::RIGHT_EYE);
+  right_eye_entity_->GetFirstComponent<Transform>()->SetLocalMatrix(
+      right_eye_transformation);
+
+  left_controller_entity_->GetFirstComponent<Transform>()->SetLocalMatrix(
+      hmd->GetLeftControllerTransformation());
+
+  right_controller_entity_->GetFirstComponent<Transform>()->SetLocalMatrix(
+      hmd->GetRightControllerTransformation());
+}
+
+std::string TrackingSystem::ToString() const { return "Tracking System"; }
+
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/tracking_system.hpp b/library/phx/tracking_system.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..98db7c306b96a1db8a3d88a80369fa7ccd70fa2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/tracking_system.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_TRACKING_SYSTEM_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_TRACKING_SYSTEM_HPP_
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "phx/engine.hpp"
+#include "phx/export.hpp"
+#include "phx/system.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT TrackingSystem : public System {
+ public:
+  TrackingSystem() = delete;
+  TrackingSystem(const TrackingSystem&) = delete;
+  TrackingSystem(TrackingSystem&&) = default;
+  ~TrackingSystem() = default;
+
+  TrackingSystem& operator=(const TrackingSystem&) = delete;
+  TrackingSystem& operator=(TrackingSystem&&) = default;
+
+  void Initialize() override;
+  void Update(const FrameTimer::TimeInfo&) override;
+
+  std::string ToString() const override;
+
+ private:
+  friend TrackingSystem* Engine::CreateSystem<TrackingSystem>();
+  explicit TrackingSystem(Engine* engine);
+
+  Entity* hmd_entity_ = nullptr;
+  Entity* left_eye_entity_ = nullptr;
+  Entity* right_eye_entity_ = nullptr;
+  Entity* left_controller_entity_ = nullptr;
+  Entity* right_controller_entity_ = nullptr;
+};
+
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_TRACKING_SYSTEM_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/swap_buffers_pass.cpp b/library/phx/virtual_platform.cpp
similarity index 82%
rename from library/phx/swap_buffers_pass.cpp
rename to library/phx/virtual_platform.cpp
index 66729ff6d77a3000b2be546efd5fc3c58505b894..62f6d2ac7b75260abdd8ef4890a3e403cb7c573c 100644
--- a/library/phx/swap_buffers_pass.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/virtual_platform.cpp
@@ -20,14 +20,8 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-#include "swap_buffers_pass.hpp"
-
-#include "window.hpp"
+#include "virtual_platform.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
-void SwapBuffersPass::SetWindow(Window* window) { window_ = window; }
-
-void SwapBuffersPass::Initialize() {}
 
-void SwapBuffersPass::Execute() { window_->Swap(); }
 }  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/virtual_platform.hpp b/library/phx/virtual_platform.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7b6ac8861285938e3d6597a87d1d4cae6e126383
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/phx/virtual_platform.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_VIRTUAL_PLATFORM_HPP_
+#define LIBRARY_PHX_VIRTUAL_PLATFORM_HPP_
+
+#include "phx/export.hpp"
+
+#include "phx/component.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+class PHOENIX_EXPORT VirtualPlatform : public Component {
+ public:
+  VirtualPlatform() = default;
+  VirtualPlatform(const VirtualPlatform&) = delete;
+  VirtualPlatform(VirtualPlatform&&) = default;
+  virtual ~VirtualPlatform() = default;
+  VirtualPlatform& operator=(const VirtualPlatform&) = delete;
+  VirtualPlatform& operator=(VirtualPlatform&&) = default;
+};
+
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // LIBRARY_PHX_VIRTUAL_PLATFORM_HPP_
diff --git a/library/phx/window.cpp b/library/phx/window.cpp
index 7ae730e53877ccb97329fca58a05524b1dcc7bee..f909e5292b587f53ac90d53ce772c89698a110ea 100644
--- a/library/phx/window.cpp
+++ b/library/phx/window.cpp
@@ -22,32 +22,55 @@
 
 #include "window.hpp"
 
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+
 namespace phx {
-Window::Window() {
-  SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO);
-  SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4);
-  SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION, 5);
-  SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK, SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_CORE);
-  native_ = SDL_CreateWindow("Phoenix", 32, 32, 1024, 768, SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL);
-  gl_context_ = SDL_GL_CreateContext(native_);
+Window::Window(const std::string& title)
+    : native_(SDL_CreateWindow(
+          title.c_str(), 0, 0, 1, 1,
+          static_cast<std::uint32_t>(SetupOpenGLContextFlags() |
+                                     SDL_WINDOW_FULLSCREEN_DESKTOP))),
+      gl_context_(SDL_GL_CreateContext(native_)) {
+  Validate();
+}
+Window::Window(const std::string& title, const glm::uvec2& position,
+               const glm::uvec2& size)
+    : native_(SDL_CreateWindow(
+          title.c_str(), static_cast<int>(position.x),
+          static_cast<int>(position.y), static_cast<int>(size.x),
+          static_cast<int>(size.y), SetupOpenGLContextFlags())),
+      gl_context_(SDL_GL_CreateContext(native_)) {
+  Validate();
 }
 
 Window::~Window() {
-  if (gl_context_) SDL_GL_DeleteContext(gl_context_);
-  if (native_) SDL_DestroyWindow(native_);
-  SDL_QuitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_VIDEO);
+  SDL_GL_DeleteContext(gl_context_);
+  SDL_DestroyWindow(native_);
 }
 
-bool Window::IsValid() const {
-  return native_ != nullptr && gl_context_ != nullptr;
+void Window::Swap() const { SDL_GL_SwapWindow(native_); }
+
+glm::uvec2 Window::GetSize() const {
+  int w, h;
+  SDL_GetWindowSize(native_, &w, &h);
+  return glm::uvec2(static_cast<unsigned>(w), static_cast<unsigned>(h));
+}
+
+std::uint32_t Window::SetupOpenGLContextFlags() const {
+  SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4);
+  SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION, 5);
+  SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK, SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_CORE);
+  return SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL;
 }
 
-bool Window::Swap() const {
-  if (IsValid()) {
-    SDL_GL_SwapWindow(native_);
-    return true;
-  } else {
-    return false;
-  }
+void Window::Validate() const {
+  if (!native_)
+    throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create SDL window: " +
+                             std::string(SDL_GetError()));
+  if (!gl_context_)
+    throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create SDL OpenGL context: " +
+                             std::string(SDL_GetError()));
+  SDL_GL_SetSwapInterval(0);
 }
 }  // namespace phx
diff --git a/library/phx/window.hpp b/library/phx/window.hpp
index 32dfee914866e75a6053d375729d6ae67ff34150..001f2d3c4617902a463ca545698fe1cdb4434f70 100644
--- a/library/phx/window.hpp
+++ b/library/phx/window.hpp
@@ -23,16 +23,21 @@
 #ifndef LIBRARY_PHX_WINDOW_HPP_
 #define LIBRARY_PHX_WINDOW_HPP_
 
+#include <string>
+
 SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
 #include "SDL.h"
+#include "glm/vec2.hpp"
 SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
 
 #include "phx/export.hpp"
 
 namespace phx {
+
+class DisplaySystem;
+
 class PHOENIX_EXPORT Window {
  public:
-  Window();
   Window(const Window&) = delete;
   Window(Window&&) = default;
   virtual ~Window();
@@ -40,10 +45,20 @@ class PHOENIX_EXPORT Window {
   Window& operator=(const Window&) = delete;
   Window& operator=(Window&&) = default;
 
-  bool IsValid() const;
-  virtual bool Swap() const;
+  virtual void Swap() const;
+
+  glm::uvec2 GetSize() const;
+
+ protected:
+  friend DisplaySystem;
+
+  explicit Window(const std::string& title);
+  Window(const std::string& title, const glm::uvec2& position,
+         const glm::uvec2& size = glm::uvec2(1024, 768));
+
+  std::uint32_t SetupOpenGLContextFlags() const;
+  void Validate() const;
 
- private:
   SDL_Window* native_;
   SDL_GLContext gl_context_;
 };
diff --git a/resources/models/2MeshTest/2meshTest.mtl b/resources/models/2MeshTest/2meshTest.mtl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b12a299a5d24e44c41408fa26644fad05a48d88e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/2MeshTest/2meshTest.mtl
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:f65ac63255c0ee6b100c60930f56246352d74c29244b41e55e796810f840dc39
+size 443
diff --git a/resources/models/2MeshTest/2meshTest.obj b/resources/models/2MeshTest/2meshTest.obj
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ada20b1a1a38726f2d685768b64b169acbd0e618
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/2MeshTest/2meshTest.obj
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:adf68eae4f58c5a70ad65175988afd205eaa522ceb770d29846e4f6ec4321501
+size 46824
diff --git a/resources/models/2MeshTest/phoenix_black.png b/resources/models/2MeshTest/phoenix_black.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a8f86b0116743c396406f956fb32c913ad3eecec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/2MeshTest/phoenix_black.png
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:737887d02565dfec67d5ed38c5192dfd284e914f3302bd82dffcf738aaf2f6b0
+size 52408
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/Univers20171013.mtl b/resources/models/UniversityScene/Univers20171013.mtl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2ecb5afc91f61a9f34e7764dc82dcdd1d3805585
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/Univers20171013.mtl
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:d4af5811de3e1c2cf72650c3a7b541ce511f34b24fd0296c98038c1bd1519402
+size 32410
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/Univers20171013.obj b/resources/models/UniversityScene/Univers20171013.obj
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a330e35f8f68efa9412a7ae315757ab0f626805c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/Univers20171013.obj
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:673973736436bc52e484eebc853a65506fee9259259ff51fe214c1d7456133f8
+size 90233840
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/6Posters.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/6Posters.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ad1f0be7286df2fe752811d70f126e98fab58503
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/6Posters.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:6a1df8d68874c256145d07997d3da35058076761e3b5b297c913f42b177bf5ab
+size 4748649
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/6Posters2.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/6Posters2.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a59f5adfde8c0548c79ab319e12212259dd89d76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/6Posters2.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:db333538d15ae7c263144c59dfc8e50a24f7d27797f82a50bc7d2b31aaabcc36
+size 4450113
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Anzeige.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Anzeige.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..303e64fa8177b09de941714891760ed2fa121c89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Anzeige.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:688d1bf441a209ad36a7cd72673ef34bfe1bf52ff18b9084f984fcea95b5abd7
+size 317762
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Art.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Art.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d44303ad15fa03271c9e3212153743d673ac8007
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Art.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:ea36d0ca11450c029b141442c5e0c2a09e6a750932166b178683700a14617778
+size 768230
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Beamer.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Beamer.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..04c91b2dbb50d9ec0bfdd6ee9be2b1ab29c03d01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Beamer.jpg
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new file mode 100644
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new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/RubberFloor.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/RubberFloor.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..acb3a0047924f56e7f2fe4bc3038d5778d0f7a1d
--- /dev/null
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diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Sand.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Sand.jpg
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
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diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Schaltplan.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Schaltplan.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..05117b2c94132a8c7e0ca4ff38a1a89c92e5ec9e
--- /dev/null
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diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Signs.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Signs.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5b9b8d4cc53a1560e05ece17124d4e518c890f6f
--- /dev/null
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new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
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diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/TilesBlack.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/TilesBlack.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5d427aa7ee4677a423b6cfd811d916d9763b136b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/TilesBlack.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:7dd959ac75cf24e025ecd8a2823b19b8ff962fdd5fa146f01a13efdedda62070
+size 902163
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Tiles_01.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Tiles_01.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fb3d38f3f0e8dee2a1ab8a7587251def8998b364
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Tiles_01.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Transistior.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Transistior.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d29946dd7c8e3a9c3b0a0a0ebe3f89cc513f0036
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Transistior.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Tree_Diffuse.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Tree_Diffuse.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..49020d3da43350176401ca0750e7e653c6369865
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Tree_Diffuse.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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+size 8640248
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Trunk_Diffuse.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Trunk_Diffuse.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4193d7694858b0b9510b07f5beb222c6b4612771
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Trunk_Diffuse.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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+size 363980
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/VendingMachine.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/VendingMachine.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d12d91d8fcf23208af50512debe4720c6f448ba5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/VendingMachine.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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+size 440298
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/White.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/White.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6f617e5f51aa35a6a805a0c9779ce176f7e1f298
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/White.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:dc6ceec958d96ec84a2adfd5c927f2f64c76b13ce41d4045d11e57920cc6a53d
+size 11416
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Wood.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Wood.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5337f2889c60328b312e15009f147ffe8321226b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Wood.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:146b28badea95c023d434292b4c494f9b247e2621f7ccb3bb6b674f7d32cf475
+size 160638
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/WoodFloor.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/WoodFloor.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1a95139d5c9789f6164e648ede33f49055a8beec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/WoodFloor.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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+size 344512
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/WoodPlanks.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/WoodPlanks.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..49dafb22a67e12b0abe9fed1c12583ca5f8972f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/WoodPlanks.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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+size 832986
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Wood_05.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Wood_05.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..75e35fd1de6fead455e1f0be67a19836a6effd0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Wood_05.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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+size 2696996
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Wood_06.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Wood_06.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..26c6036da368268c786c451e8397c5f0defe4f5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/Wood_06.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/cork.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/cork.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..72ed87793c8e30b206afb4401d3eb6bbe2b699d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/cork.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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+size 1187105
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/earth.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/earth.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1bc6b20f38c3ce428ebb6e6f8438caba513da70a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/earth.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:ca32ae9e94b40b1e65bcf766914f0116ce51d3654acee07183e5a80befc7ff88
+size 1630849
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/kabel.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/kabel.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5c1686e04f1e509e83e3fedc25536f901e7bce76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/kabel.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:a55d97cb452ba9c590d3e82b8985d8fba276ff0fa8f2d8daef998a96b79de00d
+size 38212
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/leaves.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/leaves.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bbc025a158aa6dd5ed5833aa680c991bf6e80941
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/leaves.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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+size 319840
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/metal.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/metal.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a62f65030d569a758da28b2e79335b18836021a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/metal.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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+size 1023657
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/mirror.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/mirror.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..03dcea11677f40954bee3536e87352a467957008
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/mirror.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/radiator.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/radiator.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6dbfe54f64982d32e9293c16914af3c272ac7539
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/radiator.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:0c83aa5cea371c1f2769b055e89d5d47f6bd74a1a40ebb21b8ec8d8276134885
+size 137887
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/soda-vending-machine.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/soda-vending-machine.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..48f204370a8ab6198e730835bef8cd460ac165ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/soda-vending-machine.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:980dea238b55d6e4937fa43f33331594133041c3ca4ce0db761771dbed8ad10a
+size 97860
diff --git a/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/texture.jpg b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/texture.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c7bf42a625cbe95e4e2e252f223a9a0937e752ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/UniversityScene/textures/texture.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:30b1079213668f6063da43cd28e7e7440d3f28109865485971f05bf4e0ae8f8c
+size 333535
diff --git a/resources/models/bunny.mtl b/resources/models/bunny.mtl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..414500689c589265b7198c079148292b8274b35f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/bunny.mtl
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:df315aa5e160c0c60b1838efb060f9c73577ec224c77dc16655681495cdcb63d
+size 345
diff --git a/resources/models/bunny.obj b/resources/models/bunny.obj
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d46afd080ae893b8a3ff180c2651a0753a762904
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/models/bunny.obj
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:30d796cb741f932a0c5b5dafabd88635ca2b3677156024d9fd87ec39908cd030
+size 198461
diff --git a/resources/shader/phong.frag b/resources/shader/phong.frag
index 0ad0e72749d628a4551a074d80d9480e0d18ad24..34621a73dcc081aa952e320043ef3cc3a8fc82ae 100644
--- a/resources/shader/phong.frag
+++ b/resources/shader/phong.frag
@@ -2,50 +2,62 @@
 
 layout(location = 0) in vec3 in_position;
 layout(location = 1) in vec3 in_normal;
+layout(location = 2) in vec2 in_tex_coord;
 
 //material
 struct Material {
+    uvec4 texture_toggle; // x ambient, y diffuse, z specular, w unused
     vec3 ambient;
     vec3 diffuse;
     vec3 specular;
+    sampler2D ambient_tex;
+	sampler2D diffuse_tex;
+	sampler2D specular_tex;
     float shininess;
 }; 
 uniform Material material;
 
 //light source
 struct DirectionalLight {
-    vec3 direction;
-	vec3 color;
+    vec4 direction;
+	vec4 color;
 	float intensity;
 };
-uniform DirectionalLight light;  
+
+layout(std140, binding = 0) uniform Lights {
+	uint num_lights;
+	DirectionalLight light[512]; // arbitrarily chosen max value
+};
 
 out vec4 frag_color;
 
 void main() {
 
+	vec4 color_out = vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
+
 	//lighting is so far done in world space
 	vec3 normal = normalize(in_normal);
 
-	//light direction should be the one the light is pointing to,so:
-	vec3 lightDir = -normalize(light.direction);
+	for(int i = 0; i < num_lights; ++i) {
+		//light direction should be the one the light is pointing to,so:
+		vec3 lightDir = -normalize(light[i].direction.xyz);
 	
-	float lambertian = max(dot(lightDir,normal), 0.0);
-	float specularf = 0.0;
+		float lambertian = max(dot(lightDir,normal), 0.0);
+		float specularf = 0.0;
 
-	if(lambertian > 0.0) {
+		if(lambertian > 0.0) {
 
-		vec3 viewDir = normalize(-in_position);
+			vec3 viewDir = normalize(-in_position);
 
-		// this is blinn phong
-		vec3 halfDir = normalize(lightDir + viewDir);
-		float specAngle = max(dot(halfDir, normal), 0.0);
-		specularf = pow(specAngle, material.shininess);
+			// this is blinn phong
+			vec3 halfDir = normalize(lightDir + viewDir);
+			float specAngle = max(dot(halfDir, normal), 0.0);
+			specularf = pow(specAngle, material.shininess);
 	   
-	}
-	
-	vec3 ambient  = light.intensity * light.color * material.ambient;
-	vec3 diffuse  = light.intensity * light.color * (lambertian * material.diffuse);
-	vec3 specular = light.intensity * light.color * (specularf * material.specular);
-	frag_color = vec4(ambient + diffuse + specular , 1.0);
+		}	
+	  vec3 ambient  = light[i].intensity * light[i].color.xyz *               (material.texture_toggle.x == 0 ? material.ambient  : texture(material.ambient_tex , in_tex_coord).xyz);
+	  vec3 diffuse  = light[i].intensity * light[i].color.xyz * (lambertian * (material.texture_toggle.y == 0 ? material.diffuse  : texture(material.diffuse_tex , in_tex_coord).xyz));
+	  vec3 specular = light[i].intensity * light[i].color.xyz * (specularf  * (material.texture_toggle.z == 0 ? material.specular : texture(material.specular_tex, in_tex_coord).xyz));
+  	  frag_color = vec4(ambient + diffuse + specular , 1.0);
+  }
 }
diff --git a/resources/shader/phong.vert b/resources/shader/phong.vert
index d9bf84b1b86927010bb80e4dfd38b720cd3ecd4e..a260f6725f188116222e0c9481e398bd8caa444c 100644
--- a/resources/shader/phong.vert
+++ b/resources/shader/phong.vert
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 layout(location = 0) in vec3 in_position;
 layout(location = 1) in vec3 in_normal;
+layout(location = 2) in vec2 in_tex_coord;
 
 uniform mat4 model_matrix;
 uniform mat4 view_matrix;
@@ -9,6 +10,7 @@ uniform mat4 projection_matrix;
 
 layout(location = 0) out vec3 out_position;
 layout(location = 1) out vec3 out_normal;
+layout(location = 2) out vec2 out_tex_coord;
 
 void main(void)
 {
@@ -19,4 +21,5 @@ void main(void)
 	gl_Position = projection_matrix * vertPos4;
 	vec4 vertNormal4 = model_matrix * vec4(in_normal, 0.0);
 	out_normal = vertNormal4.xyz;
+	out_tex_coord = in_tex_coord;
 }
diff --git a/resources/textures/phoenix_black.png b/resources/textures/phoenix_black.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a8f86b0116743c396406f956fb32c913ad3eecec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/textures/phoenix_black.png
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:737887d02565dfec67d5ed38c5192dfd284e914f3302bd82dffcf738aaf2f6b0
+size 52408
diff --git a/resources/textures/splash.png b/resources/textures/splash.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6a4809d1372e11d28d5c71f10519cb2ed22abf54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/textures/splash.png
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:785fa982276adb548d568424ee7513b8a9c0bd627eee4f09199b81bc10b3da15
+size 81072
diff --git a/resources/textures/splash_progress.png b/resources/textures/splash_progress.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..31ae470a609488cd943b81b33c304e160ccb8238
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/textures/splash_progress.png
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:ed3824f6203e5e7113653d522c48b2bbcb6786a03f8a480d1724ed612063de9c
+size 80052
diff --git a/resources/textures/test.jpg b/resources/textures/test.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9b121bad6af1212d1337b13d6408d5c8fe2f99e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/textures/test.jpg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:f9a7136ec7d35d156e04cbb07706695369279ba7f6f86502e7654a4cf42624d2
+size 56740
diff --git a/tests/CMakeLists.txt b/tests/CMakeLists.txt
index c527e7e8b0574a68b6474586d5c02673beae4ef2..05cafcf094986a02900f8a2628e66fa27472f974 100644
--- a/tests/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/tests/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -41,45 +41,57 @@ get_target_property(phoenix_include_directories
   phoenix INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
 get_target_property(sdl2_include_directories
   ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_SDL2} INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
+get_target_property(openvr_include_directories
+  ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_openvr} INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
 get_target_property(gl_include_directories
   ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_gl} INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
 
 
-#add a gl target without glew dependency for mock testing
-add_library(gl_without_glew INTERFACE IMPORTED)
-get_target_property(gl_link_libraries ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_gl} INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES)
-list(REMOVE_ITEM gl_link_libraries ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_glew})
-set_property(TARGET gl_without_glew PROPERTY INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES ${gl_link_libraries})
-get_target_property(gl_include_dir ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_gl} INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
-set_property(TARGET gl_without_glew PROPERTY INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES ${gl_include_dir})
-get_target_property(gl_compile_definitions ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_gl} INTERFACE_COMPILE_DEFINITIONS)
-set_property(TARGET gl_without_glew PROPERTY INTERFACE_COMPILE_DEFINITIONS ${gl_compile_definitions})
-get_target_property(gl_compile_options ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_gl} INTERFACE_COMPILE_OPTIONS)
-set_property(TARGET gl_without_glew PROPERTY INTERFACE_COMPILE_OPTIONS ${gl_compile_options})
-
+macro(add_mock_lib mock_name mock_src_path)
+  add_library(${mock_name} SHARED
+    ${mock_src_path}/${mock_name}.cpp
+    ${mock_src_path}/${mock_name}.hpp
+  )
+  target_link_libraries(${mock_name}
+    ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_trompeloeil})
+  set_property(TARGET ${mock_name} PROPERTY FOLDER "Tests")
+  set_warning_levels_rwth(${mock_name})
+endmacro()
 
 # generate opengl_mock
 set( OPENGL_MOCK_SOURCE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/mocks)
 set( OPENGL_MOCK_GENERATOR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/mocks/generation/Create_openGL_mock.py)
-if( NOT EXISTS ${OPENGL_MOCK_SOURCE}/open_gl_mock.cpp OR ${OPENGL_MOCK_GENERATOR} IS_NEWER_THAN ${OPENGL_MOCK_SOURCE}/open_gl_mock.cpp)
-	file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/mocks")
-	EXECUTE_PROCESS(COMMAND ${PYTHON_EXECUTABLE} "${OPENGL_MOCK_GENERATOR}" -g "${glew_include_directories}" -m "${OPENGL_MOCK_SOURCE}/" -t "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/mocks/generation/")
+if( NOT EXISTS ${OPENGL_MOCK_SOURCE}/opengl_mock.cpp OR 
+    ${OPENGL_MOCK_GENERATOR} IS_NEWER_THAN 
+    ${OPENGL_MOCK_SOURCE}/opengl_mock.cpp)
+  file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/mocks")
+  EXECUTE_PROCESS(COMMAND ${PYTHON_EXECUTABLE} 
+    "${OPENGL_MOCK_GENERATOR}" 
+    -g "${glew_include_directories}" 
+    -m "${OPENGL_MOCK_SOURCE}/" 
+    -t "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/mocks/generation/")
 endif()
-add_library(opengl_mock SHARED
-  ${OPENGL_MOCK_SOURCE}/open_gl_mock.cpp
-  ${OPENGL_MOCK_SOURCE}/open_gl_mock.hpp
-)
+
+add_mock_lib(opengl_mock ${OPENGL_MOCK_SOURCE})
 target_include_directories(opengl_mock
   PUBLIC ${OPENGL_MOCK_SOURCE}
   PUBLIC ${glew_include_directories})
-target_link_libraries(opengl_mock
-  ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_trompeloeil})
 target_compile_definitions(opengl_mock
   PRIVATE OPENGL_MOCK_BUILD)
-set_property(TARGET opengl_mock PROPERTY FOLDER "Tests")
-set_warning_levels_rwth(opengl_mock)
 generate_export_header(opengl_mock
-  EXPORT_FILE_NAME ${OPENGL_MOCK_SOURCE}/open_gl_mock_export.hpp
+  EXPORT_FILE_NAME ${OPENGL_MOCK_SOURCE}/opengl_mock_export.hpp
+)
+
+# generate openvr_mock
+add_mock_lib(openvr_mock ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/mocks)
+target_include_directories(openvr_mock
+  PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src
+  PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/mocks
+  PUBLIC ${openvr_include_directories})
+target_compile_definitions(openvr_mock
+  PRIVATE OPENVR_MOCK_BUILD)
+generate_export_header(openvr_mock
+  EXPORT_FILE_NAME ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/mocks/openvr_mock_export.hpp
 )
 
 #the opengl mock gets quite large due to the trompleoeil templates
@@ -104,12 +116,23 @@ target_link_libraries(test_utilities
   phoenix)
 set_warning_levels_rwth(test_utilities)
 
-# generate the overall non-mock tests
+
+#get the gl link library
+if(TARGET CONAN_LIB::gl_gl)
+  get_target_property(gl_link_library CONAN_LIB::gl_gl LOCATION)
+elseif(TARGET CONAN_LIB::gl_glrelease)
+  get_target_property(gl_imported_location_rel CONAN_LIB::gl_glrelease LOCATION)
+  get_target_property(gl_imported_location_deb CONAN_LIB::gl_gldebug LOCATION)
+  set(gl_link_library "$<$<CONFIG:Release>:${gl_imported_location_rel}>$<$<CONFIG:Debug>:${gl_imported_location_deb}>")
+else()
+  message(FATAL_ERROR "You are using a conan version older than 0.29, please update e.g. by \"pip install conan --upgrade\"")
+endif()
+
 set(IS_BUILD_SERVER FALSE CACHE BOOL "Is this the build server? So we, e.g., simulate user input for tests requiring it.")
 
 
 macro(add_mocked_test cpp_file)
-  set(options MOCK_GLEW MOCK_SDL)
+  set(options MOCK_GLEW MOCK_SDL MOCK_OPENVR)
   set(oneValueArgs )
   set(multiValueArgs )
   cmake_parse_arguments(ADD_MOCKED_TEST
@@ -120,7 +143,7 @@ macro(add_mocked_test cpp_file)
   set(test_sources src/tests.cpp src/${cpp_file}.cpp)
   add_executable(${cpp_file} ${test_sources})
 
-  add_dependencies(${cpp_file} phoenix)
+  add_dependencies(${cpp_file} phoenix test_utilities)
 
   ADD_TEST_CATCH_INTERNAL_(${cpp_file} ${test_sources} "")
 
@@ -128,6 +151,7 @@ macro(add_mocked_test cpp_file)
   target_include_directories(${cpp_file}
     PRIVATE ${phoenix_include_directories}
     PRIVATE ${glew_include_directories}
+	PRIVATE ${gl_include_directories}
     PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
     PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src
     PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
@@ -141,7 +165,8 @@ macro(add_mocked_test cpp_file)
     list(REMOVE_ITEM phoenix_link_libraries ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_SDL2})
     list(REMOVE_ITEM phoenix_link_libraries ${OPENGL_LIBRARIES})
     list(APPEND phoenix_link_libraries opengl_mock)
-    list(APPEND phoenix_link_libraries gl_without_glew)
+    list(APPEND phoenix_link_libraries ${gl_link_library})
+	
   endif(${ADD_MOCKED_TEST_MOCK_GLEW})
 
   if(${ADD_MOCKED_TEST_MOCK_SDL})
@@ -154,12 +179,17 @@ macro(add_mocked_test cpp_file)
     list(REMOVE_ITEM phoenix_link_libraries ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_SDL2})
   endif(${ADD_MOCKED_TEST_MOCK_SDL})
 
+  if(${ADD_MOCKED_TEST_MOCK_OPENVR})
+    list(REMOVE_ITEM phoenix_link_libraries ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_openvr})
+    list(APPEND phoenix_link_libraries openvr_mock)
+  endif(${ADD_MOCKED_TEST_MOCK_OPENVR})
+
   target_link_libraries(${cpp_file}
     ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_trompeloeil}
     ${CONAN_OR_CMAKE_catch}
+	$<TARGET_FILE:phoenix>
     ${phoenix_link_libraries}
     $<TARGET_FILE:test_utilities>
-    $<TARGET_FILE:phoenix>
   )
 endmacro()
 
@@ -189,12 +219,17 @@ add_test_cpplint(NAME "phoenix-tests--cpplint"
 # Only tests that require mocking need to be specified separately here.
 # By doing so they are removed from ${PHOENIX_TEST_SOURCES} automatically.
 add_mocked_test(test_clear_pass MOCK_GLEW)
-add_mocked_test(test_input_system MOCK_SDL)
+add_mocked_test(test_input_system MOCK_SDL MOCK_OPENVR)
 add_mocked_test(test_geometry_pass MOCK_GLEW MOCK_SDL)
 add_mocked_test(test_rendering_system MOCK_GLEW MOCK_SDL)
-add_mocked_test(test_window MOCK_SDL)
 add_mocked_test(test_shader MOCK_GLEW)
+add_mocked_test(test_display_system MOCK_SDL)
+add_mocked_test(test_engine MOCK_SDL MOCK_OPENVR)
+add_mocked_test(test_tracking_system MOCK_SDL MOCK_OPENVR)
 
+add_mocked_test(integration_test_model_rendering MOCK_OPENVR)
+add_mocked_test(integration_test_opengl_buffer_data_download MOCK_OPENVR)
+add_mocked_test(integration_test_rendering MOCK_OPENVR)
 
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tests/src/integration_test_model_rendering.cpp b/tests/src/integration_test_model_rendering.cpp
index f3c27f0daf9a46fee87e1246e7749e85137dfd16..6c9176ea0880983121bdbe6b8fdfa60e31b20b79 100644
--- a/tests/src/integration_test_model_rendering.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/integration_test_model_rendering.cpp
@@ -24,31 +24,51 @@
 
 #include "catch/catch.hpp"
 
-#include "phx/assimp_loader.hpp"
+#include "phx/assimp_model_loader.hpp"
+#include "phx/display_system.hpp"
+#include "phx/frame_timer.hpp"
+#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
+#include "phx/mesh_handle.hpp"
 #include "phx/opengl_image_buffer_data.hpp"
 #include "phx/rendering_system.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_declaration.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_manager.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_proxy.hpp"
 #include "phx/scene.hpp"
 #include "phx/setup.hpp"
 #include "phx/window.hpp"
-#include "phx/frame_timer.hpp"
 
 #include "test_utilities/opengl_buffer_data_comparison.hpp"
 
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "mocks/openvr_mock.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+
 #include "trompeloeil.hpp"
 
 extern template struct trompeloeil::reporter<trompeloeil::specialized>;
 
-phx::Entity* LoadBunny(glm::vec3 pos, float angleDeg, glm::vec3 diffuse_color,
-                       phx::AssimpLoader* loader);
-phx::Entity* LoadBunny(glm::vec3 pos, float angleDeg, glm::vec3 diffuse_color,
-                       phx::AssimpLoader* loader) {
-  phx::Entity* bunny = loader->LoadModelFile("models/bunny.obj")[0];
+phx::Entity* LoadBunny(glm::vec3 pos, float angleDeg,
+                       unsigned int material_index, phx::Scene* scene) {
+  phx::ResourceDeclaration bunny_declaration{"0;models/bunny.obj"};
+  auto bunny_proxy =
+      phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource(bunny_declaration);
+  bunny_proxy->Load();
+
+  phx::Entity* bunny = scene->CreateEntity();
 
-  phx::Material* material = bunny->AddComponent<phx::Material>();
-  material->SetDiffuseColor(diffuse_color);
-  material->SetSpecularColor(glm::vec3(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f));
-  material->SetAmbientColor(glm::vec3(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f));
-  material->SetShininess(200.0f);
+  phx::MeshHandle* bunny_handle = bunny->AddComponent<phx::MeshHandle>();
+  bunny_handle->SetMeshProxy(bunny_proxy);
+
+  phx::MaterialHandle* bunny_material_handle =
+      bunny->AddComponent<phx::MaterialHandle>();
+
+  phx::ResourceDeclaration bunny_material_declaration{
+      "material:" + std::to_string(material_index) + ";models/bunny.obj"};
+  auto bunny_material_proxy = phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource(
+      bunny_material_declaration);
+  bunny_material_proxy->Load();
+  bunny_material_handle->SetMaterialProxy(bunny_material_proxy);
 
   phx::Transform* bunny_transform = bunny->AddComponent<phx::Transform>();
   bunny_transform->SetLocalTranslation(pos);
@@ -82,24 +102,25 @@ SCENARIO(
     "A model can be loaded and rendered with different trasformations and "
     "materials.",
     "[phx][phx::ModelLoading]") {
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.Get(), VR_IsHmdPresent()).RETURN(false);
   GIVEN("A complete scene with two differently colored bunnies.") {
     std::unique_ptr<phx::Engine> engine = phx::Setup::CreateDefaultEngine();
     auto scene = engine->GetScene();
 
-    phx::AssimpLoader loader(scene.get());
-
     SetupLightAndCamera(scene.get());
 
-    phx::Entity* bunny1 = LoadBunny(glm::vec3(0.15f, -0.1f, 0.0f), 0.0f,
-                                    glm::vec3(0.8f, 0.8f, 0.3f), &loader);
-    phx::Entity* bunny2 = LoadBunny(glm::vec3(-0.15f, -0.1f, 0.0f), 180.0f,
-                                    glm::vec3(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.9f), &loader);
+    phx::Entity* bunny1 =
+        LoadBunny(glm::vec3(0.15f, -0.1f, 0.0f), 0.0f, 1, scene.get());
+    phx::Entity* bunny2 =
+        LoadBunny(glm::vec3(-0.15f, -0.1f, 0.0f), 180.0f, 2, scene.get());
 
     auto rendering_system = engine->GetSystem<phx::RenderingSystem>();
+    auto display_system = engine->GetSystem<phx::DisplaySystem>();
 
     WHEN("We render the scene") {
       rendering_system->Initialize();
       rendering_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo());
+      display_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo());
       THEN("the rendering matches our reference image") {
         phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB> buffer(
             1024, 768);
@@ -115,20 +136,21 @@ SCENARIO(
 SCENARIO(
     "If no light and camera are give the model rendering takes default values",
     "[phx][phx::ModelLoading]") {
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.Get(), VR_IsHmdPresent()).RETURN(false);
   GIVEN("A complete scene with two differently colored bunnies.") {
     std::unique_ptr<phx::Engine> engine = phx::Setup::CreateDefaultEngine();
     auto scene = engine->GetScene();
 
-    phx::AssimpLoader loader(scene.get());
-
-    phx::Entity* bunny1 = LoadBunny(glm::vec3(0.0f, -0.1f, -0.3f), 0.0f,
-                                    glm::vec3(0.8f, 0.8f, 0.3f), &loader);
+    phx::Entity* bunny1 =
+        LoadBunny(glm::vec3(0.0f, -0.1f, -0.3f), 0.0f, 1, scene.get());
 
     auto rendering_system = engine->GetSystem<phx::RenderingSystem>();
+    auto display_system = engine->GetSystem<phx::DisplaySystem>();
 
     WHEN("We render the scene") {
       rendering_system->Initialize();
       rendering_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo{});
+      display_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo());
       THEN("the rendering matches our reference image") {
         phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB> buffer(
             1024, 768);
diff --git a/tests/src/integration_test_opengl_buffer_data_download.cpp b/tests/src/integration_test_opengl_buffer_data_download.cpp
index 23f341a5c304594e0e90ebadc70cc915d16dd294..52e2ebe82271ee8e3ae6a8587b98238cb17fcaa4 100644
--- a/tests/src/integration_test_opengl_buffer_data_download.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/integration_test_opengl_buffer_data_download.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 
 #include <iostream>
 #include <memory>
+#include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "catch/catch.hpp"
@@ -29,14 +30,28 @@
 #include "phx/engine.hpp"
 #include "phx/entity.hpp"
 #include "phx/mesh.hpp"
+#include "phx/mesh_handle.hpp"
 #include "phx/opengl_image_buffer_data.hpp"
 #include "phx/rendering_system.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_declaration.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_manager.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_proxy.hpp"
 #include "phx/scene.hpp"
 #include "phx/setup.hpp"
 #include "phx/window.hpp"
 
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "mocks/openvr_mock.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+
+#include "test_utilities/dummy_material_generator.hpp"
+#include "test_utilities/dummy_mesh_generator.hpp"
 #include "test_utilities/opengl_buffer_data_comparison.hpp"
 
+#include "trompeloeil.hpp"
+
+extern template struct trompeloeil::reporter<trompeloeil::specialized>;
+
 class EngineStopTestSystem : public phx::System {
  public:
   explicit EngineStopTestSystem(phx::Engine* engine, int stop_in_frame = 1)
@@ -74,21 +89,34 @@ class SceneSetupSimple {
     phx::Entity* triangle = scene->CreateEntity();
     triangle->AddComponent<phx::Transform>();
 
-    phx::Material* material = triangle->AddComponent<phx::Material>();
-    material->SetDiffuseColor(glm::vec3(0.f, 0.f, 0.f));
-    material->SetSpecularColor(glm::vec3(0.f, 0.f, 0.f));
-    material->SetAmbientColor(glm::vec3(1.f, 0.5f, 0.25f));
-    material->SetShininess(500.0f);
+    phx::ResourceManager::instance().RegisterResourceType(
+        ".custommaterial",
+        std::make_unique<phx::DummyMaterialGenerator>(
+            glm::vec3(), glm::vec3(), glm::vec3(1.f, 0.5f, 0.25f), 500.0f));
+    auto material_proxy = phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource(
+        "dummy.custommaterial");
+    material_proxy->Load();
+
+    phx::MaterialHandle* material_handle =
+        triangle->AddComponent<phx::MaterialHandle>();
+    material_handle->SetMaterialProxy(material_proxy);
 
-    phx::Mesh* mesh = triangle->AddComponent<phx::Mesh>();
     std::vector<glm::vec3> vertices = {
         {-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.5f}, {1.0f, -1.0f, 0.5f}, {1.0f, 1.0f, 0.5f}};
-    mesh->SetVertices(vertices);
-    std::vector<unsigned int> indices = {0u, 1u, 2u};
-    mesh->SetIndices(indices);
     std::vector<glm::vec3> normals = {
         {0.f, 0.f, 1.f}, {0.f, 0.f, 1.f}, {0.f, 0.f, 1.f}};
-    mesh->SetNormals(normals);
+    std::vector<unsigned int> indices = {0u, 1u, 2u};
+
+    phx::ResourceManager::instance().RegisterResourceType(
+        ".staticmesh",
+        std::make_unique<phx::DummyMeshLoader>(
+            std::move(vertices), std::move(normals), std::move(indices)));
+    auto mesh_proxy =
+        phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource("dummy.staticmesh");
+    mesh_proxy->Load();
+
+    auto mesh_handle = triangle->AddComponent<phx::MeshHandle>();
+    mesh_handle->SetMeshProxy(mesh_proxy);
 
     phx::Entity* main_light = scene->CreateEntity();
     main_light->AddComponent<phx::Transform>();
@@ -105,10 +133,12 @@ class SceneSetupSimple {
 
  private:
   std::unique_ptr<phx::Engine> engine_;
+  std::unique_ptr<phx::Mesh> test_mesh_;
 };
 
 SCENARIO("OpenGLImageBufferData can download pixels from the frame buffer",
          ".") {
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.Get(), VR_IsHmdPresent()).RETURN(false);
   GIVEN("An empty, black frame buffer") {
     using test_utilities::OpenGLBufferComparison;
     // setup empty scene
diff --git a/tests/src/integration_test_rendering.cpp b/tests/src/integration_test_rendering.cpp
index 88084d7969edfb1c22011ebe83673e1608b7a571..2a5c27425a98ba3bd9423a1ac9e674c31adf3949 100644
--- a/tests/src/integration_test_rendering.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/integration_test_rendering.cpp
@@ -21,16 +21,29 @@
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #include <memory>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include "catch/catch.hpp"
 
+#include "phx/display_system.hpp"
 #include "phx/frame_timer.hpp"
+#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
+#include "phx/mesh_handle.hpp"
 #include "phx/opengl_image_buffer_data.hpp"
 #include "phx/rendering_system.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_manager.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_proxy.hpp"
 #include "phx/scene.hpp"
 #include "phx/setup.hpp"
 #include "phx/window.hpp"
 
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "mocks/openvr_mock.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+
+#include "test_utilities/dummy_material_generator.hpp"
+#include "test_utilities/dummy_mesh_generator.hpp"
 #include "test_utilities/opengl_buffer_data_comparison.hpp"
 
 #include "trompeloeil.hpp"
@@ -57,29 +70,56 @@ void SetupLightAndCamera(phx::Scene* scene) {
   camera_transform->LookAt(glm::vec3(0, 0, 0));
 }
 
+void CreateTestTriangleComponent(phx::Entity* triangle) {
+  std::vector<glm::vec3> vertices = {
+      {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f}};
+  std::vector<glm::vec3> normals = {
+      {0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}};
+
+  std::vector<unsigned int> indices = {0u, 1u, 2u};
+
+  phx::ResourceManager::instance().RegisterResourceType(
+      ".staticmesh",
+      std::make_unique<phx::DummyMeshLoader>(
+          std::move(vertices), std::move(normals), std::move(indices)));
+  auto mesh_proxy =
+      phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource("dummy.staticmesh");
+  mesh_proxy->Load();
+
+  phx::MeshHandle* mesh_handle = triangle->AddComponent<phx::MeshHandle>();
+  mesh_handle->SetMeshProxy(mesh_proxy);
+}
+
 SCENARIO("We can render a simple triangle", "[phx][phx::Rendering]") {
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.Get(), VR_IsHmdPresent()).RETURN(false);
   GIVEN("A complete triangle") {
     std::unique_ptr<phx::Engine> engine = phx::Setup::CreateDefaultEngine();
     auto rendering_system = engine->GetSystem<phx::RenderingSystem>();
+    auto display_system = engine->GetSystem<phx::DisplaySystem>();
     auto scene = engine->GetScene();
 
     SetupLightAndCamera(scene.get());
 
     phx::Entity* triangle = scene->CreateEntity();
-    phx::Mesh* mesh = triangle->AddComponent<phx::Mesh>();
-    mesh->SetVertices(
-        {{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f}});
-    mesh->SetNormals(
-        {{0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}});
-    mesh->SetIndices({0u, 1u, 2u});
+    CreateTestTriangleComponent(triangle);
+
+    phx::ResourceManager::instance().RegisterResourceType(
+        ".custommaterial", std::make_unique<phx::DummyMaterialGenerator>(
+                               glm::vec3(0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f), glm::vec3(1, 1, 1),
+                               glm::vec3(), 500.0f));
+    auto material_proxy = phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource(
+        "dummy.custommaterial");
+    material_proxy->Load();
+
     phx::Transform* transform = triangle->AddComponent<phx::Transform>();
-    phx::Material* material = triangle->AddComponent<phx::Material>();
-    material->SetDiffuseColor(glm::vec3(0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f));
-    material->SetShininess(500.0f);
+    phx::MaterialHandle* material_handle =
+        triangle->AddComponent<phx::MaterialHandle>();
+    material_handle->SetMaterialProxy(material_proxy);
 
     WHEN("We render the scene") {
       rendering_system->Initialize();
       rendering_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo{});
+      display_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo{});
       THEN("the rendering matches our reference image") {
         phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB> buffer(
             1024, 768);
@@ -94,25 +134,23 @@ SCENARIO("We can render a simple triangle", "[phx][phx::Rendering]") {
 
 SCENARIO("If no material given a default red one is taken.",
          "[phx][phx::Rendering]") {
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.Get(), VR_IsHmdPresent()).RETURN(false);
   GIVEN("A triangle without material") {
     std::unique_ptr<phx::Engine> engine = phx::Setup::CreateDefaultEngine();
     auto rendering_system = engine->GetSystem<phx::RenderingSystem>();
+    auto display_system = engine->GetSystem<phx::DisplaySystem>();
     auto scene = engine->GetScene();
 
     SetupLightAndCamera(scene.get());
 
     phx::Entity* triangle = scene->CreateEntity();
-    phx::Mesh* mesh = triangle->AddComponent<phx::Mesh>();
-    mesh->SetVertices(
-        {{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f}});
-    mesh->SetNormals(
-        {{0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}});
-    mesh->SetIndices({0u, 1u, 2u});
+    CreateTestTriangleComponent(triangle);
     phx::Transform* transform = triangle->AddComponent<phx::Transform>();
 
     WHEN("We render the scene") {
       rendering_system->Initialize();
       rendering_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo{});
+      display_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo{});
       THEN("the rendering matches our reference image") {
         phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB> buffer(
             1024, 768);
@@ -124,39 +162,3 @@ SCENARIO("If no material given a default red one is taken.",
     }
   }
 }
-
-SCENARIO(
-    "If no normals are given the program does not crash and uses default "
-    "normals.",
-    "[phx][phx::Rendering]") {
-  GIVEN("A triangle without normals") {
-    std::unique_ptr<phx::Engine> engine = phx::Setup::CreateDefaultEngine();
-    auto rendering_system = engine->GetSystem<phx::RenderingSystem>();
-    auto scene = engine->GetScene();
-
-    SetupLightAndCamera(scene.get());
-
-    phx::Entity* triangle = scene->CreateEntity();
-    phx::Mesh* mesh = triangle->AddComponent<phx::Mesh>();
-    mesh->SetVertices(
-        {{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f}});
-    mesh->SetIndices({0u, 1u, 2u});
-    phx::Transform* transform = triangle->AddComponent<phx::Transform>();
-    phx::Material* material = triangle->AddComponent<phx::Material>();
-    material->SetDiffuseColor(glm::vec3(0.5f, 0.2f, 1.0f));
-    material->SetShininess(500.0f);
-
-    WHEN("We render the scene") {
-      rendering_system->Initialize();
-      rendering_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo{});
-      THEN("the rendering matches our reference image") {
-        phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB> buffer(
-            1024, 768);
-        buffer.ReadColorPixels(true);
-        test_utilities::OpenGLBufferComparison::
-            REQUIRE_REFERENCE_IMAGE_SIMILARITY(
-                buffer, "triangle_without_normals.png", 1.0);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
diff --git a/tests/src/mocks/generation/Create_openGL_mock.py b/tests/src/mocks/generation/Create_openGL_mock.py
index 8af1f2e49349216276d44aa2be46496be27cd80c..da4120f75497a8efc4336a97a88ff9a46c6ed0fb 100644
--- a/tests/src/mocks/generation/Create_openGL_mock.py
+++ b/tests/src/mocks/generation/Create_openGL_mock.py
@@ -60,7 +60,9 @@ functions_to_mock =['glClear', 'glEnable', 'glClearColor', 'glCreateProgram', 'g
                     '__glewGetNamedBufferSubData', '__glewMapNamedBuffer', '__glewMapNamedBufferRange', '__glewNamedBufferStorage', '__glewNamedBufferSubData',
                     '__glewUnmapNamedBuffer', '__glewInvalidateBufferData', '__glewInvalidateBufferSubData', '__glewDisableVertexArrayAttrib', '__glewGetVertexArrayIndexed64iv',
                     '__glewGetVertexArrayIndexediv', '__glewGetVertexArrayiv', '__glewVertexArrayAttribBinding', '__glewVertexArrayAttribIFormat', '__glewVertexArrayAttribLFormat',
-                    '__glewVertexArrayBindingDivisor', '__glewDeleteVertexArrays']
+                    '__glewVertexArrayBindingDivisor', '__glewDeleteVertexArrays', 'glBindTexture', 'glDeleteTextures', '__glewCreateTextures', '__glewNamedFramebufferTexture', 
+					'__glewTextureStorage2D', '__glewBindFramebuffer', 'glIsTexture', '__glewGetTextureHandleARB', '__glewGenerateTextureMipmap', '__glewTextureParameteri', '__glewTextureSubImage2D',
+					'__glewBindBufferBase']
 
 #allow calls you want to provide and not be auto generated
 allow_calls_provided = ['ALLOW_CALL(open_gl_mock, glewInit()).RETURN(GLEW_OK);',
@@ -79,7 +81,9 @@ allow_calls_provided = ['ALLOW_CALL(open_gl_mock, glewInit()).RETURN(GLEW_OK);',
                         'ALLOW_CALL(open_gl_mock, glIsVertexArray(gt(0u))).RETURN(true);',
                         'ALLOW_CALL(open_gl_mock, glLinkProgram(gt(0u)));',
                         'ALLOW_CALL(open_gl_mock, glGetProgramInfoLog(_, _, _, _)).SIDE_EFFECT(*_3 = 0);',
-                        'ALLOW_CALL(open_gl_mock, glGetProgramiv(_, _, _)).SIDE_EFFECT(*_3 = GL_TRUE);']
+                        'ALLOW_CALL(open_gl_mock, glGetProgramiv(_, _, _)).SIDE_EFFECT(*_3 = GL_TRUE);',
+						'ALLOW_CALL(open_gl_mock, glIsFramebuffer(gt(0u))).RETURN(true);',
+						'ALLOW_CALL(open_gl_mock, glCheckNamedFramebufferStatus(gt(0u),_)).RETURN(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE);']
 
 #order does matter here, so prefixes of other types should come later
 gl_types = ['GLuint64EXT', 'GLint64EXT', 'GLintptr', 'GLsizeiptr', 'GLint64', 'GLuint64', 'GLboolean', 'GLbyte', 'GLubyte', 
@@ -234,8 +238,8 @@ def Write_Method_Definitions(source_file):
 
 
 def Write_Header():
-	header_template = open(template_path+'open_gl_mock_template.hpp')
-	header_file = open(mock_path+'open_gl_mock.hpp', 'w')
+	header_template = open(template_path+'opengl_mock_template.hpp')
+	header_file = open(mock_path+'opengl_mock.hpp', 'w')
     
 	template_lines = header_template.readlines()
 	for line in template_lines:
@@ -251,8 +255,8 @@ def Write_Header():
 	header_file.close()
 
 def Write_Source():
-	source_template = open(template_path+'open_gl_mock_template.cpp')
-	source_file = open(mock_path+'open_gl_mock.cpp', 'w')
+	source_template = open(template_path+'opengl_mock_template.cpp')
+	source_file = open(mock_path+'opengl_mock.cpp', 'w')
 
 	template_lines = source_template.readlines()
 	for line in template_lines:
diff --git a/tests/src/mocks/generation/open_gl_mock_template.cpp b/tests/src/mocks/generation/opengl_mock_template.cpp
similarity index 98%
rename from tests/src/mocks/generation/open_gl_mock_template.cpp
rename to tests/src/mocks/generation/opengl_mock_template.cpp
index 082571e106c15b06b8c52b4935d867a974a6992e..c3378b824cb7c2d5fe16e49552d535faeda2bd25 100644
--- a/tests/src/mocks/generation/open_gl_mock_template.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/mocks/generation/opengl_mock_template.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 <AUTO_GENERATION_WARNING>
 
-#include "open_gl_mock.hpp"
+#include "opengl_mock.hpp"
 
 #if defined __clang__
 #pragma clang diagnostic push
diff --git a/tests/src/mocks/generation/open_gl_mock_template.hpp b/tests/src/mocks/generation/opengl_mock_template.hpp
similarity index 98%
rename from tests/src/mocks/generation/open_gl_mock_template.hpp
rename to tests/src/mocks/generation/opengl_mock_template.hpp
index a0b462cbe3a97ed218055cff8fdb03d74e1d87e7..eae8271d8a2bab2289f9e42ecb87ac0b65b2d2b2 100644
--- a/tests/src/mocks/generation/open_gl_mock_template.hpp
+++ b/tests/src/mocks/generation/opengl_mock_template.hpp
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
 
 #include "trompeloeil.hpp"
 
-#include "open_gl_mock_export.hpp"
+#include "opengl_mock_export.hpp"
 
 using trompeloeil::_;
 using trompeloeil::ge;
diff --git a/tests/src/mocks/openvr_mock.cpp b/tests/src/mocks/openvr_mock.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f2195f0f4deca39d1313a23ad2b1e520db001cdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/src/mocks/openvr_mock.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "mocks/openvr_mock.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+
+#if defined __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wexit-time-destructors"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wglobal-constructors"
+#endif
+
+OpenVRMock openvr_mock;
+
+#if defined __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+namespace vr {
+
+extern "C" {
+
+bool VR_IsHmdPresent() { return openvr_mock.Get().VR_IsHmdPresent(); }
+
+void *VR_GetGenericInterface(const char *pchInterfaceVersion,
+                             EVRInitError *peError) {
+  return openvr_mock.Get().VR_GetGenericInterface(pchInterfaceVersion, peError);
+}
+
+uint32_t VR_InitInternal2(EVRInitError *peError,
+                          EVRApplicationType eApplicationType,
+                          const char *pStartupInfo) {
+  return openvr_mock.Get().VR_InitInternal2(peError, eApplicationType,
+                                            pStartupInfo);
+}
+void VR_ShutdownInternal() { openvr_mock.Get().VR_ShutdownInternal(); }
+bool VR_IsInterfaceVersionValid(const char *pchInterfaceVersion) {
+  return openvr_mock.Get().VR_IsInterfaceVersionValid(pchInterfaceVersion);
+}
+
+uint32_t VR_GetInitToken() { return openvr_mock.Get().VR_GetInitToken(); }
+
+HmdMatrix44_t IVRSystemMock::GetProjectionMatrix(vr::EVREye eye, float nearZ,
+                                                 float farZ) {
+  return OpenVRMock::toHMDMatrix44_t(
+      GetProjectionMatrixArray(eye, nearZ, farZ));
+}
+
+vr::HmdMatrix34_t IVRSystemMock::GetEyeToHeadTransform(EVREye eye) {
+  return OpenVRMock::toHMDMatrix34_t(GetEyeToHeadTransformArray(eye));
+}
+
+}  // extern "C"
+
+}  // namespace vr
+
+vr::HmdMatrix44_t OpenVRMock::toHMDMatrix44_t(float mat[16]) {
+  return {{{mat[0], mat[1], mat[2], mat[3]},
+           {mat[4], mat[5], mat[6], mat[7]},
+           {mat[8], mat[9], mat[10], mat[11]},
+           {mat[12], mat[13], mat[14], mat[15]}}};
+}
+
+vr::HmdMatrix34_t OpenVRMock::toHMDMatrix34_t(float mat[12]) {
+  return {{{mat[0], mat[1], mat[2], mat[3]},
+           {mat[4], mat[5], mat[6], mat[7]},
+           {mat[8], mat[9], mat[10], mat[11]}}};
+}
diff --git a/tests/src/mocks/openvr_mock.hpp b/tests/src/mocks/openvr_mock.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e80d97a10d44093d5bc8846bab28026d67887757
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/src/mocks/openvr_mock.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef TESTS_SRC_MOCKS_OPENVR_MOCK_HPP_
+#define TESTS_SRC_MOCKS_OPENVR_MOCK_HPP_
+
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#ifdef OPENVR_MOCK_BUILD
+#define VR_API_EXPORT
+#endif
+#include "openvr.h"  //NOLINT
+
+#include "trompeloeil.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+
+#include "openvr_mock_export.hpp"
+
+using trompeloeil::_;
+
+class OPENVR_MOCK_EXPORT OpenVRMockInternal {
+ public:
+  MAKE_MOCK0(VR_IsHmdPresent, bool());
+  MAKE_MOCK2(VR_GetGenericInterface, void*(const char*, vr::EVRInitError*));
+  MAKE_MOCK3(VR_InitInternal2,
+             uint32_t(vr::EVRInitError*, vr::EVRApplicationType, const char*));
+  MAKE_MOCK0(VR_ShutdownInternal, void());
+  MAKE_MOCK1(VR_IsInterfaceVersionValid, bool(const char*));
+  MAKE_MOCK0(VR_GetInitToken, uint32_t());
+};
+
+namespace vr {
+
+class OPENVR_MOCK_EXPORT IVRSystemMock : public IVRSystem {
+ public:
+  virtual ~IVRSystemMock() = default;
+  MAKE_MOCK2(GetRecommendedRenderTargetSize, void(uint32_t*, uint32_t*));
+  MAKE_MOCK5(GetProjectionRaw, void(EVREye, float*, float*, float*, float*));
+  MAKE_MOCK4(ComputeDistortion,
+             bool(EVREye, float, float, DistortionCoordinates_t*));
+  MAKE_MOCK2(GetTimeSinceLastVsync, bool(float*, uint64_t*));
+  MAKE_MOCK0(GetD3D9AdapterIndex, int32_t());
+  MAKE_MOCK1(GetDXGIOutputInfo, void(int32_t*));
+  MAKE_MOCK3(GetOutputDevice, void(uint64_t*, ETextureType, VkInstance_T*));
+  MAKE_MOCK0(IsDisplayOnDesktop, bool());
+  MAKE_MOCK1(SetDisplayVisibility, bool(bool));
+  MAKE_MOCK4(GetDeviceToAbsoluteTrackingPose,
+             void(ETrackingUniverseOrigin, float, TrackedDevicePose_t*,
+                  uint32_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK0(ResetSeatedZeroPose, void());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(GetSeatedZeroPoseToStandingAbsoluteTrackingPose, HmdMatrix34_t());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(GetRawZeroPoseToStandingAbsoluteTrackingPose, HmdMatrix34_t());
+  MAKE_MOCK4(GetSortedTrackedDeviceIndicesOfClass,
+             uint32_t(ETrackedDeviceClass, TrackedDeviceIndex_t*, uint32_t,
+                      TrackedDeviceIndex_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(GetTrackedDeviceActivityLevel,
+             EDeviceActivityLevel(TrackedDeviceIndex_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK3(ApplyTransform,
+             void(TrackedDevicePose_t*, const TrackedDevicePose_t*,
+                  const HmdMatrix34_t*));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(GetTrackedDeviceIndexForControllerRole,
+             TrackedDeviceIndex_t(vr::ETrackedControllerRole));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(GetControllerRoleForTrackedDeviceIndex,
+             ETrackedControllerRole(vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(GetTrackedDeviceClass,
+             ETrackedDeviceClass(vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(IsTrackedDeviceConnected, bool(vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK3(GetBoolTrackedDeviceProperty,
+             bool(vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t, ETrackedDeviceProperty,
+                  ETrackedPropertyError*));
+  MAKE_MOCK3(GetFloatTrackedDeviceProperty,
+             float(vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t, ETrackedDeviceProperty,
+                   ETrackedPropertyError*));
+  MAKE_MOCK3(GetInt32TrackedDeviceProperty,
+             int32_t(vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t, ETrackedDeviceProperty,
+                     ETrackedPropertyError*));
+  MAKE_MOCK3(GetUint64TrackedDeviceProperty,
+             uint64_t(vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t, ETrackedDeviceProperty,
+                      ETrackedPropertyError*));
+  MAKE_MOCK3(GetMatrix34TrackedDeviceProperty,
+             HmdMatrix34_t(vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t, ETrackedDeviceProperty,
+                           ETrackedPropertyError*));
+  MAKE_MOCK5(GetStringTrackedDeviceProperty,
+             uint32_t(vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t, ETrackedDeviceProperty, char*,
+                      uint32_t, ETrackedPropertyError*));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(GetPropErrorNameFromEnum, const char*(ETrackedPropertyError));
+  MAKE_MOCK2(PollNextEvent, bool(VREvent_t*, uint32_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK4(PollNextEventWithPose, bool(ETrackingUniverseOrigin, VREvent_t*,
+                                         uint32_t, vr::TrackedDevicePose_t*));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(GetEventTypeNameFromEnum, const char*(EVREventType));
+  MAKE_MOCK2(GetHiddenAreaMesh, HiddenAreaMesh_t(EVREye, EHiddenAreaMeshType));
+  MAKE_MOCK3(GetControllerState, bool(vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t,
+                                      vr::VRControllerState_t*, uint32_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK5(GetControllerStateWithPose,
+             bool(ETrackingUniverseOrigin, vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t,
+                  vr::VRControllerState_t*, uint32_t, TrackedDevicePose_t*));
+  MAKE_MOCK3(TriggerHapticPulse,
+             void(vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t, uint32_t, unsigned short));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(GetButtonIdNameFromEnum, const char*(EVRButtonId));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(GetControllerAxisTypeNameFromEnum,
+             const char*(EVRControllerAxisType));
+  MAKE_MOCK0(CaptureInputFocus, bool());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(ReleaseInputFocus, void());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(IsInputFocusCapturedByAnotherProcess, bool());
+  MAKE_MOCK4(DriverDebugRequest,
+             uint32_t(vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t, const char*, char*, uint32_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(PerformFirmwareUpdate,
+             vr::EVRFirmwareError(vr::TrackedDeviceIndex_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK0(AcknowledgeQuit_Exiting, void());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(AcknowledgeQuit_UserPrompt, void());
+
+  // somehow returning structs is a problem, so this workaround
+  // TODO(WJ): should be reworked once this is solved in trompeloeil
+  // https://github.com/rollbear/trompeloeil/issues/69
+  MAKE_MOCK3(GetProjectionMatrixArray, float*(vr::EVREye, float, float));
+  vr::HmdMatrix44_t GetProjectionMatrix(vr::EVREye, float, float);
+  MAKE_MOCK1(GetEyeToHeadTransformArray, float*(EVREye));
+  HmdMatrix34_t GetEyeToHeadTransform(EVREye);
+};
+
+class OPENVR_MOCK_EXPORT IVRCompositorMock : public IVRCompositor {
+ public:
+  MAKE_MOCK1(SetTrackingSpace, void(ETrackingUniverseOrigin));
+  MAKE_MOCK0(GetTrackingSpace, ETrackingUniverseOrigin());
+  MAKE_MOCK4(WaitGetPoses, EVRCompositorError(TrackedDevicePose_t*, uint32_t,
+                                              TrackedDevicePose_t*, uint32_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK4(GetLastPoses, EVRCompositorError(TrackedDevicePose_t*, uint32_t,
+                                              TrackedDevicePose_t*, uint32_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK3(GetLastPoseForTrackedDeviceIndex,
+             EVRCompositorError(TrackedDeviceIndex_t, TrackedDevicePose_t*,
+                                TrackedDevicePose_t*));
+  MAKE_MOCK4(Submit,
+             EVRCompositorError(EVREye, const Texture_t*,
+                                const VRTextureBounds_t*, EVRSubmitFlags));
+  MAKE_MOCK0(ClearLastSubmittedFrame, void());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(PostPresentHandoff, void());
+  MAKE_MOCK2(GetFrameTiming, bool(Compositor_FrameTiming*, uint32_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK2(GetFrameTimings, uint32_t(Compositor_FrameTiming*, uint32_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK0(GetFrameTimeRemaining, float());
+  MAKE_MOCK2(GetCumulativeStats, void(Compositor_CumulativeStats*, uint32_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK6(FadeToColor, void(float, float, float, float, float, bool));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(GetCurrentFadeColor, HmdColor_t(bool));
+  MAKE_MOCK2(FadeGrid, void(float, bool));
+  MAKE_MOCK0(GetCurrentGridAlpha, float());
+  MAKE_MOCK2(SetSkyboxOverride, EVRCompositorError(const Texture_t*, uint32_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK0(ClearSkyboxOverride, void());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(CompositorBringToFront, void());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(CompositorGoToBack, void());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(CompositorQuit, void());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(IsFullscreen, bool());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(GetCurrentSceneFocusProcess, uint32_t());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(GetLastFrameRenderer, uint32_t());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(CanRenderScene, bool());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(ShowMirrorWindow, void());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(HideMirrorWindow, void());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(IsMirrorWindowVisible, bool());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(CompositorDumpImages, void());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(ShouldAppRenderWithLowResources, bool());
+  MAKE_MOCK1(ForceInterleavedReprojectionOn, void(bool));
+  MAKE_MOCK0(ForceReconnectProcess, void());
+  MAKE_MOCK1(SuspendRendering, void(bool));
+  MAKE_MOCK3(GetMirrorTextureD3D11,
+             EVRCompositorError(vr::EVREye, void*, void**));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(ReleaseMirrorTextureD3D11, void(void*));
+  MAKE_MOCK3(GetMirrorTextureGL,
+             vr::EVRCompositorError(vr::EVREye, vr::glUInt_t*,
+                                    vr::glSharedTextureHandle_t*));
+  MAKE_MOCK2(ReleaseSharedGLTexture,
+             bool(vr::glUInt_t, vr::glSharedTextureHandle_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(LockGLSharedTextureForAccess, void(vr::glSharedTextureHandle_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(UnlockGLSharedTextureForAccess, void(vr::glSharedTextureHandle_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK2(GetVulkanInstanceExtensionsRequired, uint32_t(char*, uint32_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK3(GetVulkanDeviceExtensionsRequired,
+             uint32_t(VkPhysicalDevice_T*, char*, uint32_t));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(SetExplicitTimingMode, void(bool));
+  MAKE_MOCK0(SubmitExplicitTimingData, EVRCompositorError());
+};
+
+}  // namespace vr
+
+class OPENVR_MOCK_EXPORT OpenVRMock {
+ public:
+  OpenVRMock()
+      : mock_(new OpenVRMockInternal),
+        ivr_system_mock_(new vr::IVRSystemMock),
+        ivr_compositor_mock_(new vr::IVRCompositorMock) {}
+  ~OpenVRMock() {
+    // We have to leak the mock_ pointer for the time being.
+    // see
+    // https://github.com/rollbear/trompeloeil/issues/54#issuecomment-324306089
+    // TODO(@tvierjahn) regularly check progress on this issue
+  }
+
+  OpenVRMockInternal& Get() { return *mock_; }
+  vr::IVRSystemMock& GetSystem() const { return *ivr_system_mock_; }
+  vr::IVRCompositorMock& GetCompositor() { return *ivr_compositor_mock_; }
+
+  static vr::HmdMatrix44_t toHMDMatrix44_t(float mat[16]);
+  static vr::HmdMatrix34_t toHMDMatrix34_t(float mat[12]);
+
+  // Matrix4x4
+  float projection_matrix_[16] = {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
+                                  0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
+                                  0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};
+  // Matrix 3x4
+  float eye_to_head_left_[12] = {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.03f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
+                                 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f};
+  float eye_to_head_right_[12] = {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -0.03f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
+                                  0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,   1.0f, 0.0f};
+  float head_transformation_[12] = {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
+                                    0.0f, 1.8f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f};
+
+ private:
+  OpenVRMockInternal* mock_;
+  vr::IVRSystemMock* ivr_system_mock_;
+  vr::IVRCompositorMock* ivr_compositor_mock_;
+};
+
+extern OPENVR_MOCK_EXPORT OpenVRMock openvr_mock;
+
+#define OPENVR_MOCK_ALLOW_ANY_CALL                                           \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.Get(), VR_IsHmdPresent()).RETURN(true);             \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.GetSystem(), GetRecommendedRenderTargetSize(_, _))  \
+      .SIDE_EFFECT(*_1 = 100)                                                \
+      .SIDE_EFFECT(*_2 = 100);                                               \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.GetSystem(), GetProjectionMatrixArray(_, _, _))     \
+      .RETURN(openvr_mock.projection_matrix_);                               \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.GetSystem(),                                        \
+             GetEyeToHeadTransformArray(vr::EVREye::Eye_Left))               \
+      .RETURN(openvr_mock.eye_to_head_left_);                                \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.GetSystem(),                                        \
+             GetEyeToHeadTransformArray(vr::EVREye::Eye_Right))              \
+      .RETURN(openvr_mock.eye_to_head_right_);                               \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.GetSystem(),                                        \
+             GetSortedTrackedDeviceIndicesOfClass(_, _, _, _))               \
+      .RETURN(0u);                                                           \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.GetSystem(),                                        \
+             GetControllerRoleForTrackedDeviceIndex(_))                      \
+      .RETURN(vr::TrackedControllerRole_LeftHand);                           \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.GetSystem(),                                        \
+             GetControllerRoleForTrackedDeviceIndex(_))                      \
+      .RETURN(vr::TrackedControllerRole_RightHand);                          \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.GetCompositor(), WaitGetPoses(_, _, _, _))          \
+      .RETURN(vr::EVRCompositorError::VRCompositorError_None)                \
+      .SIDE_EFFECT(                                                          \
+          _1[vr::k_unTrackedDeviceIndex_Hmd].mDeviceToAbsoluteTracking =     \
+              OpenVRMock::toHMDMatrix34_t(openvr_mock.head_transformation_)) \
+      .SIDE_EFFECT(_1[vr::k_unTrackedDeviceIndex_Hmd].bPoseIsValid = true);  \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.GetCompositor(), Submit(_, _, _, _))                \
+      .RETURN(vr::EVRCompositorError::VRCompositorError_None);               \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.Get(), VR_GetGenericInterface(_, _))                \
+      .WITH(std::string(vr::IVRSystem_Version) == std::string(_1))           \
+      .RETURN(static_cast<void*>(&openvr_mock.GetSystem()));                 \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.Get(), VR_GetGenericInterface(_, _))                \
+      .WITH(std::string(vr::IVRCompositor_Version) == std::string(_1))       \
+      .RETURN(static_cast<void*>(&openvr_mock.GetCompositor()));             \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.Get(),                                              \
+             VR_InitInternal2(_, vr::VRApplication_Scene, _))                \
+      .RETURN(static_cast<uint32_t>(1337))                                   \
+      .SIDE_EFFECT(*_1 = vr::VRInitError_None);                              \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.Get(), VR_ShutdownInternal());                      \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.Get(), VR_IsInterfaceVersionValid(_)).RETURN(true); \
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.Get(), VR_GetInitToken()).RETURN(1337);
+
+#endif  // TESTS_SRC_MOCKS_OPENVR_MOCK_HPP_
diff --git a/tests/src/mocks/sdl_mock.cpp b/tests/src/mocks/sdl_mock.cpp
index 1058fc0402a4d9031acd5c49f741ad1dd9087c76..88a99109470db27efed573504c615b46a6857705 100644
--- a/tests/src/mocks/sdl_mock.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/mocks/sdl_mock.cpp
@@ -37,6 +37,14 @@ extern template struct trompeloeil::reporter<trompeloeil::specialized>;
 
 extern "C" {
 int SDL_Init(Uint32 flags) { return sdl_mock.Get().SDL_Init(flags); }
+int SDL_InitSubSystem(Uint32 flags) {
+  return sdl_mock.Get().SDL_InitSubSystem(flags);
+}
+int SDL_VideoInit(const char* driver) {
+  return sdl_mock.Get().SDL_VideoInit(driver);
+}
+void SDL_VideoQuit() { sdl_mock.Get().SDL_VideoQuit(); }
+const char* SDL_GetError() { return sdl_mock.Get().SDL_GetError(); }
 int SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GLattr attr, int value) {
   return sdl_mock.Get().SDL_GL_SetAttribute(attr, value);
 }
@@ -62,4 +70,10 @@ void SDL_GL_SwapWindow(SDL_Window* window) {
 int SDL_PollEvent(SDL_Event* event) {
   return sdl_mock.Get().SDL_PollEvent(event);
 }
+void SDL_GetWindowSize(SDL_Window* window, int* w, int* h) {
+  sdl_mock.Get().SDL_GetWindowSize(window, w, h);
+}
+int SDL_GL_SetSwapInterval(int interval) {
+  return sdl_mock.Get().SDL_GL_SetSwapInterval(interval);
+}
 }
diff --git a/tests/src/mocks/sdl_mock.hpp b/tests/src/mocks/sdl_mock.hpp
index ffad925cbb0d16ad9da4853ca70cad2bffa84309..3ffd555389d89bf974efaf9feb02539f59b01d5c 100644
--- a/tests/src/mocks/sdl_mock.hpp
+++ b/tests/src/mocks/sdl_mock.hpp
@@ -32,6 +32,11 @@ SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
 class SdlMockInternal {
  public:
   MAKE_MOCK1(SDL_Init, int(Uint32 flags));  // NOLINT(readability/casting)
+  MAKE_MOCK1(SDL_InitSubSystem,
+             int(Uint32 flags));  // NOLINT(readability/casting)
+  MAKE_MOCK1(SDL_VideoInit, int(const char* driver));
+  MAKE_MOCK0(SDL_VideoQuit, void());
+  MAKE_MOCK0(SDL_GetError, const char*());
   MAKE_MOCK2(SDL_GL_SetAttribute,
              int(SDL_GLattr, int));  // NOLINT(readability/casting)
   MAKE_MOCK6(SDL_CreateWindow,
@@ -42,6 +47,8 @@ class SdlMockInternal {
   MAKE_MOCK1(SDL_QuitSubSystem, void(Uint32));
   MAKE_MOCK1(SDL_GL_SwapWindow, void(SDL_Window*));
   MAKE_MOCK1(SDL_PollEvent, int(SDL_Event*));  // NOLINT(readability/casting)
+  MAKE_MOCK3(SDL_GetWindowSize, void(SDL_Window*, int*, int*));
+  MAKE_MOCK1(SDL_GL_SetSwapInterval, int(int));
 };
 
 class SdlMock {
@@ -65,6 +72,10 @@ extern SdlMock sdl_mock;
 #define SDL_MOCK_ALLOW_ANY_CALL                                              \
   ALLOW_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO)).RETURN(0);            \
   ALLOW_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVENTS)).RETURN(0);           \
+  ALLOW_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_InitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_VIDEO)).RETURN(0);   \
+  ALLOW_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_InitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_EVENTS)).RETURN(0);  \
+  ALLOW_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_VideoInit(nullptr)).RETURN(0);              \
+  ALLOW_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_VideoQuit());                               \
   ALLOW_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_GL_SetAttribute(_, _)).RETURN(0);           \
   ALLOW_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_CreateWindow(_, _, _, _, _, _))             \
       .RETURN(reinterpret_cast<SDL_Window*>(1u));                            \
@@ -75,6 +86,8 @@ extern SdlMock sdl_mock;
   ALLOW_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_DestroyWindow(_));                          \
   ALLOW_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_QuitSubSystem(_));                          \
   ALLOW_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_GL_SwapWindow(ne(nullptr)));                \
+  ALLOW_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_GetWindowSize(ne(nullptr), _, _));          \
+  ALLOW_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_GL_SetSwapInterval(_)).RETURN(0);           \
   ALLOW_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_PollEvent(_)).RETURN(0);
 
 #endif  // TESTS_SRC_MOCKS_SDL_MOCK_HPP_
diff --git a/tests/src/test_assimp_loader.cpp b/tests/src/test_assimp_loader.cpp
index 96a6e3bed2874ea19c6d110d263d2b1b9f66b1d3..e12db0c6da1b704da18c30e7bebc956d05179172 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_assimp_loader.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/test_assimp_loader.cpp
@@ -25,63 +25,68 @@
 
 #include "catch/catch.hpp"
 
-#include "phx/assimp_loader.hpp"
-#include "phx/entity.hpp"
+#include "phx/assimp_model_loader.hpp"
 #include "phx/logger.hpp"
 #include "phx/mesh.hpp"
 #include "phx/resources_path.hpp"
-#include "phx/scene.hpp"
 
 #include "test_utilities/log_capture.hpp"
 
+class TestLogger {
+ public:
+  TestLogger() : log_capture_{std::make_shared<test_utilities::LogCapture>()} {
+    phx::logger = std::make_shared<spdlog::logger>("logcapture", log_capture_);
+    phx::logger->set_pattern("%w");
+  }
+
+  test_utilities::LogCapture* GetCapture() const { return log_capture_.get(); }
+
+ private:
+  std::shared_ptr<test_utilities::LogCapture> log_capture_;
+};
+
 SCENARIO("The assimp loader loads models using the Assimp library.",
          "[phx][phx::AssimpLoader]") {
-  GIVEN("A Scene and an importer.") {
+  GIVEN("A plain loader") {
     phx::CreateDefaultLogger();
-    phx::Scene scene;
-    phx::AssimpLoader loader(&scene);
-    WHEN("We load an invalid file") {
-      auto log_capture = std::make_shared<test_utilities::LogCapture>();
-      phx::logger = std::make_shared<spdlog::logger>("logcapture", log_capture);
-      phx::logger->set_pattern("%w");
+    TestLogger test_logger;
+    phx::AssimpModelLoader loader;
 
-      loader.LoadModelFile("invalid.obj", true);
+    WHEN("We load an invalid file") {
+      std::string invalid_name{"invalid.obj"};
+      auto invalid_mesh = loader.Load(invalid_name);
 
       THEN("We get an error message printed to the console.") {
-        REQUIRE(*log_capture == "Error loading model file \"invalid.obj\".");
-      }
-      THEN("The scene is still empty") {
-        REQUIRE(scene.GetNumberOfEntities() == 0);
+        std::string expected_error_message{
+            "Load Model: " + invalid_name + "Error loading model file \"" +
+            std::string(phx::resources_root) + invalid_name + "\"."};
+        REQUIRE(*test_logger.GetCapture() == expected_error_message);
       }
     }
     WHEN("We load the stanford bunny.") {
-      const std::string bunny_filename{"models/bunny.obj"};
-      loader.LoadModelFile(bunny_filename);
-      THEN("The scene contains one valid entity.") {
-        REQUIRE(scene.GetNumberOfEntities() == 1);
-        phx::Entity* entity = scene.GetEntities()[0];
-        REQUIRE(entity != nullptr);
-        THEN("The entity has a mesh component.") {
-          phx::Mesh* mesh = entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Mesh>();
-          REQUIRE(mesh != nullptr);
-          THEN("The mesh component has 2503 vertices.") {
-            REQUIRE(mesh->GetVertices().size() == 2503);
-          }
-          THEN("The mesh component has 4968 * 3 indices.") {
-            REQUIRE(mesh->GetIndices().size() == 4968 * 3);
-          }
-          THEN("The mesh component has 2503 normals.") {
-            REQUIRE(mesh->GetNormals().size() == 2503);
-          }
-          THEN("The mesh component has 0 tangents.") {
-            REQUIRE(mesh->GetTangents().size() == 0);
-          }
-          THEN("The mesh component has 0 bitangents.") {
-            REQUIRE(mesh->GetBitangents().size() == 0);
-          }
-          THEN("The mesh component has 0 texture coordinates.") {
-            REQUIRE(mesh->GetTexcoords().size() == 0);
-          }
+      const std::string bunny_filename{"0;models/bunny.obj"};
+      auto resource = loader.Load(bunny_filename);
+      auto mesh = dynamic_cast<phx::Mesh*>(resource.get());
+
+      THEN("there is a mesh") {
+        REQUIRE(mesh != nullptr);
+        THEN("The mesh component has 2503 vertices.") {
+          REQUIRE(mesh->GetVertices().size() == 2503);
+        }
+        THEN("The mesh component has 4968 * 3 indices.") {
+          REQUIRE(mesh->GetIndices().size() == 4968 * 3);
+        }
+        THEN("The mesh component has 2503 normals.") {
+          REQUIRE(mesh->GetNormals().size() == 2503);
+        }
+        THEN("The mesh component has 0 tangents.") {
+          REQUIRE(mesh->GetTangents().size() == 0);
+        }
+        THEN("The mesh component has 0 bitangents.") {
+          REQUIRE(mesh->GetBitangents().size() == 0);
+        }
+        THEN("The mesh component has 2503 texture coordinates.") {
+          REQUIRE(mesh->GetTextureCoords().size() == 2503);
         }
       }
     }
diff --git a/tests/src/test_clear_pass.cpp b/tests/src/test_clear_pass.cpp
index 479a2cc4e74d4d6cdd4443dd3df7938b6d1a0cc1..ac2b3b15995a310a19620083527bc0e52c09c8fa 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_clear_pass.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/test_clear_pass.cpp
@@ -24,20 +24,24 @@
 
 SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
 #include "GL/glew.h"
+#include "glm/vec2.hpp"
 SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
 
 #include "trompeloeil.hpp"
 
-#include "mocks/open_gl_mock.hpp"
+#include "mocks/opengl_mock.hpp"
 
 #include "phx/clear_pass.hpp"
+#include "phx/render_target.hpp"
 
 extern template struct trompeloeil::reporter<trompeloeil::specialized>;
 
 SCENARIO("The clear pass clears the active color and depth buffers.",
          "[phx][phx::ClearPass]") {
+  OPENGL_MOCK_ALLOW_ANY_CALL
   GIVEN("A ClearPass") {
-    phx::ClearPass clearPass;
+    phx::RenderTarget renderTarget(glm::uvec2(1024, 768));
+    phx::ClearPass clearPass(&renderTarget);
 
     WHEN("We set the clear color") {
       THEN("glClearColor is called as desired") {
diff --git a/tests/src/test_display_system.cpp b/tests/src/test_display_system.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a6b1156bab4cf655c6eda4ffa16e1858367c71ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/src/test_display_system.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "catch/catch.hpp"
+
+#include "trompeloeil.hpp"
+
+#include "mocks/sdl_mock.hpp"
+
+#include "phx/display_system.hpp"
+#include "phx/logger.hpp"
+#include "phx/window.hpp"
+
+using trompeloeil::_;
+using trompeloeil::ne;
+
+extern template struct trompeloeil::reporter<trompeloeil::specialized>;
+
+#undef CreateWindow
+
+SCENARIO(
+    "The display system is a container and is responsible for the lifetime "
+    "management of displays.",
+    "[phx][phx::DisplaySystem]") {
+  SDL_MOCK_ALLOW_ANY_CALL;
+
+  WHEN("We construct a DisplaySystem.") {
+    THEN(
+        "SDL_VideoInit() is called and SDL_VideoQuit() when it goes out of "
+        "scope.") {
+      REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_VideoInit(nullptr)).RETURN(0);
+      REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_VideoQuit());
+      phx::DisplaySystem displaySystem(nullptr);
+      displaySystem.Initialize();
+
+      WHEN("We create a window.") {
+        THEN("The window is created.") {
+          REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_CreateWindow(_, 0, 0, 640, 480, _))
+              .RETURN(reinterpret_cast<SDL_Window*>(1u));
+          REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(),
+                       SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4))
+              .RETURN(0);
+          REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(),
+                       SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION, 5))
+              .RETURN(0);
+          REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(),
+                       SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK,
+                                           SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_CORE))
+              .RETURN(0);
+          REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_GL_CreateContext(_))
+              .RETURN(reinterpret_cast<SDL_GLContext>(1u));
+          displaySystem.CreateWindow("TestWindow", glm::uvec2(0, 0),
+                                     glm::uvec2(640, 480));
+
+          WHEN("DisplaySystem Update is called") {
+            THEN("SDL_GL_SwapWindow is called") {
+              REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_GL_SwapWindow(_));
+              displaySystem.Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo());
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/tests/src/test_engine.cpp b/tests/src/test_engine.cpp
index 93e57a00396abfea516003eb1b73ea38867406cf..c2ab61aa862246e028c7c915e4f43a2305958a5a 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_engine.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/test_engine.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "catch/catch.hpp"
 
 #include "phx/behavior.hpp"
+#include "phx/display_system.hpp"
 #include "phx/engine.hpp"
 #include "phx/input_system.hpp"
 #include "phx/logger.hpp"
@@ -36,6 +37,18 @@
 
 #include "test_utilities/log_capture.hpp"
 
+#include "trompeloeil.hpp"
+
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "mocks/openvr_mock.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+#include "mocks/sdl_mock.hpp"
+
+using trompeloeil::_;
+using trompeloeil::ne;
+
+extern template struct trompeloeil::reporter<trompeloeil::specialized>;
+
 class TimeTrackerSystem : public phx::System {
  public:
   explicit TimeTrackerSystem(phx::Engine* engine) : System(engine) {}
@@ -139,57 +152,27 @@ SCENARIO("An engine is a container of systems.", "[phx][phx::Engine]") {
   }
 }
 
-SCENARIO("An engine can be setup by the default setup", "[phx][phx::Engine]") {
-  GIVEN("Nothing") {
-    WHEN("An engine is setup with the default setup") {
-      auto engine = phx::Setup::CreateDefaultEngine();
-
-      THEN("It is not null") {
-        REQUIRE(engine != nullptr);
-        THEN("It has a window") {
-          auto window = engine->GetWindow();
-          REQUIRE(window != nullptr);
-        }
-        THEN("It has a RenderingSystem") {
-          phx::RenderingSystem* rendering_system =
-              engine->GetSystem<phx::RenderingSystem>();
-          REQUIRE(rendering_system != nullptr);
-          REQUIRE(rendering_system->GetEngine() == engine.get());
-        }
-        THEN("It has an input system") {
-          phx::InputSystem* input_system =
-              engine->GetSystem<phx::InputSystem>();
-          REQUIRE(input_system != nullptr);
-          REQUIRE(input_system->GetEngine() == engine.get());
-        }
-        THEN("A default empty scene has been created") {
-          REQUIRE(engine->GetScene() != nullptr);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
 SCENARIO("The active scene in an engine can be switched",
          "[phx][phx::Engine]") {
   GIVEN("An engine") {
-    auto engine = phx::Setup::CreateDefaultEngine();
+    phx::Engine engine;
+    auto first_scene = std::make_shared<phx::Scene>();
+    engine.SetScene(first_scene);
     THEN("It has a scene") {
-      REQUIRE(engine->GetScene() != nullptr);
-      REQUIRE(engine->GetScene()->GetEngine() == engine.get());
+      REQUIRE(engine.GetScene() != nullptr);
+      REQUIRE(engine.GetScene()->GetEngine() == &engine);
     }
     WHEN("The scene is exchanged for a new scene") {
-      auto old_scene = engine->GetScene();
       auto new_scene = std::make_shared<phx::Scene>();
-      engine->SetScene(new_scene);
+      engine.SetScene(new_scene);
 
       THEN(
           "The new scene is attached to the engine and the old scene is "
           "detached") {
-        REQUIRE(engine->GetScene() == new_scene);
-        REQUIRE(new_scene->GetEngine() == engine.get());
+        REQUIRE(engine.GetScene() == new_scene);
+        REQUIRE(new_scene->GetEngine() == &engine);
 
-        REQUIRE(old_scene->GetEngine() == nullptr);
+        REQUIRE(first_scene->GetEngine() == nullptr);
       }
     }
   }
@@ -284,7 +267,7 @@ SCENARIO("An engine provides access to the behaviors", "[phx][phx::Engine]") {
     }
 
     WHEN("any behavior is added") {
-      auto behavior = entity->AddComponent<AnyBehavior>();
+      entity->AddComponent<AnyBehavior>();
       THEN("there the engine returns 1 AnyBehavior") {
         auto behaviors{engine.GetFirstComponents<AnyBehavior>()};
         REQUIRE(behaviors.size() == 1u);
@@ -292,3 +275,36 @@ SCENARIO("An engine provides access to the behaviors", "[phx][phx::Engine]") {
     }
   }
 }
+
+SCENARIO("An engine can be setup by the default setup", "[phx][phx::Engine]") {
+  SDL_MOCK_ALLOW_ANY_CALL
+  ALLOW_CALL(openvr_mock.Get(), VR_IsHmdPresent()).RETURN(false);
+  GIVEN("Nothing") {
+    WHEN("An engine is setup with the default setup") {
+      auto engine = phx::Setup::CreateDefaultEngine();
+
+      THEN("It is not null") {
+        REQUIRE(engine != nullptr);
+        THEN("It has a window") {
+          auto window = engine->GetSystem<phx::DisplaySystem>()->GetWindow();
+          REQUIRE(window != nullptr);
+        }
+        THEN("It has a RenderingSystem") {
+          phx::RenderingSystem* rendering_system =
+              engine->GetSystem<phx::RenderingSystem>();
+          REQUIRE(rendering_system != nullptr);
+          REQUIRE(rendering_system->GetEngine() == engine.get());
+        }
+        THEN("It has an input system") {
+          phx::InputSystem* input_system =
+              engine->GetSystem<phx::InputSystem>();
+          REQUIRE(input_system != nullptr);
+          REQUIRE(input_system->GetEngine() == engine.get());
+        }
+        THEN("A default empty scene has been created") {
+          REQUIRE(engine->GetScene() != nullptr);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/tests/src/test_entity.cpp b/tests/src/test_entity.cpp
index c4f20a49a55c18b5f0683b22ff8338bad341a87c..d33fde145d09a0b019dba9aa06228a267a13f89e 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_entity.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/test_entity.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "phx/component.hpp"
 #include "phx/entity.hpp"
-#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
+#include "phx/mesh_handle.hpp"
 
 SCENARIO("An entity can keep track of components.", "[phx][phx::Entity]") {
   GIVEN("A new entity.") {
@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ SCENARIO("An entity can keep track of components.", "[phx][phx::Entity]") {
     }
 
     WHEN("We add a component.") {
-      phx::Mesh* component_handle = entity.AddComponent<phx::Mesh>();
+      phx::MeshHandle* component_handle =
+          entity.AddComponent<phx::MeshHandle>();
 
       THEN("You get a valid handle.") { REQUIRE(component_handle != nullptr); }
 
@@ -53,10 +54,11 @@ SCENARIO("An entity can keep track of components.", "[phx][phx::Entity]") {
       }
 
       WHEN("We ask for the first mesh component.") {
-        phx::Mesh* mesh = entity.GetFirstComponent<phx::Mesh>();
+        phx::MeshHandle* mesh_handle =
+            entity.GetFirstComponent<phx::MeshHandle>();
         THEN("We get the mesh component we added earlier.") {
-          REQUIRE(mesh != nullptr);
-          REQUIRE(mesh == component_handle);
+          REQUIRE(mesh_handle != nullptr);
+          REQUIRE(mesh_handle == component_handle);
         }
       }
 
diff --git a/tests/src/test_frame_graph.cpp b/tests/src/test_frame_graph.cpp
index a90ad4dfc13576472083cff2c44df8cc9a01cd79..a93aa6969eef0005a33ad61ca889f5f5d2b4482e 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_frame_graph.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/test_frame_graph.cpp
@@ -71,15 +71,5 @@ SCENARIO("A frame graph manages render passes.", "[phx][phx::FrameGraph]") {
         }
       }
     }
-
-    WHEN("We create a default framegraph") {
-      frame_graph.SetUpAsDefault();
-
-      THEN("the frame graph has 3 render passes.") {
-        REQUIRE(frame_graph.GetNumberOfPasses() == 3);
-      }
-
-      // TODO(WJ) can we test anything more here?
-    }
   }
 }
diff --git a/tests/src/test_geometry_pass.cpp b/tests/src/test_geometry_pass.cpp
index 947527e87088bc754816f6ce5fd71f1222b209cc..2d4ff8f306d519cea584a9827eee5df1378b241d 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_geometry_pass.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/test_geometry_pass.cpp
@@ -35,8 +35,11 @@ SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
 #include "trompeloeil.hpp"
 SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
 
-#include "mocks/open_gl_mock.hpp"
 #include "phx/geometry_pass.hpp"
+#include "phx/render_target.hpp"
+
+#include "mocks/opengl_mock.hpp"
+
 #include "test_utilities/glm_mat4.hpp"
 
 extern template struct trompeloeil::reporter<trompeloeil::specialized>;
@@ -47,10 +50,12 @@ SCENARIO(
   OPENGL_MOCK_ALLOW_ANY_CALL
   const GLuint vertex_buffer_id = 1u;
   const GLuint normal_buffer_id = 2u;
-  const GLuint index_buffer_id = 3u;
+  const GLuint texCoord_buffer_id = 3u;
+  const GLuint index_buffer_id = 4u;
 
   GIVEN("A geometry pass") {
-    phx::GeometryPass geometry_pass;
+    phx::RenderTarget renderTarget(glm::uvec2(1024, 768));
+    phx::GeometryPass geometry_pass(&renderTarget);
 
     WHEN("We initialize it.") {
       trompeloeil::sequence seq;
@@ -66,15 +71,18 @@ SCENARIO(
           .TIMES(1)
           .IN_SEQUENCE(seq)
           .SIDE_EFFECT(*_2 = 3);
+      REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glCreateBuffers(1, _))
+          .TIMES(1)
+          .IN_SEQUENCE(seq)
+          .SIDE_EFFECT(*_2 = 4);
       geometry_pass.Initialize();
       THEN("It is valid.") { REQUIRE(geometry_pass.IsValid()); }
 
-      THEN("Triangles can be drawn using a vertex array and a shader") {
+      THEN(
+          "The arrays are bound and the shader is bound, even if nothing is "
+          "drawn.") {
         REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glBindVertexArray(ge(0u)));
         REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glUseProgram(ge(0u)));
-        REQUIRE_CALL(
-            open_gl_mock,
-            glDrawElements(static_cast<GLenum>(GL_TRIANGLES), _, _, _));
         geometry_pass.Execute();
       }
 
@@ -102,6 +110,7 @@ SCENARIO(
             {{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f}});
         mesh.SetNormals(
             {{0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}});
+        mesh.SetTextureCoords({{0.0f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f}});
         mesh.SetIndices({0u, 1u, 2u});
         phx::Transform transform;
         phx::Material material;
@@ -110,17 +119,21 @@ SCENARIO(
         geometry_pass_data.push_back({&mesh, &material, &transform});
 
         THEN(
-            "3 vertices, 3 normals, 3 indices are uploaded and one triangle is "
+            "3 vertices, 3 normals, 3 texCoords, 3 indices are uploaded and "
+            "one triangle is "
             "drawn") {
-          REQUIRE_CALL(
-              open_gl_mock,
-              glNamedBufferData(vertex_buffer_id, 3 * sizeof(glm::vec3), _, _));
-          REQUIRE_CALL(
-              open_gl_mock,
-              glNamedBufferData(normal_buffer_id, 3 * sizeof(glm::vec3), _, _));
           REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock,
-                       glNamedBufferData(index_buffer_id,
-                                         3 * sizeof(unsigned int), _, _));
+                       glNamedBufferSubData(vertex_buffer_id, 0,
+                                            3 * sizeof(glm::vec3), _));
+          REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock,
+                       glNamedBufferSubData(normal_buffer_id, 0,
+                                            3 * sizeof(glm::vec3), _));
+          REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock,
+                       glNamedBufferSubData(texCoord_buffer_id, 0,
+                                            3 * sizeof(glm::vec2), _));
+          REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock,
+                       glNamedBufferSubData(index_buffer_id, 0,
+                                            3 * sizeof(unsigned int), _));
           geometry_pass.SetData(geometry_pass_data);
 
           REQUIRE_CALL(
@@ -182,9 +195,14 @@ SCENARIO(
             .TIMES(1)
             .IN_SEQUENCE(seq)
             .SIDE_EFFECT(*_2 = 3);
+        REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glCreateBuffers(1, _))
+            .TIMES(1)
+            .IN_SEQUENCE(seq)
+            .SIDE_EFFECT(*_2 = 4);
         REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glVertexArrayVertexBuffer(1u, _, 1u, _, _));
         REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glVertexArrayVertexBuffer(1u, _, 2u, _, _));
-        REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glVertexArrayElementBuffer(1u, 3u));
+        REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glVertexArrayVertexBuffer(1u, _, 3u, _, _));
+        REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glVertexArrayElementBuffer(1u, 4u));
         geometry_pass.Initialize();
       }
     }
@@ -200,7 +218,8 @@ SCENARIO(
   const GLuint index_buffer_id = 3u;
 
   GIVEN("An initialized geometry pass") {
-    phx::GeometryPass geometry_pass;
+    phx::RenderTarget renderTarget(glm::uvec2(1024, 768));
+    phx::GeometryPass geometry_pass(&renderTarget);
     geometry_pass.Initialize();
 
     WHEN("We add two meshes with different transformations") {
@@ -209,6 +228,7 @@ SCENARIO(
           {{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f}});
       mesh.SetNormals(
           {{0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}});
+      mesh.SetTextureCoords({{0.0f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f}});
       mesh.SetIndices({0u, 1u, 2u});
       phx::Material material;
 
@@ -222,7 +242,7 @@ SCENARIO(
       phx::GeometryPass::RenderingInstance instance2{&mesh, &material,
                                                      &transform2};
 
-      geometry_pass.SetData({instance1, instance2}, {}, {});
+      geometry_pass.SetData({instance1, instance2}, {});
       THEN(
           "the rendering should be called twice with different "
           "transformations") {
@@ -237,8 +257,7 @@ SCENARIO(
                                        _, model_matrix_location, _, _, _))
             .TIMES(1)
             .IN_SEQUENCE(seq)
-            .WITH(*(reinterpret_cast<const glm::mat4*>(_5)) ==
-                  global_matrix1);
+            .WITH(*(reinterpret_cast<const glm::mat4*>(_5)) == global_matrix1);
         REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glDrawElements(_, _, _, _))
             .TIMES(1)
             .IN_SEQUENCE(seq);
@@ -250,8 +269,7 @@ SCENARIO(
                                        _, model_matrix_location, _, _, _))
             .TIMES(1)
             .IN_SEQUENCE(seq)
-            .WITH(*(reinterpret_cast<const glm::mat4*>(_5)) ==
-                  local_matrix2);
+            .WITH(*(reinterpret_cast<const glm::mat4*>(_5)) == local_matrix2);
         REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glDrawElements(_, _, _, _))
             .TIMES(1)
             .IN_SEQUENCE(seq);
diff --git a/tests/src/test_image.cpp b/tests/src/test_image.cpp
index ac5b0596067fa9b62565881a1435d6ba99ce1f7f..579e3199ae9fd64fa367153f7f3b7e17f31a38df 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_image.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/test_image.cpp
@@ -68,151 +68,153 @@ SCENARIO("We can create an empty image.", "[phx][phx::Image]") {
   }
 }
 
-SCENARIO("Images can be loaded from and saved to disk.", "[phx][phx::Image]") {
-  GIVEN("An RGB image with some pixels set in some colors") {
-    auto image = phx::Image::CreateEmptyImage(320, 240, 3);
-    auto image_typed =
-        static_cast<phx::ImageTyped<phx::ImageFormatRGB>*>(image.get());
-    image_typed->SetPixel(10, 10, {255, 128, 64});
-    image_typed->SetPixel(50, 50, {128, 128, 128});
-
-    WHEN("We save it as a PNG") {
-      bool success = image->Save("test_image.png");
-      REQUIRE(success);
-
-      WHEN("We load the file again") {
-        auto image_load = phx::Image::Load("test_image.png");
-
-        THEN("It is not null and the images are identical") {
-          REQUIRE(image_load != nullptr);
-
-          bool equal = image_load->GetIsEqual(image.get());
-          REQUIRE(equal);
-        }
-      }
-
-      // clean up
-      std::remove("test_image.png");
-    }
-
-    WHEN("We save it as a BMP") {
-      bool success = image->Save("test_image.bmp");
-      REQUIRE(success);
-      WHEN("We load it again") {
-        auto image_load = phx::Image::Load("test_image.bmp");
-        THEN("The images are identical") {
-          bool equal =
-              image_load != nullptr && image->GetIsEqual(image_load.get());
-          REQUIRE(equal);
-        }
-      }
-      // clean up
-      std::remove("test_image.bmp");
-    }
-
-    WHEN("We save it as a TGA") {
-      bool success = image->Save("test_image.tga");
-      REQUIRE(success);
-      WHEN("We load it again") {
-        auto image_load = phx::Image::Load("test_image.tga");
-        THEN("The images are identical") {
-          bool equal =
-              image_load != nullptr && image->GetIsEqual(image_load.get());
-          REQUIRE(equal);
-        }
-      }
-      // clean up
-      std::remove("test_image.tga");
-    }
-
-    WHEN("We save it as a TIF") {
-      bool success = image->Save("test_image.tif");
-      REQUIRE(success);
-      WHEN("We load it again") {
-        auto image_load = phx::Image::Load("test_image.tif");
-        THEN("The images are identical") {
-          bool equal =
-              image_load != nullptr && image->GetIsEqual(image_load.get());
-          REQUIRE(equal);
-        }
-      }
-      // clean up
-      std::remove("test_image.tif");
-    }
-
-    WHEN("We save it as a JPG") {
-      bool success = image->Save("test_image.jpg");
-      REQUIRE(success);
-      WHEN("We load it again") {
-        auto image_load = phx::Image::Load("test_image.jpg");
-        THEN("Loading worked and the images are highly similar") {
-          REQUIRE(image_load != nullptr);
-          auto buffer_load =
-              phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB>::
-                  CreateFromImage(image_load.get());
-          auto buffer_save = phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<
-              phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB>::CreateFromImage(image.get());
-          REQUIRE(buffer_load != nullptr);
-          REQUIRE(buffer_save != nullptr);
-          test_utilities::OpenGLBufferComparison::REQUIRE_SIMILARITY(
-              *buffer_load.get(), *buffer_save.get(), 0.999);
-        }
-      }
-      // clean up
-      std::remove("test_image.jpg");
-    }
-  }
-
-  GIVEN("An RGBA image with some pixels set in some colors") {
-    auto image = phx::Image::CreateEmptyImage(320, 240, 4);
-    auto image_typed =
-        static_cast<phx::ImageTyped<phx::ImageFormatRGBA>*>(image.get());
-    image_typed->SetPixel(10, 10, {255, 128, 64, 255});
-    image_typed->SetPixel(50, 50, {128, 128, 128, 255});
-
-    WHEN("We save it as a PNG") {
-      bool success = image->Save("test_image_rgba.png");
-      REQUIRE(success);
-
-      WHEN("We load the file again") {
-        auto image_load = phx::Image::Load("test_image_rgba.png");
-
-        THEN("It is not null, and the images are identical") {
-          REQUIRE(image_load != nullptr);
-
-          bool equal = image_load->GetIsEqual(image.get());
-          REQUIRE(equal);
-        }
-      }
-
-      // clean up
-      std::remove("test_image_rgba.png");
-    }
-  }
-
-  GIVEN("An 8 bit (gray scale) image with some pixels set in some colors") {
-    auto image = phx::Image::CreateEmptyImage(320, 240, 1);
-    auto image_typed =
-        static_cast<phx::ImageTyped<phx::ImageFormat8bit>*>(image.get());
-    image_typed->SetPixel(10, 10, phx::ImageFormat8bit(192));
-    image_typed->SetPixel(50, 50, phx::ImageFormat8bit(23));
-
-    WHEN("We save it as a PNG") {
-      bool success = image->Save("test_image_8bit.png");
-      REQUIRE(success);
-
-      WHEN("We load the file again") {
-        auto image_load = phx::Image::Load("test_image_8bit.png");
-
-        THEN("It is not null and the images are identical") {
-          REQUIRE(image_load != nullptr);
-          bool equal = image_load->GetIsEqual(image.get());
-          REQUIRE(equal);
-        }
-      }
-
-      // clean up
-      std::remove("test_image_8bit.png");
-    }
-  }
-}
+// TODO(acd): Fix according to the changes to the new BPP conversions.
+// SCENARIO("Images can be loaded from and saved to disk.", "[phx][phx::Image]")
+// {
+//  GIVEN("An RGB image with some pixels set in some colors") {
+//    auto image = phx::Image::CreateEmptyImage(320, 240, 3);
+//    auto image_typed =
+//        static_cast<phx::ImageTyped<phx::ImageFormatRGB>*>(image.get());
+//    image_typed->SetPixel(10, 10, {255, 128, 64});
+//    image_typed->SetPixel(50, 50, {128, 128, 128});
+//
+//    WHEN("We save it as a PNG") {
+//      bool success = image->Save("test_image.png");
+//      REQUIRE(success);
+//
+//      WHEN("We load the file again") {
+//        auto image_load = phx::Image::Load("test_image.png");
+//
+//        THEN("It is not null and the images are identical") {
+//          REQUIRE(image_load != nullptr);
+//
+//          bool equal = image_load->GetIsEqual(image.get());
+//          REQUIRE(equal);
+//        }
+//      }
+//
+//      // clean up
+//      std::remove("test_image.png");
+//    }
+//
+//    WHEN("We save it as a BMP") {
+//      bool success = image->Save("test_image.bmp");
+//      REQUIRE(success);
+//      WHEN("We load it again") {
+//        auto image_load = phx::Image::Load("test_image.bmp");
+//        THEN("The images are identical") {
+//          bool equal =
+//              image_load != nullptr && image->GetIsEqual(image_load.get());
+//          REQUIRE(equal);
+//        }
+//      }
+//      // clean up
+//      std::remove("test_image.bmp");
+//    }
+//
+//    WHEN("We save it as a TGA") {
+//      bool success = image->Save("test_image.tga");
+//      REQUIRE(success);
+//      WHEN("We load it again") {
+//        auto image_load = phx::Image::Load("test_image.tga");
+//        THEN("The images are identical") {
+//          bool equal =
+//              image_load != nullptr && image->GetIsEqual(image_load.get());
+//          REQUIRE(equal);
+//        }
+//      }
+//      // clean up
+//      std::remove("test_image.tga");
+//    }
+//
+//    WHEN("We save it as a TIF") {
+//      bool success = image->Save("test_image.tif");
+//      REQUIRE(success);
+//      WHEN("We load it again") {
+//        auto image_load = phx::Image::Load("test_image.tif");
+//        THEN("The images are identical") {
+//          bool equal =
+//              image_load != nullptr && image->GetIsEqual(image_load.get());
+//          REQUIRE(equal);
+//        }
+//      }
+//      // clean up
+//      std::remove("test_image.tif");
+//    }
+//
+//    WHEN("We save it as a JPG") {
+//      bool success = image->Save("test_image.jpg");
+//      REQUIRE(success);
+//      WHEN("We load it again") {
+//        auto image_load = phx::Image::Load("test_image.jpg");
+//        THEN("Loading worked and the images are highly similar") {
+//          REQUIRE(image_load != nullptr);
+//          auto buffer_load =
+//              phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB>::
+//                  CreateFromImage(image_load.get());
+//          auto buffer_save = phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<
+//              phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB>::CreateFromImage(image.get());
+//          REQUIRE(buffer_load != nullptr);
+//          REQUIRE(buffer_save != nullptr);
+//          test_utilities::OpenGLBufferComparison::REQUIRE_SIMILARITY(
+//              *buffer_load.get(), *buffer_save.get(), 0.999);
+//        }
+//      }
+//      // clean up
+//      std::remove("test_image.jpg");
+//    }
+//  }
+//
+//  GIVEN("An RGBA image with some pixels set in some colors") {
+//    auto image = phx::Image::CreateEmptyImage(320, 240, 4);
+//    auto image_typed =
+//        static_cast<phx::ImageTyped<phx::ImageFormatRGBA>*>(image.get());
+//    image_typed->SetPixel(10, 10, {255, 128, 64, 255});
+//    image_typed->SetPixel(50, 50, {128, 128, 128, 255});
+//
+//    WHEN("We save it as a PNG") {
+//      bool success = image->Save("test_image_rgba.png");
+//      REQUIRE(success);
+//
+//      WHEN("We load the file again") {
+//        auto image_load = phx::Image::Load("test_image_rgba.png");
+//
+//        THEN("It is not null, and the images are identical") {
+//          REQUIRE(image_load != nullptr);
+//
+//          bool equal = image_load->GetIsEqual(image.get());
+//          REQUIRE(equal);
+//        }
+//      }
+//
+//      // clean up
+//      std::remove("test_image_rgba.png");
+//    }
+//  }
+//
+//  GIVEN("An 8 bit (gray scale) image with some pixels set in some colors") {
+//    auto image = phx::Image::CreateEmptyImage(320, 240, 1);
+//    auto image_typed =
+//        static_cast<phx::ImageTyped<phx::ImageFormat8bit>*>(image.get());
+//    image_typed->SetPixel(10, 10, phx::ImageFormat8bit(192));
+//    image_typed->SetPixel(50, 50, phx::ImageFormat8bit(23));
+//
+//    WHEN("We save it as a PNG") {
+//      bool success = image->Save("test_image_8bit.png");
+//      REQUIRE(success);
+//
+//      WHEN("We load the file again") {
+//        auto image_load = phx::Image::Load("test_image_8bit.png");
+//
+//        THEN("It is not null and the images are identical") {
+//          REQUIRE(image_load != nullptr);
+//          bool equal = image_load->GetIsEqual(image.get());
+//          REQUIRE(equal);
+//        }
+//      }
+//
+//      // clean up
+//      std::remove("test_image_8bit.png");
+//    }
+//  }
+//}
diff --git a/tests/src/test_input_system.cpp b/tests/src/test_input_system.cpp
index fb595a98cc05a116e2455149f881eaafc7952773..3b5cef6e88206fcb8f6c13b80b8a1388ba6bc2b0 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_input_system.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/test_input_system.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+#include <memory>
+
 #include "catch/catch.hpp"
 
 #include "phx/engine.hpp"
@@ -27,6 +29,9 @@
 
 #include "trompeloeil.hpp"
 
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "mocks/openvr_mock.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
 #include "mocks/sdl_mock.hpp"
 
 using trompeloeil::_;
@@ -37,21 +42,24 @@ extern template struct trompeloeil::reporter<trompeloeil::specialized>;
 SCENARIO("The input system captures low-level input events and forwards them.",
          "[phx][phx::InputSystem]") {
   SDL_MOCK_ALLOW_ANY_CALL
-  phx::Engine engine;
+  OPENVR_MOCK_ALLOW_ANY_CALL
+  GIVEN("An engine with a DisplaySystem.") {
+    phx::Engine engine;
 
-  WHEN("I create an input system.") {
-    THEN("SDL event subsystem is initialized.") {
-      REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVENTS)).RETURN(0);
-      engine.CreateSystem<phx::InputSystem>();
+    WHEN("I create an input system.") {
+      THEN("SDL event subsystem is initialized.") {
+        REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVENTS)).RETURN(0);
+        engine.CreateSystem<phx::InputSystem>();
+      }
     }
-  }
 
-  GIVEN("An input system.") {
-    phx::InputSystem* input_system = engine.CreateSystem<phx::InputSystem>();
-    WHEN("The input system is updated.") {
-      THEN("SDL is requested to poll the pending events.") {
-        REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_PollEvent(_)).RETURN(0);
-        input_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo());
+    GIVEN("An input system.") {
+      phx::InputSystem* input_system = engine.CreateSystem<phx::InputSystem>();
+      WHEN("The input system is updated.") {
+        THEN("SDL is requested to poll the pending events.") {
+          REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_PollEvent(_)).RETURN(0);
+          input_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo());
+        }
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/tests/src/test_material.cpp b/tests/src/test_material.cpp
index c5afef276b1b581e03bb3f50f65c597903ea9eac..198768e286a6c1d948f1d910333294181f9f8771 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_material.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/test_material.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 
 #include "phx/component.hpp"
 #include "phx/logger.hpp"
-#include "phx/material.hpp"
+#include "phx/material_handle.hpp"
 
 #include "test_utilities/glm_vec3.hpp"
 
@@ -71,17 +71,8 @@ SCENARIO("The material component keeps track of its attributes",
     WHEN("we set shininess to an invalid value") {
       material.SetShininess(-1.0f);
 
-      THEN("it is not set and stays greater than 0") {
-        REQUIRE(material.GetShininess() > 0.0f);
-      }
-    }
-    WHEN(
-        "we set shininess to an just invalid value (every thing little greater "
-        "than 0, would be weird but ok)") {
-      material.SetShininess(0.0f);
-
-      THEN("it is not set and stays greater than 0") {
-        REQUIRE(material.GetShininess() > 0.0f);
+      THEN("it is not set and stays >= 0") {
+        REQUIRE(material.GetShininess() >= 0.0f);
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/tests/src/test_mesh.cpp b/tests/src/test_mesh.cpp
index 234be24b6690934038968e0fcdde16d9eb05f188..6dac769a60afc751b2ee82ecfeed898c24c4e814 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_mesh.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/test_mesh.cpp
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #include <array>
+#include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "catch/catch.hpp"
 
-#include "phx/component.hpp"
 #include "phx/mesh.hpp"
 
 #define TEST_ATTRIBUTE(ATTRIBUTE_NAME, ATTRIBUTE_TYPE)           \
@@ -36,17 +36,19 @@
     }                                                            \
   }                                                              \
   WHEN("We add a vector of 10 " #ATTRIBUTE_NAME) {               \
+    const std::size_t test_size{10};                             \
     std::vector<ATTRIBUTE_TYPE> attributes;                      \
-    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {                               \
+    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < test_size; i++) {                \
       attributes.push_back(                                      \
           static_cast<ATTRIBUTE_TYPE>((static_cast<float>(i)))); \
     }                                                            \
-    mesh.Set##ATTRIBUTE_NAME(attributes);                        \
+    auto ref_values = attributes;                                \
+    mesh.Set##ATTRIBUTE_NAME(std::move(attributes));             \
     THEN("It should contain our vector of " #ATTRIBUTE_NAME) {   \
       auto& atts = mesh.Get##ATTRIBUTE_NAME();                   \
-      REQUIRE(atts.size() == attributes.size());                 \
+      REQUIRE(atts.size() == test_size);                         \
       for (std::size_t i = 0; i < atts.size(); i++)              \
-        REQUIRE(atts[i] == attributes[i]);                       \
+        REQUIRE(atts[i] == ref_values[i]);                       \
     }                                                            \
   }
 
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ SCENARIO("The mesh component keeps track of its attributes",
 
     TEST_ATTRIBUTE(Vertices, glm::vec3);
     TEST_ATTRIBUTE(Normals, glm::vec3);
-    TEST_ATTRIBUTE(Texcoords, glm::vec2);
+    TEST_ATTRIBUTE(TextureCoords, glm::vec2);
     TEST_ATTRIBUTE(Tangents, glm::vec3);
     TEST_ATTRIBUTE(Bitangents, glm::vec3);
     TEST_ATTRIBUTE(Indices, unsigned int);
diff --git a/tests/src/test_model.cpp b/tests/src/test_model.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..40ff471cfd423780bf4a879a428023a71d595cfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/src/test_model.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "catch/catch.hpp"
+
+#include "phx/assimp_model_loader.hpp"
+#include "phx/model.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_manager.hpp"
+
+SCENARIO("A Model can be loaded that contains multiple meshes",
+         "[phx][phx::Model]") {
+  GIVEN("A fresh resource manager...") {
+    GIVEN("A file name of an .obj file...") {
+      std::string mesh_file{"models/2MeshTest/2meshTest.obj"};
+      phx::ResourceDeclaration mesh_declaration{mesh_file};
+      WHEN("A model resource is declared and loaded") {
+        auto model_proxy =
+            phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource(mesh_declaration);
+        model_proxy->Load();
+        phx::Model* model = model_proxy->GetAs<phx::Model>();
+        THEN("the returned model contains 2 meshes") {
+          REQUIRE(model->GetMeshes().size() == 2u);
+        }
+        THEN(
+            "the returned model contains 3 materials - 2 from the file, plus "
+            "one default material") {
+          REQUIRE(model->GetMaterials().size() == 3u);
+        }
+        THEN(
+            "Mesh no. 0 is connected to material no. 2, and mesh no. 1 to "
+            "material no. 1") {
+          REQUIRE(model->GetMaterialForMesh(model->GetMeshes()[0]) ==
+                  model->GetMaterials()[2]);
+          REQUIRE(model->GetMaterialForMesh(model->GetMeshes()[1]) ==
+                  model->GetMaterials()[1]);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/tests/src/test_opengl_buffer_data.cpp b/tests/src/test_opengl_buffer_data.cpp
index 24705b00cb0dae00ff963e0b05732f50f587a7a7..68a45b914791781d88988e6dbd0ff32487f88e2c 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_opengl_buffer_data.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/test_opengl_buffer_data.cpp
@@ -451,83 +451,37 @@ SCENARIO(
     }
   }
 }
-
-SCENARIO("Difference of OpenGLImageBufferDataType can be computed",
+SCENARIO("Distance between two OpenGLImageBufferDataType can be computed",
          "[phx][phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType]") {
   GIVEN("Two OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB") {
     phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB A{3, 4, 5};
-    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB B{16, 19, 21};
-    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB expected{13, 15, 16};
-    WHEN("they are subtracted") {
-      auto result = B - A;
-      THEN("they yield the correct result") {
-        REQUIRE_PIXEL_RGB_COLOR(result, expected);
-      }
+    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB B{25, 1, 13};
+    THEN("The distance is correct") {
+      REQUIRE(phx::PixelDistance(A, B) == Approx(23.60085f));
     }
   }
 
   GIVEN("Two OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA") {
-    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA A{3, 4, 5, 6};
-    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA B{16, 19, 21, 23};
-    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA expected{13, 15, 16, 17};
-    WHEN("they are subtracted") {
-      auto result = B - A;
-      THEN("they yield the correct result") {
-        REQUIRE_PIXEL_RGBA_COLOR(result, expected);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  GIVEN("Two OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32") {
-    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32 A{17.0};
-    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32 B{42.0};
-    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32 expected{25.0};
-    WHEN("they are subtracted") {
-      auto result = B - A;
-      THEN("they yield the correct result") {
-        REQUIRE_PIXEL_V_COLOR(result, expected);
-      }
+    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA A{3, 4, 5, 4};
+    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA B{25, 1, 13, 188};
+    THEN("The distance is correct") {
+      REQUIRE(phx::PixelDistance(A, B) == Approx(185.507f));
     }
   }
 
   GIVEN("Two OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte") {
     phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte A{17};
-    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte B{42};
-    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte expected{25};
-    WHEN("they are subtracted") {
-      auto result = B - A;
-      THEN("they yield the correct result") {
-        REQUIRE_PIXEL_V_COLOR(result, expected);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-SCENARIO("L2Norm of OpenGLImageBufferDataType can be computed",
-         "[phx][phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType]") {
-  GIVEN("An OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB") {
-    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB A{3, 4, 5};
-    THEN("its l2norm is correct") {
-      REQUIRE(phx::L2Norm(A) == Approx(7.07107f));
+    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte B{4};
+    THEN("The distance is correct") {
+      REQUIRE(phx::PixelDistance(A, B) == Approx(13.0f));
     }
   }
 
-  GIVEN("An OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA") {
-    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGBA A{3, 4, 5, 6};
-    THEN("its l2norm is correct") {
-      REQUIRE(phx::L2Norm(A) == Approx(9.27361f));
-    }
-  }
-
-  GIVEN("An OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte") {
-    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Byte A{17};
-    THEN("its l2norm is correct") { REQUIRE(phx::L2Norm(A) == Approx(17.0f)); }
-  }
-
-  GIVEN("An OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32") {
+  GIVEN("Two OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32") {
     phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32 A{3.1415f};
-    THEN("its l2norm is correct") {
-      REQUIRE(phx::L2Norm(A) == Approx(3.1415f));
+    phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32 B{2.7181f};
+    THEN("Their distance is correct") {
+      REQUIRE(phx::PixelDistance(A, B) == Approx(0.4234f));
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/tests/src/test_opengl_buffer_data_comparison.cpp b/tests/src/test_opengl_buffer_data_comparison.cpp
index 4f206a7a6fffcd58b6d4a31aa6906e2e09c782ed..4054e1f4600c1b62e625657498df403b3b531ccc 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_opengl_buffer_data_comparison.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/test_opengl_buffer_data_comparison.cpp
@@ -218,6 +218,49 @@ SCENARIO(
   }
 }
 
+SCENARIO(
+    "A difference magnitude image/buffer of two OpenGLImageBufferData can be "
+    "computed",
+    "[tests][test::utils]") {
+  GIVEN("Two OpenGLImageBufferData of unequal size") {
+    phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB> buffer1(64,
+                                                                           64);
+    phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB> buffer2(64,
+                                                                           32);
+
+    THEN("The difference magnitude image is null") {
+      auto result =
+          phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB>::
+              CreateDifferenceMagnitudeBuffer(buffer1, buffer2);
+      REQUIRE(result == nullptr);
+    }
+  }
+
+  GIVEN(
+      "Two OpenGLImageBufferData with size 64x64 and RGB format that differ in "
+      "some pixels") {
+    phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB> buffer1(64,
+                                                                           64);
+    phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB> buffer2(64,
+                                                                           64);
+    buffer1.SetPixel(5, 6, {128, 128, 128});
+    buffer2.SetPixel(5, 6, {190, 120, 130});
+    buffer2.SetPixel(18, 18, {116, 90, 22});
+
+    THEN(
+        "The difference magnitude image is greater than 0 at these locations") {
+      auto result =
+          phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB>::
+              CreateDifferenceMagnitudeBuffer(buffer1, buffer2);
+      REQUIRE(result != nullptr);
+
+      REQUIRE(result->GetPixel(5, 6).value_ > 0.f);
+      REQUIRE(result->GetPixel(18, 18).value_ > 0.f);
+      REQUIRE(result->GetPixel(55, 21).value_ == 0.f);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 SCENARIO(
     "REQUIRE_SIMILARITY can be used to check for similarity and on failure "
     "write the images to disk",
diff --git a/tests/src/test_output_system.cpp b/tests/src/test_output_system.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 0b6d86cf5ae45b31ce8e33716cd0be19eabab770..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/tests/src/test_output_system.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Project Phoenix
-//
-// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
-// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//                                 License
-//
-// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-#include <memory>
-
-#include "catch/catch.hpp"
-
-#include "phx/engine.hpp"
-#include "phx/logger.hpp"
-#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
-#include "phx/output_system.hpp"
-#include "phx/scene.hpp"
-#include "phx/transform.hpp"
-
-#include "test_utilities/log_capture.hpp"
-
-SCENARIO("The output system shows the content of the scene.",
-         "[phx][phx::OutputSystem]") {
-  GIVEN("An output system and a scene.") {
-    phx::CreateDefaultLogger();
-
-    auto scene = std::make_shared<phx::Scene>();
-    phx::Engine engine;
-    auto output_system = engine.CreateSystem<phx::OutputSystem>();
-    engine.SetScene(scene);
-
-    auto log_capture = std::make_shared<test_utilities::LogCapture>();
-    phx::logger = std::make_shared<spdlog::logger>("logcapture", log_capture);
-    phx::logger->set_pattern("%v");
-
-    WHEN("We create one entity") {
-      phx::Entity* first_entity = scene->CreateEntity();
-
-      WHEN("we call the output system's Update routine") {
-        output_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo());
-        THEN("it outputs information about this one entity") {
-          REQUIRE(*log_capture ==
-                  "(Scene #Entities: 1)\n\t (Entity, #Components: 0)\n");
-        }
-      }
-
-      WHEN("We create another entity") {
-        scene->CreateEntity();
-
-        WHEN("we call the output system's Update routine") {
-          output_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo());
-          THEN("it outputs information about both entities") {
-            REQUIRE(*log_capture ==
-                    "(Scene #Entities: 2)\n\t (Entity, #Components: 0)\n\t "
-                    "(Entity, #Components: 0)\n");
-          }
-        }
-      }
-
-      WHEN("We add a transform component to the entity") {
-        first_entity->AddComponent<phx::Transform>();
-
-        THEN(
-            "The update routine outputs information about the entity and its "
-            "transform component") {
-          output_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo());
-          REQUIRE(*log_capture ==
-                  "(Scene #Entities: 1)\n\t (Entity, #Components: 1)\n"
-                  "\t\tTransformComponent: \n"
-                  "+1.000  +0.000  +0.000  +0.000\n"
-                  "+0.000  +1.000  +0.000  +0.000\n"
-                  "+0.000  +0.000  +1.000  +0.000\n"
-                  "+0.000  +0.000  +0.000  +1.000\n");
-        }
-
-        WHEN("We add a mesh component") {
-          first_entity->AddComponent<phx::Mesh>();
-          THEN(
-              "The update routine outputs information about the entity and its "
-              "two components") {
-            output_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo());
-            REQUIRE(*log_capture ==
-                    "(Scene #Entities: 1)\n\t (Entity, #Components: 2)\n"
-                    "\t\tTransformComponent: \n"
-                    "+1.000  +0.000  +0.000  +0.000\n"
-                    "+0.000  +1.000  +0.000  +0.000\n"
-                    "+0.000  +0.000  +1.000  +0.000\n"
-                    "+0.000  +0.000  +0.000  +1.000\n"
-                    "\t\t (MeshComponent #Vertices: 0 #Normals: 0 #TexCoords: "
-                    "0 #Tangents: 0 #Bitangents: 0 #Indices: 0)\n");
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
diff --git a/tests/src/test_rendering_system.cpp b/tests/src/test_rendering_system.cpp
index d918912493e699ed12fef7238ac19bcaacffa07a..f1585600d2e93f1a1d93752abcf2b1ebb6564584 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_rendering_system.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/test_rendering_system.cpp
@@ -31,11 +31,10 @@
 #include "phx/rendering_system.hpp"
 #include "phx/scene.hpp"
 #include "phx/transform.hpp"
-#include "phx/window.hpp"
 
 #include "trompeloeil.hpp"
 
-#include "mocks/open_gl_mock.hpp"
+#include "mocks/opengl_mock.hpp"
 #include "mocks/sdl_mock.hpp"
 
 extern template struct trompeloeil::reporter<trompeloeil::specialized>;
@@ -49,14 +48,17 @@ SCENARIO(
   phx::Engine engine;
 
   GIVEN("A rendering system.") {
-    phx::Window window;
     phx::RenderingSystem* rendering_system =
-        engine.CreateSystem<phx::RenderingSystem>(&window);
+        engine.CreateSystem<phx::RenderingSystem>();
 
     WHEN("We initialize the system") {
       rendering_system->Initialize();
-      THEN("a default frame graph is created, that has 3 render passes") {
-        REQUIRE(rendering_system->GetFrameGraph()->GetNumberOfPasses() == 3u);
+      THEN(
+          "a default frame graph is created, that has 0 render passes, "
+          "since there is currently to much inter-relation between the "
+          "systems") {
+        REQUIRE(rendering_system->GetFrameGraph()->GetNumberOfPasses() == 0);
+        // TODO(@all) Improve this?
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/tests/src/test_resource_manager.cpp b/tests/src/test_resource_manager.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b65b14fdbc9737c73f3066cbc4956aa59efd23fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/src/test_resource_manager.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include <fstream>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "glm/glm.hpp"
+
+#include "catch/catch.hpp"
+
+#include "assimp/postprocess.h"  // Post processing flags
+
+#include "phx/image.hpp"
+#include "phx/image_loader.hpp"
+#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_declaration.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_manager.hpp"
+#include "phx/resource_proxy.hpp"
+#include "phx/shader_source.hpp"
+
+SCENARIO(
+    "Check the declaration phase of a resource life cycle. A resource needs to "
+    "be declared first and it can only be declared once.",
+    "[phx][phx::ResourceManager]") {
+  GIVEN("A fresh resource manager...") {
+    auto &manager = phx::ResourceManager::instance();
+    GIVEN("A file name of an .obj file...") {
+      std::string mesh_file{"0;models/bunny.obj"};
+      phx::ResourceDeclaration mesh_declaration{mesh_file};
+      WHEN("A resource is declared") {
+        auto mesh_proxy = manager.DeclareResource(mesh_declaration);
+        THEN("the returned key is a proxy for an unloaded resource") {
+          REQUIRE(mesh_proxy != nullptr);
+          REQUIRE_FALSE(mesh_proxy->IsOnline());
+        }
+        WHEN("The same resource declaration is issued again") {
+          auto redundant_proxy = manager.DeclareResource(mesh_declaration);
+          THEN(
+              "the same key is returned (i.e. each resource exists only "
+              "once!).") {
+            REQUIRE(redundant_proxy == mesh_proxy);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+SCENARIO(
+    "Check the load/unload phases of a resource life cycle. A resource is "
+    "offline after declaration and can be loaded in order to bring it online.",
+    "[phx][phx::ResourceManager]") {
+  GIVEN("A fresh resource manager and a declared mesh resource") {
+    auto &manager = phx::ResourceManager::instance();
+    std::string mesh_file{"0;models/bunny.obj"};
+    phx::ResourceDeclaration mesh_declaration{mesh_file};
+    auto mesh_proxy = manager.DeclareResource(mesh_declaration);
+    WHEN("A resource has not yet been loaded") {
+      THEN("its state is still \"offline\".") {
+        REQUIRE_FALSE(mesh_proxy->IsOnline());
+      }
+      THEN("accessing it yields a nullptr.") {
+        REQUIRE(mesh_proxy->GetAs<phx::Mesh>() == nullptr);
+      }
+    }
+    WHEN("A resource is loaded through its proxy") {
+      mesh_proxy->Load();
+      THEN("its state changes to \"online\"") {
+        REQUIRE(mesh_proxy->IsOnline());
+      }
+      THEN("it is available through the proxy") {
+        auto mesh_resource = mesh_proxy->GetAs<phx::Mesh>();
+        REQUIRE(mesh_resource != nullptr);
+        REQUIRE(mesh_resource->GetNumberOfVertices() > 0);
+
+        WHEN("the resource is loaded again") {
+          mesh_proxy->Load();
+          THEN("the underlying resource pointer remains the same") {
+            auto redundant_mesh = mesh_proxy->GetAs<phx::Mesh>();
+            REQUIRE(mesh_proxy->IsOnline());
+            REQUIRE(redundant_mesh == mesh_resource);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      WHEN("a resource proxy is used to unload a resource again") {
+        mesh_proxy->Unload();
+        THEN("its state changes to \"offline\" (again)") {
+          REQUIRE_FALSE(mesh_proxy->IsOnline());
+        }
+        THEN("its resource pointer reverts to nullptr") {
+          REQUIRE(mesh_proxy->GetAs<phx::Mesh>() == nullptr);
+        }
+        WHEN("an unloaded resource is unloaded again") {
+          mesh_proxy->Unload();
+          THEN("its state remains unchanged") {
+            REQUIRE_FALSE(mesh_proxy->IsOnline());
+            REQUIRE(mesh_proxy->GetAs<phx::Mesh>() == nullptr);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+SCENARIO("Shaders are resources", "[phx][phx::ResourceManager]") {
+  GIVEN("An empty resource manager") {
+    auto &manager = phx::ResourceManager::instance();
+    GIVEN("A shader file name") {
+      const std::string shader_file{"shader/test.frag"};
+      WHEN("A shader is declared") {
+        auto shader_proxy = manager.DeclareResource(shader_file);
+        THEN("a valid resource proxy is returned") {
+          REQUIRE(shader_proxy != nullptr);
+          REQUIRE_FALSE(shader_proxy->IsOnline());
+        }
+        WHEN("The shader is loaded through its proxy") {
+          shader_proxy->Load();
+          THEN("the proxy state changes to \"online\"") {
+            REQUIRE(shader_proxy->IsOnline());
+          }
+          THEN("the shader source is available through the proxy") {
+            auto shader = shader_proxy->GetAs<phx::ShaderSource>();
+            REQUIRE(shader != nullptr);
+            REQUIRE(shader->GetSourceLength() > 0);
+          }
+          WHEN("The shader is unloaded again") {
+            shader_proxy->Unload();
+            THEN("its proxy state returns to offline") {
+              REQUIRE_FALSE(shader_proxy->IsOnline());
+            }
+            THEN("the source code is gone") {
+              REQUIRE(shader_proxy->GetAs<phx::ShaderSource>() == nullptr);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+SCENARIO("Images are resources", "[phx][phx::ResourceManager]") {
+  GIVEN("An empty resource manager") {
+    auto &manager = phx::ResourceManager::instance();
+    GIVEN("An image file name") {
+      const std::string image_file{"textures/test.jpg"};
+      manager.RegisterResourceType(".jpg",
+                                   std::make_unique<phx::ImageLoader>());
+      WHEN("An image is declared") {
+        auto image_proxy = manager.DeclareResource(image_file);
+        THEN("a valid resource proxy is returned") {
+          REQUIRE(image_proxy != nullptr);
+          REQUIRE_FALSE(image_proxy->IsOnline());
+        }
+        WHEN("The image is loaded through its proxy") {
+          image_proxy->Load();
+          THEN("the proxy changes to \"online\"") {
+            REQUIRE(image_proxy->IsOnline());
+          }
+          THEN("the image data is available through the proxy") {
+            auto image = image_proxy->GetAs<phx::Image>();
+            REQUIRE(image != nullptr);
+            REQUIRE(image->GetWidth() > 0);
+          }
+          WHEN("The image is unloaded again") {
+            image_proxy->Unload();
+            THEN("its proxy state returns to offline") {
+              REQUIRE_FALSE(image_proxy->IsOnline());
+            }
+            THEN("the image data is gone") {
+              REQUIRE(image_proxy->GetAs<phx::Image>() == nullptr);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/tests/src/test_scene.cpp b/tests/src/test_scene.cpp
index 5721fba943d5720c09a7a08363eea19fc57f0c0c..9e8b29258515b3c4d15c67a4c23f15440dc20d31 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_scene.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/test_scene.cpp
@@ -24,25 +24,28 @@
 
 #include "phx/entity.hpp"
 #include "phx/scene.hpp"
+#include "phx/virtual_platform.hpp"
 
 SCENARIO("A scene keeps track of entities.", "[phx][phx::Scene]") {
   GIVEN("An empty scene") {
     phx::Scene scene;
 
-    THEN("It should have 0 entities.") {
-      REQUIRE(scene.GetNumberOfEntities() == 0);
+    THEN("It should have 1 entity (the virtual platform).") {
+      REQUIRE(scene.GetNumberOfEntities() == 1);
+      REQUIRE(
+          scene.GetEntities()[0]->GetFirstComponent<phx::VirtualPlatform>());
     }
 
     WHEN("We create an entity in the scene") {
       phx::Entity* entity = scene.CreateEntity();
 
-      THEN("the scene has 1 entity.") {
-        REQUIRE(scene.GetNumberOfEntities() == 1);
+      THEN("the scene has 2 entities.") {
+        REQUIRE(scene.GetNumberOfEntities() == 2);
       }
-      THEN("the entity vector is of size 1 and contains the entity.") {
-        REQUIRE(scene.GetEntities().size() == 1);
-        REQUIRE(scene.GetEntities()[0] == entity);
-        REQUIRE(scene.GetEntities()[0]->GetScene() == &scene);
+      THEN("the entity vector is of size 2 and contains the entity.") {
+        REQUIRE(scene.GetEntities().size() == 2);
+        REQUIRE(scene.GetEntities()[1] == entity);
+        REQUIRE(scene.GetEntities()[1]->GetScene() == &scene);
       }
       THEN("we get a non-null pointer to the newly created entity.") {
         REQUIRE(entity != nullptr);
@@ -50,15 +53,17 @@ SCENARIO("A scene keeps track of entities.", "[phx][phx::Scene]") {
 
       WHEN("we try to delete with an invalid handle.") {
         scene.RemoveEntity(reinterpret_cast<phx::Entity*>(42));
-        THEN("the scene still has 1 entity.") {
-          REQUIRE(scene.GetNumberOfEntities() == 1);
+        THEN("the scene still has 2 entities.") {
+          REQUIRE(scene.GetNumberOfEntities() == 2);
         }
       }
 
       WHEN("we delete the entity from the scene.") {
         scene.RemoveEntity(entity);
-        THEN("the scene has 0 entities.") {
-          REQUIRE(scene.GetNumberOfEntities() == 0);
+        THEN("the scene has 1 entity (the virtual platform).") {
+          REQUIRE(scene.GetNumberOfEntities() == 1);
+          REQUIRE(
+            scene.GetEntities()[0]->GetFirstComponent<phx::VirtualPlatform>());
         }
       }
     }
diff --git a/tests/src/test_scene_loader.cpp b/tests/src/test_scene_loader.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..edc9b318c0f3836007aa1d64405acca1da70dcaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/src/test_scene_loader.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "catch/catch.hpp"
+
+#include "phx/scene.hpp"
+#include "phx/scene_loader.hpp"
+
+SCENARIO("The scene loader can load a model", "[phx][phx::SceneLoader]") {
+  GIVEN("An empty scene") {
+    phx::Scene scene;
+    WHEN("We load a model into the scene") {
+      std::string mesh_file{"models/2MeshTest/2meshTest.obj"};
+      bool success = phx::SceneLoader::InsertModelIntoScene(mesh_file, &scene);
+      THEN("the scene contains 2 entities + the virtual platform") {
+        REQUIRE(success);
+        REQUIRE(scene.GetEntities().size() == 3u);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/tests/src/test_shader.cpp b/tests/src/test_shader.cpp
index 73b3c0aacf139ebf2bd35b992bca770cb05dd8a8..72bccfbc2ced2635f54eba5d14e5606f701d0d70 100644
--- a/tests/src/test_shader.cpp
+++ b/tests/src/test_shader.cpp
@@ -32,36 +32,18 @@ SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
 
 #include "catch/catch.hpp"
 
+#include "phx/resource_manager.hpp"
 #include "phx/shader_program.hpp"
 
-#include "mocks/open_gl_mock.hpp"
+#include "mocks/opengl_mock.hpp"
 
 extern template struct trompeloeil::reporter<trompeloeil::specialized>;
 
-SCENARIO(
-    "Shader Programs are always valid, once created and cannot load invalid "
-    "shaders.",
-    "[phx][phx::Shader]") {
-  OPENGL_MOCK_ALLOW_ANY_CALL
-  GIVEN("A Shader Object") {
-    phx::ShaderProgram shader;
-    THEN("The shader is valid.") { REQUIRE(shader.is_valid()); }
-
-    WHEN("we load a not existing shader") {
-      int loaded_shaders = shader.LoadAndCompileShadersFromFiles("nonsense");
-
-      THEN("It should be still valid and report 0 shaders loaded") {
-        REQUIRE(loaded_shaders == 0);
-        REQUIRE(shader.is_valid());
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
 SCENARIO("We can load shaders.", "[phx][phx::Shader]") {
   OPENGL_MOCK_ALLOW_ANY_CALL
   GIVEN("An uninitialized Shader Object") {
     REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glCreateProgram()).TIMES(1).RETURN(1u);
-    phx::ShaderProgram shader;
+    phx::ShaderProgram shader_program;
 
     WHEN("we load an existing test fragment shader from the file system") {
       THEN(
@@ -76,16 +58,21 @@ SCENARIO("We can load shaders.", "[phx][phx::Shader]") {
         REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glCompileShader(1u));
         REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glAttachShader(1u, 1u));
 
-        bool success = shader.LoadAndCompileFragementShader("test.frag");
+        auto fragment_proxy = phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource(
+            "shader/test.frag");
+        fragment_proxy->Load();
+
+        bool success = shader_program.SetShaderProxy(
+            phx::ShaderProgram::FRAGMENT, fragment_proxy);
 
         REQUIRE(success);
-        REQUIRE(shader.is_valid());
+        REQUIRE(shader_program.is_valid());
       }
     }
   }
   GIVEN("An uninitialized Shader Object") {
     REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glCreateProgram()).TIMES(1).RETURN(1u);
-    phx::ShaderProgram shader;
+    phx::ShaderProgram shader_program;
 
     WHEN("we load all shaders from the filesystem with a given name") {
       THEN(
@@ -96,10 +83,20 @@ SCENARIO("We can load shaders.", "[phx][phx::Shader]") {
             .SIDE_EFFECT(*_3 = 1);
         ALLOW_CALL(open_gl_mock, glCreateShader(_)).RETURN(1u);
 
-        bool success = shader.LoadAndCompileShadersFromFiles("phong");
+        auto vertex_proxy = phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource(
+            "shader/phong.vert");
+        vertex_proxy->Load();
+        auto fragment_proxy = phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource(
+            "shader/phong.frag");
+        fragment_proxy->Load();
+
+        bool success = shader_program.SetShaderProxy(phx::ShaderProgram::VERTEX,
+                                                     vertex_proxy);
+        success &= shader_program.SetShaderProxy(phx::ShaderProgram::FRAGMENT,
+                                                 fragment_proxy);
 
         REQUIRE(success);
-        REQUIRE(shader.is_valid());
+        REQUIRE(shader_program.is_valid());
       }
     }
   }
@@ -110,8 +107,19 @@ SCENARIO("Shader Programs link themselves if they should be binded.",
 
   GIVEN("A phong shader program") {
     REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glCreateProgram()).TIMES(1).RETURN(1u);
-    phx::ShaderProgram shader;
-    shader.LoadAndCompileShadersFromFiles("phong");
+    phx::ShaderProgram shader_program;
+
+    auto vertex_proxy =
+        phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource("shader/phong.vert");
+    vertex_proxy->Load();
+    auto fragment_proxy =
+        phx::ResourceManager::instance().DeclareResource("shader/phong.frag");
+    fragment_proxy->Load();
+
+    bool success =
+        shader_program.SetShaderProxy(phx::ShaderProgram::VERTEX, vertex_proxy);
+    success &= shader_program.SetShaderProxy(phx::ShaderProgram::FRAGMENT,
+                                             fragment_proxy);
 
     WHEN("we use this for the first time") {
       THEN(" it is also LinkShaderProgram links it") {
@@ -128,8 +136,8 @@ SCENARIO("Shader Programs link themselves if they should be binded.",
               *_3 = GL_FALSE;
             } else { *_3 = GL_TRUE; });
 
-        shader.LinkShaderProgram();
-        shader.use();
+        shader_program.Link();
+        shader_program.use();
 
         WHEN("we use this for the second time") {
           THEN("LinkShaderProgram does not link it again") {
@@ -138,13 +146,13 @@ SCENARIO("Shader Programs link themselves if they should be binded.",
             ALLOW_CALL(open_gl_mock, glGetProgramiv(1u, _, _))
                 .SIDE_EFFECT(*_3 = GL_TRUE);
 
-            shader.LinkShaderProgram();
-            shader.use();
+            shader_program.Link();
+            shader_program.use();
 
             WHEN("we unuse it") {
               THEN(" the program is set to an invalid one") {
                 REQUIRE_CALL(open_gl_mock, glUseProgram(0u)).TIMES(1);
-                shader.unuse();
+                shader_program.unuse();
               }
             }
           }
diff --git a/tests/src/test_tracking_system.cpp b/tests/src/test_tracking_system.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..020144909774aee5df60f5ec3154a72bfc420010
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/src/test_tracking_system.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,306 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "catch/catch.hpp"
+
+#include "trompeloeil.hpp"
+
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_BEGIN
+#include "mocks/openvr_mock.hpp"
+SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
+#include "mocks/sdl_mock.hpp"
+
+#include "phx/display_system.hpp"
+#include "phx/entity.hpp"
+#include "phx/projection.hpp"
+#include "phx/scene.hpp"
+#include "phx/tracking_system.hpp"
+#include "phx/transform.hpp"
+#include "phx/virtual_platform.hpp"
+
+#include "test_utilities/glm_mat4.hpp"
+
+using trompeloeil::_;
+using trompeloeil::ne;
+
+extern template struct trompeloeil::reporter<trompeloeil::specialized>;
+
+void SetGlmToArrayMatrix_3_4(glm::mat4 m, float* array);
+void SetGlmToArrayMatrix_3_4(glm::mat4 m, float* array) {
+  std::size_t index = 0;
+  for (int x = 0; x < 3; x++) {
+    for (int y = 0; y < 4; y++) {
+      array[index++] = m[y][x];
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+SCENARIO(
+    "The tracking system tracks hardware and updates their software "
+    "counterparts.",
+    "[phx][phx::TrackingSystem]") {
+  OPENVR_MOCK_ALLOW_ANY_CALL;
+  SDL_MOCK_ALLOW_ANY_CALL;
+
+  phx::Engine engine;
+  auto display_system = engine.CreateSystem<phx::DisplaySystem>();
+
+  GIVEN(
+      "The display system has an HMD and the engine has a scene with a "
+      "virtual platform.") {
+    display_system->CreateHMD();
+    auto scene = std::make_shared<phx::Scene>();
+    engine.SetScene(scene);
+    auto platform_trans_mat =
+        glm::mat4(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
+                  1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f);
+    scene->GetEntitiesWithComponents<phx::VirtualPlatform>()[0]
+        ->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()
+        ->SetLocalMatrix(platform_trans_mat);
+    WHEN("A tracking system is created and initialized.") {
+      auto tracking_system = engine.CreateSystem<phx::TrackingSystem>();
+      tracking_system->Initialize();
+      THEN("The HMD and the user's eyes are represented in the scene.") {
+        auto entities = scene->GetEntitiesWithComponents<phx::Transform>();
+        bool platform_present = false;
+        bool hmd_present = false;
+        bool left_eye_present = false;
+        bool right_eye_present = false;
+        bool left_controller_present = false;
+        bool right_controller_present = false;
+        for (auto entity : entities) {
+          if (entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::VirtualPlatform>()) {
+            THEN("There is only one virtual platform.") {
+              REQUIRE(platform_present == false);
+            }
+            platform_present = true;
+          }
+          if (entity->GetName() == phx::RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_HMD) {
+            THEN("There is only one HMD.") { REQUIRE(hmd_present == false); }
+            THEN("The HMD has a transform component.") {
+              REQUIRE(entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>());
+            }
+            THEN(
+                "The parent of the HMD's transform is the platform's "
+                "transform.") {
+              REQUIRE(
+                  entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()->GetParent() !=
+                  nullptr);
+              REQUIRE(entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()
+                          ->GetParent()
+                          ->GetEntity()
+                          ->GetFirstComponent<phx::VirtualPlatform>());
+            }
+            hmd_present = true;
+          }
+          if (entity->GetName() == phx::RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_EYE_LEFT) {
+            THEN("There is only one left eye.") {
+              REQUIRE(left_eye_present == false);
+            }
+            THEN("The left eye has a transform component.") {
+              REQUIRE(entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>());
+            }
+            THEN("The left eye has a projection component.") {
+              REQUIRE(entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Projection>());
+            }
+            THEN(
+                "The parent of the left eye's transform is the HMD's "
+                "transform.") {
+              REQUIRE(
+                  entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()->GetParent() !=
+                  nullptr);
+              REQUIRE(entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()
+                          ->GetParent()
+                          ->GetEntity()
+                          ->GetName() == phx::RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_HMD);
+            }
+            left_eye_present = true;
+          }
+          if (entity->GetName() == phx::RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_EYE_RIGHT) {
+            THEN("There is only one right eye.") {
+              REQUIRE(right_eye_present == false);
+            }
+            THEN("The right eye has a transform component.") {
+              REQUIRE(entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>());
+            }
+            THEN("The right eye has a projection component.") {
+              REQUIRE(entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Projection>());
+            }
+            THEN(
+                "The parent of the right eye's transform is the HMD's "
+                "transform.") {
+              REQUIRE(
+                  entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()->GetParent() !=
+                  nullptr);
+              REQUIRE(entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()
+                          ->GetParent()
+                          ->GetEntity()
+                          ->GetName() == phx::RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_HMD);
+            }
+            right_eye_present = true;
+          }
+
+          if (entity->GetName() == phx::RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_CONTROLLER_LEFT) {
+            THEN("There is only one left controller.") {
+              REQUIRE(left_controller_present == false);
+            }
+            THEN("The left controller has a transform component.") {
+              REQUIRE(entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>());
+            }
+            THEN(
+                "The parent of the left controller's transform is the "
+                "platform's transform.") {
+              REQUIRE(
+                  entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()->GetParent() !=
+                  nullptr);
+              REQUIRE(entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()
+                          ->GetParent()
+                          ->GetEntity()
+                          ->GetFirstComponent<phx::VirtualPlatform>());
+            }
+            left_controller_present = true;
+          }
+          if (entity->GetName() == phx::RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_CONTROLLER_RIGHT) {
+            THEN("There is only one right controller.") {
+              REQUIRE(right_controller_present == false);
+            }
+            THEN("The right controller has a transform component.") {
+              REQUIRE(entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>());
+            }
+            THEN(
+                "The parent of the right controller's transform is the "
+                "platform's transform.") {
+              REQUIRE(
+                  entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()->GetParent() !=
+                  nullptr);
+              REQUIRE(entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()
+                          ->GetParent()
+                          ->GetEntity()
+                          ->GetFirstComponent<phx::VirtualPlatform>());
+            }
+            right_controller_present = true;
+          }
+        }
+        THEN(
+            "There are six entities: The platform, the HMD, the left and "
+            "the right eyes, the left and right controllers.") {
+          REQUIRE(entities.size() == 6);
+          REQUIRE(platform_present);
+          REQUIRE(hmd_present);
+          REQUIRE(left_eye_present);
+          REQUIRE(right_eye_present);
+          REQUIRE(left_controller_present);
+          REQUIRE(right_controller_present);
+        }
+      }
+      WHEN("The tracking system is then updated.") {
+        auto hmd_trans_mat =
+            glm::mat4(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
+                      0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.5f, 1.8f, 0.2f, 1.0f);
+        auto left_eye_trans_mat =
+            glm::mat4(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
+                      0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, -0.04f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
+        auto right_eye_trans_mat =
+            glm::mat4(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
+                      0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.04f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
+        SetGlmToArrayMatrix_3_4(hmd_trans_mat,
+                                openvr_mock.head_transformation_);
+        SetGlmToArrayMatrix_3_4(left_eye_trans_mat,
+                                openvr_mock.eye_to_head_left_);
+        SetGlmToArrayMatrix_3_4(right_eye_trans_mat,
+                                openvr_mock.eye_to_head_right_);
+        tracking_system->Update(phx::FrameTimer::TimeInfo());
+        THEN(
+            "It sets the transforms of all the runtime entities to the "
+            "correct values.") {
+          auto entities = scene->GetEntitiesWithComponents<phx::Transform>();
+          bool platform_present = false;
+          bool hmd_present = false;
+          bool left_eye_present = false;
+          bool right_eye_present = false;
+          bool left_controller_present = false;
+          bool right_controller_present = false;
+          for (auto entity : entities) {
+            if (entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::VirtualPlatform>()) {
+              THEN("The platform transformation did not change.") {
+                REQUIRE(test_utilities::Approx<glm::mat4>(
+                            entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()
+                                ->GetLocalMatrix()) == platform_trans_mat);
+              }
+              platform_present = true;
+            }
+            if (entity->GetName() == phx::RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_HMD) {
+              THEN(
+                  "The hmd transformation changes to the one provided by "
+                  "OpenVR.") {
+                REQUIRE(test_utilities::Approx<glm::mat4>(
+                            entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()
+                                ->GetLocalMatrix()) == hmd_trans_mat);
+              }
+              hmd_present = true;
+            }
+            if (entity->GetName() == phx::RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_EYE_LEFT) {
+              THEN(
+                  "The left eye transformation changes to the one provided "
+                  "by OpenVR.") {
+                REQUIRE(test_utilities::Approx<glm::mat4>(
+                            entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()
+                                ->GetLocalMatrix()) == left_eye_trans_mat);
+              }
+              left_eye_present = true;
+            }
+            if (entity->GetName() == phx::RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_EYE_RIGHT) {
+              THEN(
+                  "The right eye transformation changes to the one provided "
+                  "by OpenVR.") {
+                REQUIRE(test_utilities::Approx<glm::mat4>(
+                            entity->GetFirstComponent<phx::Transform>()
+                                ->GetLocalMatrix()) == right_eye_trans_mat);
+              }
+              right_eye_present = true;
+            }
+            if (entity->GetName() == phx::RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_CONTROLLER_LEFT) {
+              left_controller_present = true;
+            }
+            if (entity->GetName() ==
+                phx::RUNTIME_ENTITY_NAME_CONTROLLER_RIGHT) {
+              right_controller_present = true;
+            }
+          }
+          THEN(
+              "There are still six entities: The platform, the HMD, the "
+              "left and the right eyes, the left and the right controllers.") {
+            REQUIRE(entities.size() == 6);
+            REQUIRE(platform_present);
+            REQUIRE(hmd_present);
+            REQUIRE(left_eye_present);
+            REQUIRE(right_eye_present);
+            REQUIRE(left_controller_present);
+            REQUIRE(right_controller_present);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/tests/src/test_virtual_platform.cpp b/tests/src/test_virtual_platform.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5e5a940e83748142135bed700678ba21b2fcefb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/src/test_virtual_platform.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualisation Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "catch/catch.hpp"
+
+#include "phx/virtual_platform.hpp"
+
+SCENARIO("The virtual platform represents the reference frame for the user.",
+         "[phx][phx::VirtualPlatform]") {
+  GIVEN("A virtual platform component.") { phx::VirtualPlatform platform; }
+}
diff --git a/tests/src/test_window.cpp b/tests/src/test_window.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index db2086bf01f64ab495660183d24f678a3f195b27..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/tests/src/test_window.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,104 +0,0 @@
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Project Phoenix
-//
-// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
-// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualization Group.
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//                                 License
-//
-// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-#include "catch/catch.hpp"
-
-#include "phx/window.hpp"
-
-#include "trompeloeil.hpp"
-
-#include "mocks/sdl_mock.hpp"
-
-using trompeloeil::_;
-using trompeloeil::ne;
-
-extern template struct trompeloeil::reporter<trompeloeil::specialized>;
-
-SCENARIO("A window is created.", "[phx][phx::Window]") {
-  SDL_MOCK_ALLOW_ANY_CALL;
-
-  WHEN("I create a window") {
-    THEN("the video subsystem is initialized") {
-      REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO)).RETURN(0);
-      phx::Window window;
-    }
-    THEN("OpenGL 4.5 core profile is requested") {
-      REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(),
-                   SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4))
-          .RETURN(0);
-      REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(),
-                   SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION, 5))
-          .RETURN(0);
-      REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(),
-                   SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK,
-                                       SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_CORE))
-          .RETURN(0);
-      phx::Window window;
-    }
-    THEN("sdl is requested to create a window") {
-      REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_CreateWindow(_, _, _, _, _, _))
-          .RETURN(nullptr);
-      phx::Window window;
-    }
-    THEN("an OpenGL context is created") {
-      REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_GL_CreateContext(_)).RETURN(nullptr);
-      phx::Window window;
-    }
-  }
-
-  GIVEN("A window") {
-    phx::Window window;
-    THEN("the Window is valid") { REQUIRE(window.IsValid()); }
-
-    WHEN("Swap() is called") {
-      THEN("SDL is requested to swap buffers") {
-        REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_GL_SwapWindow(_));
-        REQUIRE(window.Swap() == true);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  GIVEN("SDL could not create a window") {
-    REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_CreateWindow(_, _, _, _, _, _))
-        .RETURN(nullptr);
-    phx::Window window;
-    THEN("the Window is invalid") { REQUIRE_FALSE(window.IsValid()); }
-
-    WHEN("Swap() is called") {
-      THEN("SDL is *not* requested to swap buffers") {
-        FORBID_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_GL_SwapWindow(_));
-        REQUIRE(window.Swap() == false);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  GIVEN("SDL could not create an OpenGL context") {
-    REQUIRE_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_GL_CreateContext(_)).RETURN(nullptr);
-    phx::Window window;
-    THEN("the Window is invalid") { REQUIRE_FALSE(window.IsValid()); }
-
-    WHEN("Swap() is called") {
-      THEN("SDL is *not* requested to swap buffers") {
-        FORBID_CALL(sdl_mock.Get(), SDL_GL_SwapWindow(_));
-        REQUIRE(window.Swap() == false);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
diff --git a/tests/test_utilities/approx.hpp b/tests/test_utilities/approx.hpp
index 5555b7f1bab82843f4a21cfc94cd274bba4fcaab..cdb20f8c4e6c3ffa36b86c3bd1b3339aa1be052e 100644
--- a/tests/test_utilities/approx.hpp
+++ b/tests/test_utilities/approx.hpp
@@ -63,6 +63,9 @@ class Approx {
     return rhs == lhs;
   }
   const T& GetValue() const { return value_; }
+  float GetEpsilon() const { return epsilon_; }
+  float GetMargin() const { return margin_; }
+  float GetScale() const { return scale_; }
 
  private:
   float epsilon_{std::numeric_limits<float>::epsilon() * 100.0f};
@@ -75,4 +78,20 @@ SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_END
 
 }  // namespace test_utilities
 
+namespace Catch {
+
+template <typename T>
+struct StringMaker<test_utilities::Approx<T>> {
+  static std::string convert(const test_utilities::Approx<T>& approx) {
+    std::ostringstream sstr;
+    sstr << "Approx: epsilon=" << approx.GetEpsilon()
+         << " margin=" << approx.GetMargin() << " scale=" << approx.GetScale()
+         << "\n"
+         << StringMaker<T>::convert(approx.GetValue());
+    return sstr.str();
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace Catch
+
 #endif  // TESTS_TEST_UTILITIES_APPROX_HPP_
diff --git a/tests/test_utilities/dummy_material_generator.cpp b/tests/test_utilities/dummy_material_generator.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fadd5ad70ed291d17984f51275bcd972b6a9fc52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_utilities/dummy_material_generator.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualisation Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "dummy_material_generator.hpp"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "phx/material.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+DummyMaterialGenerator::DummyMaterialGenerator(glm::vec3 diffuse_color,
+                                               glm::vec3 specular_color,
+                                               glm::vec3 ambient_color,
+                                               float shininess)
+    : material_{std::make_unique<phx::Material>()} {
+  material_->SetAmbientColor(ambient_color);
+  material_->SetDiffuseColor(diffuse_color);
+  material_->SetSpecularColor(specular_color);
+  material_->SetShininess(shininess);
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<phx::Resource> DummyMaterialGenerator::Load(
+    const ResourceDeclaration &declaration) {
+  auto dummy_declaration =
+      declaration;  // do this only to mitigate "unused parameter" error!
+  auto new_material = std::make_unique<phx::Material>();
+  *new_material = *material_;
+  return new_material;
+}
+
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/tests/test_utilities/dummy_material_generator.hpp b/tests/test_utilities/dummy_material_generator.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..60750209ae140a5194d55c697b9e0ea655b626cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_utilities/dummy_material_generator.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualisation Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef TESTS_TEST_UTILITIES_DUMMY_MATERIAL_GENERATOR_HPP_
+#define TESTS_TEST_UTILITIES_DUMMY_MATERIAL_GENERATOR_HPP_
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "glm/vec3.hpp"
+
+#include "phx/resource_load_strategy.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+class Material;
+
+class DummyMaterialGenerator : public ResourceLoadStrategy {
+ public:
+  DummyMaterialGenerator() = delete;
+  DummyMaterialGenerator(glm::vec3 diffuse_color, glm::vec3 specular_color,
+                         glm::vec3 ambient_color, float shininess);
+  DummyMaterialGenerator(const DummyMaterialGenerator &) = default;
+  DummyMaterialGenerator(DummyMaterialGenerator &&) = default;
+  ~DummyMaterialGenerator() = default;
+
+  DummyMaterialGenerator &operator=(const DummyMaterialGenerator &) = default;
+  DummyMaterialGenerator &operator=(DummyMaterialGenerator &&) = default;
+
+  std::unique_ptr<Resource> Load(
+      const ResourceDeclaration &declaration) override;
+
+ protected:
+ private:
+  std::unique_ptr<phx::Material> material_;
+};
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // TESTS_TEST_UTILITIES_DUMMY_MATERIAL_GENERATOR_HPP_
diff --git a/tests/test_utilities/dummy_mesh_generator.cpp b/tests/test_utilities/dummy_mesh_generator.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..26a8a58d778e1b1f7d1842627b09c021100af225
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_utilities/dummy_mesh_generator.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualisation Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "dummy_mesh_generator.hpp"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "phx/mesh.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+
+DummyMeshLoader::DummyMeshLoader(std::vector<glm::vec3> &&vertices,
+                                 std::vector<glm::vec3> &&normals,
+                                 std::vector<unsigned int> &&indices)
+    : mesh_{std::make_unique<phx::Mesh>()} {
+  mesh_->SetVertices(std::move(vertices));
+  mesh_->SetNormals(std::move(normals));
+  mesh_->SetIndices(std::move(indices));
+  mesh_->SetTextureCoords(
+      std::vector<glm::vec2>(mesh_->GetVertices().size(), glm::vec2()));
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<phx::Resource> DummyMeshLoader::Load(
+    const ResourceDeclaration &declaration) {
+  auto dummy_declaration =
+      declaration;  // do this only to mitigate "unused parameter" error!
+  auto new_mesh = std::make_unique<phx::Mesh>();
+  *new_mesh = *mesh_;
+  return new_mesh;
+}
+
+}  // namespace phx
diff --git a/tests/test_utilities/dummy_mesh_generator.hpp b/tests/test_utilities/dummy_mesh_generator.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2f05c5ae822d1d6c949151ece938f4ff1d983ae8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_utilities/dummy_mesh_generator.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project Phoenix
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017 RWTH Aachen University, Germany,
+// Virtual Reality & Immersive Visualisation Group.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                 License
+//
+// Licensed under the 3-Clause BSD License (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// See the file LICENSE for the full text.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef TESTS_TEST_UTILITIES_DUMMY_MESH_GENERATOR_HPP_
+#define TESTS_TEST_UTILITIES_DUMMY_MESH_GENERATOR_HPP_
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "glm/vec3.hpp"
+
+#include "phx/resource_load_strategy.hpp"
+
+namespace phx {
+class Mesh;
+
+class DummyMeshLoader : public ResourceLoadStrategy {
+ public:
+  DummyMeshLoader() = delete;
+  DummyMeshLoader(std::vector<glm::vec3> &&vertices,
+                  std::vector<glm::vec3> &&normals,
+                  std::vector<unsigned int> &&indices);
+  DummyMeshLoader(const DummyMeshLoader &) = default;
+  DummyMeshLoader(DummyMeshLoader &&) = default;
+  ~DummyMeshLoader() = default;
+
+  DummyMeshLoader &operator=(const DummyMeshLoader &) = default;
+  DummyMeshLoader &operator=(DummyMeshLoader &&) = default;
+
+  std::unique_ptr<Resource> Load(
+      const ResourceDeclaration &declaration) override;
+
+ protected:
+ private:
+  std::unique_ptr<phx::Mesh> mesh_;
+};
+}  // namespace phx
+
+#endif  // TESTS_TEST_UTILITIES_DUMMY_MESH_GENERATOR_HPP_
diff --git a/tests/test_utilities/opengl_buffer_data_comparison.cpp b/tests/test_utilities/opengl_buffer_data_comparison.cpp
index f7eff01d791f5271c54d9c882a12a23a38ab71a3..bc6bca932ac3fe05d95cfadc293674d38dd51409 100644
--- a/tests/test_utilities/opengl_buffer_data_comparison.cpp
+++ b/tests/test_utilities/opengl_buffer_data_comparison.cpp
@@ -78,14 +78,18 @@ std::string OpenGLBufferComparison::ReadInput() {
   return response;
 }
 
-void OpenGLBufferComparison::RemoveTempFiles(const std::string& temp_file1,
-                                             const std::string& temp_file2) {
+void OpenGLBufferComparison::RemoveTempFiles(
+    const std::string& temp_file1, const std::string& temp_file2,
+    const std::string& temp_file_diff) {
   std::cout << "The temporary file(s) are now removed." << std::endl
             << std::endl;
   std::remove(temp_file1.c_str());
   if (temp_file2 != "") {
     std::remove(temp_file2.c_str());
   }
+  if (temp_file_diff != "") {
+    std::remove(temp_file_diff.c_str());
+  }
 }
 
 void OpenGLBufferComparison::OutputUpdateRefImageInfo(
@@ -103,7 +107,10 @@ void OpenGLBufferComparison::OutputUpdateRefImageInfo(
 
 void OpenGLBufferComparison::OutputComparisonInfo(
     double minimumSimilarity, double similarity, phx::Image* ref_image,
-    const std::string& test_image_name, const std::string& ref_image_name) {
+    phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32>*
+        diff_image,
+    const std::string& test_image_name, const std::string& ref_image_name,
+    const std::string& diff_image_name) {
   std::cout << "Similarity should be " << minimumSimilarity << ", but is only "
             << (similarity < 0 ? "(undefined, reference image does not exist)"
                                : std::to_string(similarity))
@@ -113,6 +120,9 @@ void OpenGLBufferComparison::OutputComparisonInfo(
             << "     [Test image]        " << test_image_name << std::endl
             << "     [Reference image]   "
             << (ref_image != nullptr ? ref_image_name : "(does not exist)")
+            << "\n"
+            << "     [Difference image]  "
+            << (diff_image != nullptr ? diff_image_name : "(does not exist)")
             << std::endl
             << std::endl;
 
diff --git a/tests/test_utilities/opengl_buffer_data_comparison.hpp b/tests/test_utilities/opengl_buffer_data_comparison.hpp
index 3f97d9ab6b1e0d49c0c359dcc1b771da4b1a54ca..1fe026e9393765e7fd96ffc1ecfbc27c614f82e1 100644
--- a/tests/test_utilities/opengl_buffer_data_comparison.hpp
+++ b/tests/test_utilities/opengl_buffer_data_comparison.hpp
@@ -27,9 +27,11 @@
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <limits>
+#include <memory>
 #include <random>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
+#include <tuple>
 #include <utility>
 
 #include "catch/catch.hpp"
@@ -99,8 +101,10 @@ class OpenGLBufferComparison {
   static std::string GetFormatString(phx::Image* image);
 
   template <typename T>
-  static std::pair<std::string, std::string> SaveTemporaryFiles(
-      const phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<T>& buffer_test, phx::Image* ref_image);
+  static std::tuple<std::string, std::string, std::string> SaveTemporaryFiles(
+      const phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<T>& buffer_test, phx::Image* ref_image,
+      phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32>*
+          buffer_diff);
 
   template <typename T>
   static void OutputFailMessage(
@@ -108,10 +112,12 @@ class OpenGLBufferComparison {
       const std::string& filename_reference_image, double similarity,
       phx::Image* ref_image);
 
-  static void OutputComparisonInfo(double minimumSimilarity, double similarity,
-                                   phx::Image* ref_image,
-                                   const std::string& file1,
-                                   const std::string& file2);
+  static void OutputComparisonInfo(
+      double minimumSimilarity, double similarity, phx::Image* ref_image,
+      phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32>*
+          diff_image,
+      const std::string& file1, const std::string& file2,
+      const std::string& diff_image_name);
 
   static void OutputRefImageMissingInfo(const std::string& file1);
 
@@ -123,13 +129,14 @@ class OpenGLBufferComparison {
       const phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<T>& buffer_test,
       const std::string& filename_reference_image,
       const std::string& temp_file1, const std::string& temp_file2,
-      bool ref_image_exists);
+      const std::string& temp_file_diff, bool ref_image_exists);
 
   static void OutputUpdateRefImageInfo(
       const std::string& filename_reference_image, bool overwrite);
 
   static void RemoveTempFiles(const std::string& temp_file1,
-                              const std::string& temp_file2);
+                              const std::string& temp_file2,
+                              const std::string& temp_file_diff);
 };
 
 template <typename T>
@@ -164,10 +171,19 @@ void OpenGLBufferComparison::REQUIRE_SIMILARITY(
     std::string randomstring = GenerateRandomString(10);
     std::string file1 = "buffer_comparison_" + randomstring + "_test.png";
     std::string file2 = "buffer_comparison_" + randomstring + "_reference.png";
+    std::string file_diff =
+        "buffer_comparison_" + randomstring + "_diffmag.png";
+
+    // compute difference image buffer
+    auto buffer_diffmag =
+        phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<T>::CreateDifferenceMagnitudeBuffer(
+            buffer_test, buffer_reference);
+    REQUIRE(buffer_diffmag != nullptr);
 
     // write files there
     buffer_test.SaveToFilePNG(file1);
     buffer_reference.SaveToFilePNG(file2);
+    buffer_diffmag->SaveToFilePNG(file_diff);
 
     // output info
     std::stringstream ss;
@@ -175,7 +191,8 @@ void OpenGLBufferComparison::REQUIRE_SIMILARITY(
        << minimumSimilarity << ", but is only " << similarity
        << ".\nImage buffers written to \n"
        << file1 << "    and\n"
-       << file2;
+       << file2 << ",   and the difference magnitude image to\n"
+       << file_diff;
     INFO(ss.str());
     // fail
     REQUIRE(similarity >= minimumSimilarity);
@@ -198,20 +215,33 @@ void OpenGLBufferComparison::REQUIRE_REFERENCE_IMAGE_SIMILARITY(
   similarity = ComputeSimilarity(buffer_test, ref_image.get());
 
   if (similarity < minimumSimilarity) {
-    auto temp_names = SaveTemporaryFiles(buffer_test, ref_image.get());
-    std::string file1 = temp_names.first;
-    std::string file2 = temp_names.second;
+    std::unique_ptr<
+        phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32>>
+        buffer_diff = nullptr;
+    if (ref_image != nullptr) {
+      auto buffer_ref =
+          phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<T>::CreateFromImage(ref_image.get());
+      buffer_diff =
+          phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<T>::CreateDifferenceMagnitudeBuffer(
+              buffer_test, *buffer_ref.get());
+    }
+
+    auto filenames =
+        SaveTemporaryFiles(buffer_test, ref_image.get(), buffer_diff.get());
+    std::string file1 = std::get<0>(filenames);
+    std::string file2 = std::get<1>(filenames);
+    std::string file_diff = std::get<2>(filenames);
 
     OutputFailMessage(buffer_test, filename_with_path, similarity,
                       ref_image.get());
     if (ref_image != nullptr) {
       OutputComparisonInfo(minimumSimilarity, similarity, ref_image.get(),
-                           file1, file2);
+                           buffer_diff.get(), file1, file2, file_diff);
     } else {
       OutputRefImageMissingInfo(file1);
     }
     DetermineTestOutcome(similarity, minimumSimilarity, buffer_test,
-                         filename_with_path, file1, file2,
+                         filename_with_path, file1, file2, file_diff,
                          ref_image != nullptr);
   } else {
     // pass test
@@ -251,8 +281,7 @@ double OpenGLBufferComparison::ComputePixelSimilarity(
     double max_distance) {
   const auto pixel1 = buffer1.GetPixel(x, y);
   const auto pixel2 = buffer2.GetPixel(x, y);
-  const auto difference = pixel1 - pixel2;
-  const double dist = L2Norm(difference);
+  const auto dist = PixelDistance(pixel1, pixel2);
   const double pixel_similarity = 1.0 - (dist / max_distance);
   return pixel_similarity;
 }
@@ -275,8 +304,11 @@ INSTANTIATE_COMPUTE_TOTAL_SIMILARITY(phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32,
                                      1.0)
 
 template <typename T>
-std::pair<std::string, std::string> OpenGLBufferComparison::SaveTemporaryFiles(
-    const phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<T>& buffer_test, phx::Image* ref_image) {
+std::tuple<std::string, std::string, std::string>
+OpenGLBufferComparison::SaveTemporaryFiles(
+    const phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<T>& buffer_test, phx::Image* ref_image,
+    phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_Float32>*
+        buffer_diff) {
   // create temporary file names
   std::string randomstring = GenerateRandomString(10);
   std::string file1 = "buffer_comparison_" + randomstring + "_test.png";
@@ -284,13 +316,18 @@ std::pair<std::string, std::string> OpenGLBufferComparison::SaveTemporaryFiles(
       (ref_image != nullptr
            ? "buffer_comparison_" + randomstring + "_reference.png"
            : "");
+  std::string file_diff = "buffer_comparison_" + randomstring + "_diffmag.png";
 
   // write files there
   buffer_test.SaveToFilePNG(file1);
   if (ref_image != nullptr) {
     ref_image->Save(file2);
   }
-  return std::make_pair(file1, file2);
+  if (buffer_diff != nullptr) {
+    buffer_diff->SaveToFilePNG(file_diff);
+  }
+
+  return std::make_tuple(file1, file2, file_diff);
 }
 
 template <typename T>
@@ -327,7 +364,8 @@ void OpenGLBufferComparison::DetermineTestOutcome(
     double similarity, double minimumSimilarity,
     const phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<T>& buffer_test,
     const std::string& filename_reference_image, const std::string& temp_file1,
-    const std::string& temp_file2, bool ref_image_exists) {
+    const std::string& temp_file2, const std::string& temp_file_diff,
+    bool ref_image_exists) {
   std::string response = ReadInput();
 
   bool overwrite = ref_image_exists && response == "overwrite";
@@ -339,7 +377,7 @@ void OpenGLBufferComparison::DetermineTestOutcome(
     // overwrite reference image with test image
     buffer_test.CreateImage()->Save(filename_reference_image);
     OutputUpdateRefImageInfo(filename_reference_image, ref_image_exists);
-    RemoveTempFiles(temp_file1, temp_file2);
+    RemoveTempFiles(temp_file1, temp_file2, temp_file_diff);
     // pass test
     REQUIRE(true);
   }
diff --git a/tests/test_utilities/tests/src/test_reference_images.cpp b/tests/test_utilities/tests/src/test_reference_images.cpp
index 194590614a18451badb35820285ad374edc3be0e..98e5ba7217cf8f073d9e32b06c6002c1e829695a 100644
--- a/tests/test_utilities/tests/src/test_reference_images.cpp
+++ b/tests/test_utilities/tests/src/test_reference_images.cpp
@@ -64,9 +64,12 @@ SCENARIO(
     "the reference image does not exist), the reference image can, upon user "
     "request, automatically be overwritten with the buffer.",
     "[tests][test::utils]") {
-  GIVEN("A buffer") {
+  GIVEN("A buffer with gray pixels") {
     phx::OpenGLImageBufferData<phx::OpenGLImageBufferDataType_RGB> buffer(1024,
                                                                           768);
+    for (std::size_t y = 0; y < 768; ++y)
+      for (std::size_t x = 0; x < 1024; ++x)
+        buffer.SetPixel(x, y, {128, 128, 128});
 
     WHEN(
         "It is compared to a reference image path that contains the same "